NREMT FINAL EXAM TEST BANK
LATEST 2024-2025 EXAM 370+
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES|AGRADE
A 65-year-
vz
old male who has a history of congestive heart failure is slumped in a chair not res
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
ponding to you. His wife tells you that his difficulty breathing started an hour ago an
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
d has been getting worse. He is tachypneic, and you auscultate rales in all fields. Y
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
ou should first:
vz vz
A. assist his ventilation.
vz vz vz
B. administer oxygen by non-rebreather mask.
vz vz vz vz vz
C. apply CPAP.
vz vz
D. assess his vital signs. - ANSWERS-A. assist his ventilation.
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
Patients who have chronic bronchitis may have which of the following?
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
A. Persistent productive cough, thickening of walls of bronchioles, excessive mucus
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
production
vz
B. Increased sensitivity of lower airways to irritants, bronchospasm, edema
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
C. Destruction of alveolar walls, distention of alveolar sacs, reduced area for gas e
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
xchange
D. Acute infectious disease, lung inflammation, pus-filled alveoli - ANSWERS-
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
A. Persistent productive cough, thickening of walls of bronchioles, excessive mucus
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
production
vz
A 70-year-
vz
old male has difficulty breathing. When assessing him, which of the following shoul
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
d influence your decision to assist his ventilation with a BVM?
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
A. A decrease in his mental status
vz vz vz vz vz vz
B. An SpO2 below 90% on room air
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
C. An increase in his respiratory rate
vz vz vz vz vz vz
D. A history of COPD - ANSWERS-A. A decrease in his mental status
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
You are assisting the ventilation of a 57-year-
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
old female who is in respiratory failure. Her initial vital signs were P 102, R 32, BP
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
142/84, and SpO2 was 88% on room air. After five minutes of assisted ventilation,
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
her vital signs are P 96, R 18 assisted with slight chest rise, BP 108/80, and SpO2
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
is 95% on oxygen 15 L/minute by BVM. You should:
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
A. decrease the tidal volume of your ventilation.
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
B. increase the tidal volume of your ventilation.
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
C. increase the oxygen flow rate.
vz vz vz vz vz
D. decrease your ventilation rate. - ANSWERS-D. decrease your ventilation rate.
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
,An 86-year-vz
old female who has a history of emphysema complains of chest pain. Her initial Sp
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
O2 was 92% on home oxygen by nasal cannula, 3 L/minute. You administered oxy
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
gen by non- vz vz
rebreather, 12 L/minute. Her SpO2 is now 100%, and her chest pain is resolved aft
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
er aspirin and nitroglycerin administration. You should next:
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
A. discontinue oxygen administration.
vz vz vz
B. switch to a simple face mask.
vz vz vz vz vz vz
C. decrease the flow rate to 6 L/minute.
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
D. transport her. - ANSWERS-B. switch to a simple face mask.
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
Which of the following prevents the over-
vz vz vz vz vz vz
inflation of the lungs during normal respiration?
vz vz vz vz vz vz
A. Cushing reflex
vz vz
B. Baroreceptor reflex
vz vz
C. Chemoreceptors
vz
D. Stretch receptors - ANSWERS-D. Stretch receptors
vz vz vz vz vz vz
Which of the following sounds indicates an upper airway obstruction in a child who
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
is in respiratory distress?
vz vz vz
A. Rales
vz
B. Wheezes
vz
C. Stridorvz
D. Rhonchi - ANSWERS-C. Stridor
vz vz vz vz
A 16-year-old female complains of a runny nose and a low-
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
grade fever. She has a burst of rapid coughing with an inspiratory whooping sound.
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
While she is coughing her skin becomes cyanotic. After she stops coughing her sk
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
in color
vz
returns to normal. You should suspect:
vz vz vz vz vz
A. pneumonia.
vz
B. pertussis.
vz
C. rubella.
vz
D. tuberculosis. - ANSWERS-B. pertussis.
vz vz vz vz
What causes the prolonged expiratory phase of the respiratory cycle in a patient w
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
ho is having an asthma attack?
vz vz vz vz vz
A. Bronchiole constriction
vz vz
B. Pulmonary venous hypertension
vz vz vz
C. Thick, sticky mucus production
vz vz vz vz
D. Ruptured blebs - ANSWERS-A. Bronchiole constriction
vz vz vz vz vz vz
A 64-year-
vz
old male is having an asthma attack. Which class of medication can help improve h
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
is alveolar ventilation?
vz vz
A. Beta2 agonist
vz vz
B. Beta1 antagonist
vz vz
C. Beta1 agonist
vz vz
D. Beta2 antagonist - ANSWERS-A. Beta2 agonist
vz vz vz vz vz vz
, A 47-year-
vz
old male complains of difficulty breathing, and he cannot stop coughing. His conjun
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
ctivae are pale and moist. He has a 40 pack-year smoking history. You should first:
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
A. administer oxygen.
vz vz
B. assess his vital signs.
vz vz vz vz
C. collect a sample of his phlegm.
vz vz vz vz vz vz
D. determine his past medical history. - ANSWERS-A. administer oxygen.
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
Which of the following respiratory conditions in children over 2 years old has similar
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
lung sounds to an infant who has bronchiolitis?
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
A. Asthma
vz
B. Pulmonary edema
vz vz
C. Pertussis
vz
D. Pneumonia - ANSWERS-A. Asthma
vz vz vz vz
A 77-year-
vz
old female complains of difficulty breathing. She tells you she has had a productive
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz v
cough for several years. You auscultate coarse rhonchi in the bases of her lungs.
z vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
You observe her mucous membranes are cyanotic. Her vital signs are P 96, R 26 a
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
nd labored, BP 148/92, and SpO2 is 88% on home oxygen 3 L/minute by nasal ca
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
nnula. You should: vz vz
A. rapidly transport her to the hospital.
vz vz vz vz vz vz
B. administer oxygen by non-rebreather mask.
vz vz vz vz vz
C. assist her ventilation with a BVM.
vz vz vz vz vz vz
D. increase the oxygen flow rate to 4 L/minute. - ANSWERS-
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
B. administer oxygen by non-rebreather mask.
vz vz vz vz vz
A febrile 69-year-
vz vz
old male complains of body aches and decreased appetite. He tells you he has had
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
the flu for a week. His skin is cyanotic and diaphoretic. You auscultate rhonchi and
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
decreased lung sounds over his left lower lung. His vital signs are P 102, R 26, B
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
P 116/90, and SpO2 is 91% on room air. You should suspect:
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
A. pneumonia.
vz
B. influenza.
vz
C. septic shock.
vz vz
D. pleurisy. - ANSWERS-A. pneumonia.
vz vz vz vz
Why can pulmonary embolisms cause a V/Q mismatch?
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
A. They block bronchiole airflow.
vz vz vz vz
B. They block bronchial airflow.
vz vz vz vz
C. They block pulmonary venous blood flow.
vz vz vz vz vz vz
D. They block pulmonary arterial blood flow. - ANSWERS-
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
D. They block pulmonary arterial blood flow.
vz vz vz vz vz vz
Why would a 46-year- vz vz vz
old male who inhaled steam from a malfunctioning boiler have stridor in his upper a
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
irway and wheezes in his lower airway?
vz vz vz vz vz vz
A. Steam can irritate both upper and lower airways causing bronchoconstriction.
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
B. Steam can burn both upper and lower airways causing edema.
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
LATEST 2024-2025 EXAM 370+
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES|AGRADE
A 65-year-
vz
old male who has a history of congestive heart failure is slumped in a chair not res
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
ponding to you. His wife tells you that his difficulty breathing started an hour ago an
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
d has been getting worse. He is tachypneic, and you auscultate rales in all fields. Y
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
ou should first:
vz vz
A. assist his ventilation.
vz vz vz
B. administer oxygen by non-rebreather mask.
vz vz vz vz vz
C. apply CPAP.
vz vz
D. assess his vital signs. - ANSWERS-A. assist his ventilation.
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
Patients who have chronic bronchitis may have which of the following?
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
A. Persistent productive cough, thickening of walls of bronchioles, excessive mucus
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
production
vz
B. Increased sensitivity of lower airways to irritants, bronchospasm, edema
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
C. Destruction of alveolar walls, distention of alveolar sacs, reduced area for gas e
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
xchange
D. Acute infectious disease, lung inflammation, pus-filled alveoli - ANSWERS-
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
A. Persistent productive cough, thickening of walls of bronchioles, excessive mucus
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
production
vz
A 70-year-
vz
old male has difficulty breathing. When assessing him, which of the following shoul
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
d influence your decision to assist his ventilation with a BVM?
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
A. A decrease in his mental status
vz vz vz vz vz vz
B. An SpO2 below 90% on room air
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
C. An increase in his respiratory rate
vz vz vz vz vz vz
D. A history of COPD - ANSWERS-A. A decrease in his mental status
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
You are assisting the ventilation of a 57-year-
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
old female who is in respiratory failure. Her initial vital signs were P 102, R 32, BP
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
142/84, and SpO2 was 88% on room air. After five minutes of assisted ventilation,
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
her vital signs are P 96, R 18 assisted with slight chest rise, BP 108/80, and SpO2
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
is 95% on oxygen 15 L/minute by BVM. You should:
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
A. decrease the tidal volume of your ventilation.
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
B. increase the tidal volume of your ventilation.
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
C. increase the oxygen flow rate.
vz vz vz vz vz
D. decrease your ventilation rate. - ANSWERS-D. decrease your ventilation rate.
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
,An 86-year-vz
old female who has a history of emphysema complains of chest pain. Her initial Sp
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
O2 was 92% on home oxygen by nasal cannula, 3 L/minute. You administered oxy
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
gen by non- vz vz
rebreather, 12 L/minute. Her SpO2 is now 100%, and her chest pain is resolved aft
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
er aspirin and nitroglycerin administration. You should next:
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
A. discontinue oxygen administration.
vz vz vz
B. switch to a simple face mask.
vz vz vz vz vz vz
C. decrease the flow rate to 6 L/minute.
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
D. transport her. - ANSWERS-B. switch to a simple face mask.
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
Which of the following prevents the over-
vz vz vz vz vz vz
inflation of the lungs during normal respiration?
vz vz vz vz vz vz
A. Cushing reflex
vz vz
B. Baroreceptor reflex
vz vz
C. Chemoreceptors
vz
D. Stretch receptors - ANSWERS-D. Stretch receptors
vz vz vz vz vz vz
Which of the following sounds indicates an upper airway obstruction in a child who
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
is in respiratory distress?
vz vz vz
A. Rales
vz
B. Wheezes
vz
C. Stridorvz
D. Rhonchi - ANSWERS-C. Stridor
vz vz vz vz
A 16-year-old female complains of a runny nose and a low-
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
grade fever. She has a burst of rapid coughing with an inspiratory whooping sound.
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
While she is coughing her skin becomes cyanotic. After she stops coughing her sk
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
in color
vz
returns to normal. You should suspect:
vz vz vz vz vz
A. pneumonia.
vz
B. pertussis.
vz
C. rubella.
vz
D. tuberculosis. - ANSWERS-B. pertussis.
vz vz vz vz
What causes the prolonged expiratory phase of the respiratory cycle in a patient w
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
ho is having an asthma attack?
vz vz vz vz vz
A. Bronchiole constriction
vz vz
B. Pulmonary venous hypertension
vz vz vz
C. Thick, sticky mucus production
vz vz vz vz
D. Ruptured blebs - ANSWERS-A. Bronchiole constriction
vz vz vz vz vz vz
A 64-year-
vz
old male is having an asthma attack. Which class of medication can help improve h
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
is alveolar ventilation?
vz vz
A. Beta2 agonist
vz vz
B. Beta1 antagonist
vz vz
C. Beta1 agonist
vz vz
D. Beta2 antagonist - ANSWERS-A. Beta2 agonist
vz vz vz vz vz vz
, A 47-year-
vz
old male complains of difficulty breathing, and he cannot stop coughing. His conjun
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
ctivae are pale and moist. He has a 40 pack-year smoking history. You should first:
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
A. administer oxygen.
vz vz
B. assess his vital signs.
vz vz vz vz
C. collect a sample of his phlegm.
vz vz vz vz vz vz
D. determine his past medical history. - ANSWERS-A. administer oxygen.
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
Which of the following respiratory conditions in children over 2 years old has similar
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
lung sounds to an infant who has bronchiolitis?
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
A. Asthma
vz
B. Pulmonary edema
vz vz
C. Pertussis
vz
D. Pneumonia - ANSWERS-A. Asthma
vz vz vz vz
A 77-year-
vz
old female complains of difficulty breathing. She tells you she has had a productive
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz v
cough for several years. You auscultate coarse rhonchi in the bases of her lungs.
z vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
You observe her mucous membranes are cyanotic. Her vital signs are P 96, R 26 a
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
nd labored, BP 148/92, and SpO2 is 88% on home oxygen 3 L/minute by nasal ca
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
nnula. You should: vz vz
A. rapidly transport her to the hospital.
vz vz vz vz vz vz
B. administer oxygen by non-rebreather mask.
vz vz vz vz vz
C. assist her ventilation with a BVM.
vz vz vz vz vz vz
D. increase the oxygen flow rate to 4 L/minute. - ANSWERS-
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
B. administer oxygen by non-rebreather mask.
vz vz vz vz vz
A febrile 69-year-
vz vz
old male complains of body aches and decreased appetite. He tells you he has had
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
the flu for a week. His skin is cyanotic and diaphoretic. You auscultate rhonchi and
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
decreased lung sounds over his left lower lung. His vital signs are P 102, R 26, B
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
P 116/90, and SpO2 is 91% on room air. You should suspect:
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
A. pneumonia.
vz
B. influenza.
vz
C. septic shock.
vz vz
D. pleurisy. - ANSWERS-A. pneumonia.
vz vz vz vz
Why can pulmonary embolisms cause a V/Q mismatch?
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
A. They block bronchiole airflow.
vz vz vz vz
B. They block bronchial airflow.
vz vz vz vz
C. They block pulmonary venous blood flow.
vz vz vz vz vz vz
D. They block pulmonary arterial blood flow. - ANSWERS-
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
D. They block pulmonary arterial blood flow.
vz vz vz vz vz vz
Why would a 46-year- vz vz vz
old male who inhaled steam from a malfunctioning boiler have stridor in his upper a
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
irway and wheezes in his lower airway?
vz vz vz vz vz vz
A. Steam can irritate both upper and lower airways causing bronchoconstriction.
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
B. Steam can burn both upper and lower airways causing edema.
vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz vz
