PCB 3134 Exam 1 - Marks (FSU) With
Complete Solutions
What is the cell theory? - ANSWER All living things are made up of cells, cells are
the basic units of structure and function in living things, new cells are produced
from existing cells
What is cytology? - ANSWER study of cell structure
What is biochemistry? - ANSWER focuses on cellular structure and its functions
What is genetics? - ANSWER the study of heredity and the variation of inherited
characteristics.
Types of microscopes - ANSWER light microscope and electron microscope
types of electron microscopes - ANSWER transmission and scanning
What is subcellular fractionation? - ANSWER uses centrifugation to separate
different structures of molecules
What is X-Ray crystallography? - ANSWER technique used to determine the 3D
structure of a molecule
to do it, purified samples of DNA are crystallized and bombarded X-rays
What is recombinant DNA? - ANSWER DNA produced by combining DNA from
different sources
What is DNA sequencing? - ANSWER A process in which exact sequence of
nucleotides in a DNA segment is determined
What are the classes of proteins? - ANSWER -enzymes: catalysts that increase
chemical reactions
-structural proteins: physical support
-motility proteins: contraction and movement
-regulatory proteins: control and coordinate function
-transport proteins: moving substances in and out of cells
-signaling proteins: communication between cells
-receptor proteins: responds to stimuli
-defensive proteins: protects against disease
, -storage proteins: stores things within the cell
How many amino acids are there? - ANSWER 20 amino acids
what are the types of amino acids? - ANSWER -nonpolar
-charged
-polar
what type of bonds do amino acids make? - ANSWER -peptide bonds
-through dehydration reactions
Monomeric v. multimeric proteins - ANSWER monomeric: consists of one
polypeptide
multimeric: consists of multiple polypeptides
What is the primary structure of a protein? - ANSWER sequence of amino acids
what is the secondary structure of a protein? - ANSWER forms different
structures due to hydrogen bonding
- aplha helix & beta sheets
What is the tertiary structure of a protein? - ANSWER folding of the protein due
to R group interaction
what are protein domains? - ANSWER certain sections of a protein that carry out
a specific function
what are the two types of nucleic acids? - ANSWER -DNA and RNA
-one uses deoxyribose, the other ribose
What are the four nitrogenous bases? - ANSWER Adenine, Thymine, Guanine,
Cytosine
What makes up a nucleotide? - ANSWER sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
What is a polysaccharide? - ANSWER a long chain of sugars and sugar
derivatives
what is the best known sugar monomer ? - ANSWER glucose
what type of bond links sugars? - ANSWER glycosidic linkage
what are the two types of glycosidic bonds? - ANSWER alpha (1/4 & 1/6) and
beta (1/4)
Complete Solutions
What is the cell theory? - ANSWER All living things are made up of cells, cells are
the basic units of structure and function in living things, new cells are produced
from existing cells
What is cytology? - ANSWER study of cell structure
What is biochemistry? - ANSWER focuses on cellular structure and its functions
What is genetics? - ANSWER the study of heredity and the variation of inherited
characteristics.
Types of microscopes - ANSWER light microscope and electron microscope
types of electron microscopes - ANSWER transmission and scanning
What is subcellular fractionation? - ANSWER uses centrifugation to separate
different structures of molecules
What is X-Ray crystallography? - ANSWER technique used to determine the 3D
structure of a molecule
to do it, purified samples of DNA are crystallized and bombarded X-rays
What is recombinant DNA? - ANSWER DNA produced by combining DNA from
different sources
What is DNA sequencing? - ANSWER A process in which exact sequence of
nucleotides in a DNA segment is determined
What are the classes of proteins? - ANSWER -enzymes: catalysts that increase
chemical reactions
-structural proteins: physical support
-motility proteins: contraction and movement
-regulatory proteins: control and coordinate function
-transport proteins: moving substances in and out of cells
-signaling proteins: communication between cells
-receptor proteins: responds to stimuli
-defensive proteins: protects against disease
, -storage proteins: stores things within the cell
How many amino acids are there? - ANSWER 20 amino acids
what are the types of amino acids? - ANSWER -nonpolar
-charged
-polar
what type of bonds do amino acids make? - ANSWER -peptide bonds
-through dehydration reactions
Monomeric v. multimeric proteins - ANSWER monomeric: consists of one
polypeptide
multimeric: consists of multiple polypeptides
What is the primary structure of a protein? - ANSWER sequence of amino acids
what is the secondary structure of a protein? - ANSWER forms different
structures due to hydrogen bonding
- aplha helix & beta sheets
What is the tertiary structure of a protein? - ANSWER folding of the protein due
to R group interaction
what are protein domains? - ANSWER certain sections of a protein that carry out
a specific function
what are the two types of nucleic acids? - ANSWER -DNA and RNA
-one uses deoxyribose, the other ribose
What are the four nitrogenous bases? - ANSWER Adenine, Thymine, Guanine,
Cytosine
What makes up a nucleotide? - ANSWER sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
What is a polysaccharide? - ANSWER a long chain of sugars and sugar
derivatives
what is the best known sugar monomer ? - ANSWER glucose
what type of bond links sugars? - ANSWER glycosidic linkage
what are the two types of glycosidic bonds? - ANSWER alpha (1/4 & 1/6) and
beta (1/4)
