PAT MODULES 1-6 FINAL TEST 2026
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ What is the private address range for this prefix: 10.0.0.0/8.
Answer: 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 (Mod. 6.1.1)
◍ What is the private address range for this prefix: 172.16.0.0/12.
Answer: 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 (Mod. 6.1.1)
◍ What is the private address range for this prefix: 192.168.0.0/16.
Answer: 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 (Mod. 6.1.1)
◍ What is NAT?.
Answer: Network Address Translation, it translates a private address from
an internal network into a public address to allow access to the internet
(Mod. 6.1.2)
◍ Pathophysiology is defined as not only the cellular and organ changes that
occur with disease, but also the effects that these changes have on total body
function..
Answer: What is the definition of "pathophysiology"?
◍ NAT 4 types of Addresses: Inside Local:.
Answer: this is the source address seen from inside the network(private
address) (Mod. 6.1.4)
◍ NAT 4 types of Addresses: Inside Global Address:.
Answer: source address seen from outside the network (public address)
(Mod. 6.1.4)
◍ NAT 4 types of Addresses: Outside Global Address:.
Answer: the destination address seen from the outside network (Mod. 6.1.4)
,◍ NAT 4 types of Addresses: Outside Local Address:.
Answer: The destination address seen from inside the network. Usually the
same as outside global addresses (Mod. 6.1.4)
◍ What kind of mapping of local & global addresses does static NAT use?
Where is it typically used in?.
Answer: one to one mapping: Static NAT is typically used for servers or
devices that need to have the same addresses. (Mod. 6.2.1)
◍ Biologic agents (bacteria, viruses), physical forces (trauma, burns,
radiation), chemical agents (poisons, alcohol), one’s genetic inheritance, and
nutritional excesses or deficiencies..
Answer: Name the 5 etiologic factors and give an example if listed.
◍ How is Dynamic NAT used?.
Answer: it uses a pool of public addresses that are assigned on a first come
first serve (Mod. 6.2.2)
◍ Risk factors can be categorized as congenital conditions (present at birth) or
acquired defects (occurring after birth)..
Answer: What are the 2 types of risk factors?
◍ How is PAT used:.
Answer: Port Address Translation use a one to many mapping of multiple
private addresses to 1 public address. this is possible by assigning a
addressing with an source port number (Mod. 6.2.3)
◍ What are the 3 port groups PAT is able to use?.
Answer: 0-511, 512-1023 & 1024-65535 (Mod. 6.2.5)
◍ Comparisons between NAT & PAT: What are the 3 main functions of NAT.
Answer: - One to One mapping of inside local & global addresses- Uses
only IPv4 for translation process- A unique global address is required for
each inside host (Mod. 6.2.5)
◍ Morphology is defined as the fundamental structure or form of cells or
tissues. Histology is the study of the cells and extracellular matrix of body
, tissues..
Answer: What is the difference between morphology and histology?
◍ A symptom is a subjective complaint, for example pain, trouble breathing,
or dizziness. A sign is an objective manifestation, for example an elevated
temperature, a swollen extremity, or changes in pupil size..
Answer: Describe the difference between signs and symptoms and give an
example of each.
◍ The diagnostic process requires a careful history, physical examination (PE),
and sometimes diagnostic tests..
Answer: What are 3 important processes when coming to a diagnosis?
◍ Comparisons between NAT & PAT: What are the 3 main functions of PAT.
Answer: - One to many mapping of inside local/global addresses- Uses IPv4
and TCP/UDP source port numbers in translation process- A single unique
global address can be shared with many inside hosts(Mod. 6.2.5)
◍ Validity is how a tool measures what it is intended to measure. Reliability is
how likely the same result will occur if repeated. Sensitivity is the
proportion of people with a disease who are positive for that disease.
Specificity are people without the disease who are negative on a given test..
Answer: Explain validity, reliability, sensitivity, and specificity.
◍ Epidemiology is the study of disease occurrence in human populations. It
tracks age, race, dietary habits, lifestyle, or geographic location..
Answer: Define epidemiology and name some things that it tracks.
◍ Incidence is the number of new cases in a population at risk during a
specified time. Prevalence is the number of people with the disease in a
population in a given time..
Answer: What is the difference between incidence and prevalence?
◍ Morbidity is the effect of an illness on one’s life. Mortality statistics deal
with the cause of death in a population..
Answer: Define mortality and morbidity.
, ◍ What are Advantages of NAT?.
Answer: - Conserves public addressing- Increases flexibility of connections
to public networks - Provides consistent internal network addressing- Hides
the IPv4 addresses of users(Mod. 6.3.1)
◍ What are the disadvantages of NAT?.
Answer: - Increases forward delays- No end to end addressing- No end to
end traceability- NAT complicates the use of tunneling protocols because it
modifies values at the header causing integrity checks to fail- Services that
require the initiation of TCP connections from the outside network can be
disrupted(Mod. 6.3.2)
◍ Primary prevention is to remove risk factors to prevent disease from
occurring- taking folic acid while pregnant to prevent neural tube defects,
vaccinating children to prevent communicable disease, eating healthy and
exercising to prevent heart disease, and wearing seatbelts or helmets.
Secondary prevention aims to detect and treat disease early, usually while
the disease is asymptomatic and curable- annual Pap smears to detect early
cervical cancer, encouraging smoking cessation, checking blood pressure
and cholesterol, and colonoscopy screening. Tertiary prevention occurs after
a disease has been diagnosed and clinical intervention is needed to reduce
complications or deterioration- certain medications one must take after a
heart attack to help reduce the risk of a future event or death..
Answer: Define primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention and give an
example of each.
◍ Evidence-based practice is the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of
current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual
patients. This is to counteract “the way things have always been done,” and
to practice based on clinical research..
Answer: Why is evidence-based practice important?
◍ What is the 1st step to configure Static NAT Translations? What command
is used to do this?.
Answer: Create a mapping between the inside local and inside global with
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ What is the private address range for this prefix: 10.0.0.0/8.
Answer: 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 (Mod. 6.1.1)
◍ What is the private address range for this prefix: 172.16.0.0/12.
Answer: 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 (Mod. 6.1.1)
◍ What is the private address range for this prefix: 192.168.0.0/16.
Answer: 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 (Mod. 6.1.1)
◍ What is NAT?.
Answer: Network Address Translation, it translates a private address from
an internal network into a public address to allow access to the internet
(Mod. 6.1.2)
◍ Pathophysiology is defined as not only the cellular and organ changes that
occur with disease, but also the effects that these changes have on total body
function..
Answer: What is the definition of "pathophysiology"?
◍ NAT 4 types of Addresses: Inside Local:.
Answer: this is the source address seen from inside the network(private
address) (Mod. 6.1.4)
◍ NAT 4 types of Addresses: Inside Global Address:.
Answer: source address seen from outside the network (public address)
(Mod. 6.1.4)
◍ NAT 4 types of Addresses: Outside Global Address:.
Answer: the destination address seen from the outside network (Mod. 6.1.4)
,◍ NAT 4 types of Addresses: Outside Local Address:.
Answer: The destination address seen from inside the network. Usually the
same as outside global addresses (Mod. 6.1.4)
◍ What kind of mapping of local & global addresses does static NAT use?
Where is it typically used in?.
Answer: one to one mapping: Static NAT is typically used for servers or
devices that need to have the same addresses. (Mod. 6.2.1)
◍ Biologic agents (bacteria, viruses), physical forces (trauma, burns,
radiation), chemical agents (poisons, alcohol), one’s genetic inheritance, and
nutritional excesses or deficiencies..
Answer: Name the 5 etiologic factors and give an example if listed.
◍ How is Dynamic NAT used?.
Answer: it uses a pool of public addresses that are assigned on a first come
first serve (Mod. 6.2.2)
◍ Risk factors can be categorized as congenital conditions (present at birth) or
acquired defects (occurring after birth)..
Answer: What are the 2 types of risk factors?
◍ How is PAT used:.
Answer: Port Address Translation use a one to many mapping of multiple
private addresses to 1 public address. this is possible by assigning a
addressing with an source port number (Mod. 6.2.3)
◍ What are the 3 port groups PAT is able to use?.
Answer: 0-511, 512-1023 & 1024-65535 (Mod. 6.2.5)
◍ Comparisons between NAT & PAT: What are the 3 main functions of NAT.
Answer: - One to One mapping of inside local & global addresses- Uses
only IPv4 for translation process- A unique global address is required for
each inside host (Mod. 6.2.5)
◍ Morphology is defined as the fundamental structure or form of cells or
tissues. Histology is the study of the cells and extracellular matrix of body
, tissues..
Answer: What is the difference between morphology and histology?
◍ A symptom is a subjective complaint, for example pain, trouble breathing,
or dizziness. A sign is an objective manifestation, for example an elevated
temperature, a swollen extremity, or changes in pupil size..
Answer: Describe the difference between signs and symptoms and give an
example of each.
◍ The diagnostic process requires a careful history, physical examination (PE),
and sometimes diagnostic tests..
Answer: What are 3 important processes when coming to a diagnosis?
◍ Comparisons between NAT & PAT: What are the 3 main functions of PAT.
Answer: - One to many mapping of inside local/global addresses- Uses IPv4
and TCP/UDP source port numbers in translation process- A single unique
global address can be shared with many inside hosts(Mod. 6.2.5)
◍ Validity is how a tool measures what it is intended to measure. Reliability is
how likely the same result will occur if repeated. Sensitivity is the
proportion of people with a disease who are positive for that disease.
Specificity are people without the disease who are negative on a given test..
Answer: Explain validity, reliability, sensitivity, and specificity.
◍ Epidemiology is the study of disease occurrence in human populations. It
tracks age, race, dietary habits, lifestyle, or geographic location..
Answer: Define epidemiology and name some things that it tracks.
◍ Incidence is the number of new cases in a population at risk during a
specified time. Prevalence is the number of people with the disease in a
population in a given time..
Answer: What is the difference between incidence and prevalence?
◍ Morbidity is the effect of an illness on one’s life. Mortality statistics deal
with the cause of death in a population..
Answer: Define mortality and morbidity.
, ◍ What are Advantages of NAT?.
Answer: - Conserves public addressing- Increases flexibility of connections
to public networks - Provides consistent internal network addressing- Hides
the IPv4 addresses of users(Mod. 6.3.1)
◍ What are the disadvantages of NAT?.
Answer: - Increases forward delays- No end to end addressing- No end to
end traceability- NAT complicates the use of tunneling protocols because it
modifies values at the header causing integrity checks to fail- Services that
require the initiation of TCP connections from the outside network can be
disrupted(Mod. 6.3.2)
◍ Primary prevention is to remove risk factors to prevent disease from
occurring- taking folic acid while pregnant to prevent neural tube defects,
vaccinating children to prevent communicable disease, eating healthy and
exercising to prevent heart disease, and wearing seatbelts or helmets.
Secondary prevention aims to detect and treat disease early, usually while
the disease is asymptomatic and curable- annual Pap smears to detect early
cervical cancer, encouraging smoking cessation, checking blood pressure
and cholesterol, and colonoscopy screening. Tertiary prevention occurs after
a disease has been diagnosed and clinical intervention is needed to reduce
complications or deterioration- certain medications one must take after a
heart attack to help reduce the risk of a future event or death..
Answer: Define primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention and give an
example of each.
◍ Evidence-based practice is the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of
current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual
patients. This is to counteract “the way things have always been done,” and
to practice based on clinical research..
Answer: Why is evidence-based practice important?
◍ What is the 1st step to configure Static NAT Translations? What command
is used to do this?.
Answer: Create a mapping between the inside local and inside global with
