HPHY 325 Exam 2 Questions With
Correct Answers
Function of serotonin - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-stomach muscle
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contraction
Function of histamine - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-stimulates HCl secretion
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Function of gastrin - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-stimulates HCl secretion
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Somatostatin - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Inhibits HCl secretion
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Function of gastric enteroendocrine cells - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
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secrete hormones, regulate digestive activity
| | | |
When your mouth waters because you are thinking about your favorite
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food which phase of gastric secretion is being activated? - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-cephalic phase |
Phase of gastric secretion stimulated by seeing, smelling, tasting, or
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thinking of food - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-cephalic
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,Phase of gastric secretion stimulated by the presence of food in the
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stomach - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-gastric
| | |
Phase of gastric secretion stimulated by the presence of chyme in the
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duodenum - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-intestinal| | |
What neurotransmitter does the vagus nerve release? - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-acetylcholine
How is acid secretion increased in the cephalic phase of gastric
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secretion? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Stimulus: See, smell, taste, think of
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food
Stimulates vagus nerve, which stimulates gastric enteroendocrine cells,
| | | | | | | |
increasing gastrin and histamine while decreasing somatostatin.
| | | | | | |
Acetylcholine also acts directly on parietal cells. All of these effects lead
| | | | | | | | | | | |
to increased secretion of HCl from parietal cells.
| | | | | | |
Phase of gastric secretion:
| | |
Before food enters stomach.
| | |
Prepares stomach to receive food.
| | | |
Increases secretion of HCl.
| | |
Duration: A few minutes - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Cephalic
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,How is acid secretion increased in the gastric phase of stomach acid
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secretion? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Food enters the stomach and
| | | | | | | |
stimulates the vagus nerve, which stimulates gastric enteroendocrine
| | | | | | | |
cells, increasing the release of gastrin and histamine, while inhibiting
| | | | | | | | | |
the release of somatostatin. Gastrin also leads to partially digested
| | | | | | | | | |
proteins that also stimulate gastric enteroendocrine cells to modulate
| | | | | | | | |
hormone release (positive feedback). Gastrin release is also stimulated
| | | | | | | | |
by caffeine and rising pH. All of these hormones, and Ach directly, act on
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
parietal cells to increase HCl in the stomach.
| | | | | | | |
Phase of gastric secretion:
| | |
Stimulated by distention of the stomach (Stretch receptors) -->
| | | | | | | |
Long/short reflexes.
| |
Also stimulated by partially digested proteins, caffeine, increased pH
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(chemoreceptors) --> gastrin (G cells). | | | |
Inhibited by low pH (decreased release of gastrin, somatostatin release).
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Also inhibited by anything triggering SNS.
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Lasts about 3-4 hours. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-gastric
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List 4 things that stimulate the release of gastrin - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-Ach, caffeine, rising pH (presence of food/protein), | | | | | | |
partially digested protein | |
, List two ways that acid secretion is inhibited - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | | |
low pH (inhibits gastrin secretion, stimulates release of somatostatin),
| | | | | | | | |
increased SNS |
How is HCl secretion increased in the intestinal phase of gastric
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secretion? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Stimulated by chyme entering the
| | | | | | | |
duodenum, which stimulates intestinal enteroendocrine cells,
| | | | | |
increasing intestinal gastrin, which stimulates parietal cells. Parietal cells
| | | | | | | |
|release HCl. |
Phase of gastric secretion:
| | |
When chyme enters the duodenum (distention/partially digested food).
| | | | | | |
Brief stimulation, then inhibition of gastric secretion. - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-intestinal
How is HCl secretion decreased in the intestinal phase of gastric
| | | | | | | | | | |
secretion? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-(stimulated by chyme in the
| | | | | | | |
duodenum-- distention and fatty/acidic/hypertonic chyme) | | | | |
Enterogastric reflex (increased SNS, decreased vagus nerve, decreased
| | | | | | | |
ENS), enteroendocrine cells (increased secretin and CCK)
| | | | | |
True or false: The same stimuli and effectors that cause a decrease in
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
secretion from the stomach also decrease stomach contraction and the
| | | | | | | | | |
rate of stomach emptying - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-true
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Correct Answers
Function of serotonin - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-stomach muscle
| | | | | | |
contraction
Function of histamine - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-stimulates HCl secretion
| | | | | | |
Function of gastrin - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-stimulates HCl secretion
| | | | | | |
Somatostatin - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Inhibits HCl secretion
| | | | |
Function of gastric enteroendocrine cells - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | |
secrete hormones, regulate digestive activity
| | | |
When your mouth waters because you are thinking about your favorite
| | | | | | | | | | |
food which phase of gastric secretion is being activated? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-cephalic phase |
Phase of gastric secretion stimulated by seeing, smelling, tasting, or
| | | | | | | | | |
thinking of food - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-cephalic
| | | | |
,Phase of gastric secretion stimulated by the presence of food in the
| | | | | | | | | | | |
stomach - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-gastric
| | |
Phase of gastric secretion stimulated by the presence of chyme in the
| | | | | | | | | | | |
duodenum - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-intestinal| | |
What neurotransmitter does the vagus nerve release? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-acetylcholine
How is acid secretion increased in the cephalic phase of gastric
| | | | | | | | | | |
secretion? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Stimulus: See, smell, taste, think of
| | | | | | | | |
food
Stimulates vagus nerve, which stimulates gastric enteroendocrine cells,
| | | | | | | |
increasing gastrin and histamine while decreasing somatostatin.
| | | | | | |
Acetylcholine also acts directly on parietal cells. All of these effects lead
| | | | | | | | | | | |
to increased secretion of HCl from parietal cells.
| | | | | | |
Phase of gastric secretion:
| | |
Before food enters stomach.
| | |
Prepares stomach to receive food.
| | | |
Increases secretion of HCl.
| | |
Duration: A few minutes - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Cephalic
| | | | | |
,How is acid secretion increased in the gastric phase of stomach acid
| | | | | | | | | | | |
secretion? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Food enters the stomach and
| | | | | | | |
stimulates the vagus nerve, which stimulates gastric enteroendocrine
| | | | | | | |
cells, increasing the release of gastrin and histamine, while inhibiting
| | | | | | | | | |
the release of somatostatin. Gastrin also leads to partially digested
| | | | | | | | | |
proteins that also stimulate gastric enteroendocrine cells to modulate
| | | | | | | | |
hormone release (positive feedback). Gastrin release is also stimulated
| | | | | | | | |
by caffeine and rising pH. All of these hormones, and Ach directly, act on
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
parietal cells to increase HCl in the stomach.
| | | | | | | |
Phase of gastric secretion:
| | |
Stimulated by distention of the stomach (Stretch receptors) -->
| | | | | | | |
Long/short reflexes.
| |
Also stimulated by partially digested proteins, caffeine, increased pH
| | | | | | | | |
(chemoreceptors) --> gastrin (G cells). | | | |
Inhibited by low pH (decreased release of gastrin, somatostatin release).
| | | | | | | | |
Also inhibited by anything triggering SNS.
| | | | |
Lasts about 3-4 hours. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-gastric
| | | | | |
List 4 things that stimulate the release of gastrin - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-Ach, caffeine, rising pH (presence of food/protein), | | | | | | |
partially digested protein | |
, List two ways that acid secretion is inhibited - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | | |
low pH (inhibits gastrin secretion, stimulates release of somatostatin),
| | | | | | | | |
increased SNS |
How is HCl secretion increased in the intestinal phase of gastric
| | | | | | | | | | |
secretion? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Stimulated by chyme entering the
| | | | | | | |
duodenum, which stimulates intestinal enteroendocrine cells,
| | | | | |
increasing intestinal gastrin, which stimulates parietal cells. Parietal cells
| | | | | | | |
|release HCl. |
Phase of gastric secretion:
| | |
When chyme enters the duodenum (distention/partially digested food).
| | | | | | |
Brief stimulation, then inhibition of gastric secretion. - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-intestinal
How is HCl secretion decreased in the intestinal phase of gastric
| | | | | | | | | | |
secretion? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-(stimulated by chyme in the
| | | | | | | |
duodenum-- distention and fatty/acidic/hypertonic chyme) | | | | |
Enterogastric reflex (increased SNS, decreased vagus nerve, decreased
| | | | | | | |
ENS), enteroendocrine cells (increased secretin and CCK)
| | | | | |
True or false: The same stimuli and effectors that cause a decrease in
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
secretion from the stomach also decrease stomach contraction and the
| | | | | | | | | |
rate of stomach emptying - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-true
| | | | | |
