W8 NR283 Exam 3
A patient with pulmonary embolism (PE) suddenly develops chest pain and hypoxia. What is
the primary cause of hypoxemia?
A. Decreased hemoglobin levels
B. Ventilation-perfusion mismatch
C. Increased diffusion capacity
D. Bronchoconstriction only
,A patient has the following ABG results:
pH 7.31, PaCO₂ 55 mmHg, HCO₃⁻ 26 mEq/L
How should the nurse interpret these findings?
A. Metabolic acidosis
B. Respiratory acidosis (uncompensated)
C. Respiratory alkalosis
D. Fully compensated metabolic acidosis
B – Low pH + high CO₂ + normal HCO₃⁻ = uncompensated respiratory acidosis.
,A nurse is assessing a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which
finding is most characteristic?
A. Increased lung compliance
B. Decreased permeability of alveolar membrane
C. Refractory hypoxemia despite oxygen therapy
D. Decreased pulmonary edema
C – ARDS hallmark: refractory hypoxemia (oxygen doesn’t help much).
, Which pathophysiological changes occur in shock (progressive stage)? (Select all that apply)
A. Lactic acidosis
B. Increased cellular perfusion
C. Capillary permeability increases
D. Multi-organ dysfunction
E. Stable blood pressure
A, C, D
A patient with pulmonary embolism (PE) suddenly develops chest pain and hypoxia. What is
the primary cause of hypoxemia?
A. Decreased hemoglobin levels
B. Ventilation-perfusion mismatch
C. Increased diffusion capacity
D. Bronchoconstriction only
,A patient has the following ABG results:
pH 7.31, PaCO₂ 55 mmHg, HCO₃⁻ 26 mEq/L
How should the nurse interpret these findings?
A. Metabolic acidosis
B. Respiratory acidosis (uncompensated)
C. Respiratory alkalosis
D. Fully compensated metabolic acidosis
B – Low pH + high CO₂ + normal HCO₃⁻ = uncompensated respiratory acidosis.
,A nurse is assessing a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which
finding is most characteristic?
A. Increased lung compliance
B. Decreased permeability of alveolar membrane
C. Refractory hypoxemia despite oxygen therapy
D. Decreased pulmonary edema
C – ARDS hallmark: refractory hypoxemia (oxygen doesn’t help much).
, Which pathophysiological changes occur in shock (progressive stage)? (Select all that apply)
A. Lactic acidosis
B. Increased cellular perfusion
C. Capillary permeability increases
D. Multi-organ dysfunction
E. Stable blood pressure
A, C, D
