NURS 8026 Differential Diagnosis CT/MRI
Module 11 Questions with 100% Correct
Answers
sagittal view
Divides right/left
Coronal view
divides front/back
axial view
divides upper/lower
computed tomography (CT)
a scanning technique using multiple X-rays to construct three-dimensional images.
•Uses x-ray and a computer
•X-ray rotates around patient inside hole (gantry)
•Body is viewed as a "slice" like a loaf of bread
•Computer creates crosssectional images of body
•Radiation reported as mGy unit
• Proportional to energy in breaking of cell bonds
Hyperdensity (bright) - hemorrhage and calcifications
What does hyperdensity in a CT mean?
Hypodensity (dark) - edema and infarction
,What does hypodensity in a CT mean?
Acute: hyperdense
Sub acute: isodense
Chronic: hypodense
What would you see in a CT scan with a brain hemorrhage?
Window examples in CT
Brain window, bone window, subdural window
•Most effective for viewing bone and soft tissues
•Blood vessels
•Shows soft tissues better than x-ray
•Quick & effective = top choice for emergency imaging
What does a CT show?
CT - neuro specific
•Brain damage in head injuries
•Hematoma
•Bleeding (hemorrhage)
•Bone fractures
•Hydrocephalus
•Inner ear and sinuses
•Spinal stenosis / herniated discs
•Spinal cord and vessels
Contrast agents for CT
, Iodine or barium compounds
• Help to differentiate tissues to identify pathological lesions
• Contrast Enhancing
• Iodinated
• Intravascular
• Solid abdominal and pelvic organ
• Use of low-osmolality contrast associated
with reduction in adverse side effects
• Barium
• Air
• Carbon dioxide
Troubles with contrast
Reactions:
• Anaphylactoid reactions
• Seafood allergy misconception
• Contrast induced nephropathy
• Effects on thyroid function
• Drug interactions
• Metformin - stop 48 hours prior to
procedure
Contraindications:
• History of reaction
• Pregnancy
Module 11 Questions with 100% Correct
Answers
sagittal view
Divides right/left
Coronal view
divides front/back
axial view
divides upper/lower
computed tomography (CT)
a scanning technique using multiple X-rays to construct three-dimensional images.
•Uses x-ray and a computer
•X-ray rotates around patient inside hole (gantry)
•Body is viewed as a "slice" like a loaf of bread
•Computer creates crosssectional images of body
•Radiation reported as mGy unit
• Proportional to energy in breaking of cell bonds
Hyperdensity (bright) - hemorrhage and calcifications
What does hyperdensity in a CT mean?
Hypodensity (dark) - edema and infarction
,What does hypodensity in a CT mean?
Acute: hyperdense
Sub acute: isodense
Chronic: hypodense
What would you see in a CT scan with a brain hemorrhage?
Window examples in CT
Brain window, bone window, subdural window
•Most effective for viewing bone and soft tissues
•Blood vessels
•Shows soft tissues better than x-ray
•Quick & effective = top choice for emergency imaging
What does a CT show?
CT - neuro specific
•Brain damage in head injuries
•Hematoma
•Bleeding (hemorrhage)
•Bone fractures
•Hydrocephalus
•Inner ear and sinuses
•Spinal stenosis / herniated discs
•Spinal cord and vessels
Contrast agents for CT
, Iodine or barium compounds
• Help to differentiate tissues to identify pathological lesions
• Contrast Enhancing
• Iodinated
• Intravascular
• Solid abdominal and pelvic organ
• Use of low-osmolality contrast associated
with reduction in adverse side effects
• Barium
• Air
• Carbon dioxide
Troubles with contrast
Reactions:
• Anaphylactoid reactions
• Seafood allergy misconception
• Contrast induced nephropathy
• Effects on thyroid function
• Drug interactions
• Metformin - stop 48 hours prior to
procedure
Contraindications:
• History of reaction
• Pregnancy
