PAT 201 PRACTICE COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY GUIDE 2026 FULL QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ 1. A nurse caring for patients in the ICU develops values from experience to
form a personal code of ethics. Which statements best describe this process?
select all that apply.a. people are born with valuesb. values act as standards
to guide behaviorc. values are ranked on a continuum of importanced.
values influence beliefs about health and illnesse. value systems are not
related to personal codes of conductf. nurses should not let their values
influence patient care.
Answer: b, c, d
◍ How are secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and the perception of
thirst stimulated?.
Answer: Increase in plasma osmolality
◍ The nurse is assessing a client who has been experiencing a high fever with
excessive perspiration and diarrhea, with a plasma sodium level of 150
mmol/
L. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse associate with these
assessment findings?.
Answer: -Oliguria
◍ Which arterial blood gas values should the nurse associate with a client
reporting surgical pain who has a BP of 142/86, a heart rate of 104/minute,
and a respiratory rate of 34/minute?.
Answer: -pH 7.51, PCO2 29, HCO3- 24
◍ Which mechanisms would promote homeostasis when the pH is 7.2? -
acidic = build up of acids and lack of breathing.
, Answer: -Kussmaul respirations; kidneys reabsorb bicarbonate
◍ A 26-year-old client has been admitted with suspected hyponatremia after
drinking sevexral litres of tap water in a couple of hours. What would the
nurse assess for?.
Answer: Lethargy, headache, confusionApprehension, seizures, coma
◍ When treating fluid imbalances, which is the ultimate goal of care?.
Answer: -To diagnose and correct the underlying cause
◍ the nurse is caring for a client with a serum sodium level of 110 mmol/
L. Which solution will be used to treat this condition?.
Answer: -0.9% sodium chloride
◍ A pediatric nurse is assessing a 5 year old boy who has dietary
modifications related to his diabetes. His parents tell the nurse that they
want him to value good nutritional habits, so they decide to deprive him of a
favorite TV show when he becomes angry after they deny him foods not on
his diet. This is an example of what mode of value transmission?a.
modelingb. moralizingc. laissez faired. rewarding and punishing.
Answer: d
◍ A nurse who is working in a hospital setting used value clarification to help
understand the values that motivate patient behavior. Which examples
denote "prizing" in the process of values clarification? Select all that apply.
a. a patient decides to quit smoking following a diagnosis of lung cancerb. a
patient shows off a new outfit that she is wearing after losing 20 lbs c. a
patient chooses to work fewer hours following a stress-related myocardial
infarctiond. a patient incorporates a new low cholesterol diet into his daily
routinee. a patient joins a gym and schedules classes throughout the yearf. a
patient proudly displays his certificate for completing a marathon.
Answer: b, f
◍ Which intravenous solution ordered by the doctor replaces an intracellular
fluid volume deficit?.
Answer: -isotonic
, ◍ a nurse incorporates the "five values that epitomize the caring professional
nurse" (identified by the american association of colleges of nursing) into a
home health care nursing practice. Which attribute is best described as
acting in accordance with an appropriate code of ethics and accepted
standards of practice?a. altruismb. autonomyc. human dignityd. integrity.
Answer: d
◍ A nurse caring for patients in an institutional setting expresses a
commitment to social justice. What actions best exemplifies this attribute?a.
providing honest information to patients and the publicb. promoting
universal access to health carec. planing care in partnership with patientsd.
documenting care accurately and honestly.
Answer: b
◍ What are the processes required to move large particles and particles with
electrical charges across membranes?.
Answer: -Diffusion and active transport
◍ A nurse is scheduled to administer a potassium supplement to a client.
Which priority action should the nurse take prior to administering the drug?.
Answer: -Check the client's potassium level from the morning labs.
◍ The nurse is caring for a client with an extracellular fluid volume deficit.
The nurse is aware that which compensatory mechanism is initiated in the
presence of an extracellular fluid volume deficit?.
Answer: -Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
◍ -The nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
who has polycythemia (an increased number of RBCs). What is the most
likely cause of this finding?.
Answer: -Significant hypoxemia
◍ Which laboratory value is most important for the nurse to report to the
doctor?.
Answer: -Potassium 2.9 mmol/
STUDY GUIDE 2026 FULL QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ 1. A nurse caring for patients in the ICU develops values from experience to
form a personal code of ethics. Which statements best describe this process?
select all that apply.a. people are born with valuesb. values act as standards
to guide behaviorc. values are ranked on a continuum of importanced.
values influence beliefs about health and illnesse. value systems are not
related to personal codes of conductf. nurses should not let their values
influence patient care.
Answer: b, c, d
◍ How are secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and the perception of
thirst stimulated?.
Answer: Increase in plasma osmolality
◍ The nurse is assessing a client who has been experiencing a high fever with
excessive perspiration and diarrhea, with a plasma sodium level of 150
mmol/
L. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse associate with these
assessment findings?.
Answer: -Oliguria
◍ Which arterial blood gas values should the nurse associate with a client
reporting surgical pain who has a BP of 142/86, a heart rate of 104/minute,
and a respiratory rate of 34/minute?.
Answer: -pH 7.51, PCO2 29, HCO3- 24
◍ Which mechanisms would promote homeostasis when the pH is 7.2? -
acidic = build up of acids and lack of breathing.
, Answer: -Kussmaul respirations; kidneys reabsorb bicarbonate
◍ A 26-year-old client has been admitted with suspected hyponatremia after
drinking sevexral litres of tap water in a couple of hours. What would the
nurse assess for?.
Answer: Lethargy, headache, confusionApprehension, seizures, coma
◍ When treating fluid imbalances, which is the ultimate goal of care?.
Answer: -To diagnose and correct the underlying cause
◍ the nurse is caring for a client with a serum sodium level of 110 mmol/
L. Which solution will be used to treat this condition?.
Answer: -0.9% sodium chloride
◍ A pediatric nurse is assessing a 5 year old boy who has dietary
modifications related to his diabetes. His parents tell the nurse that they
want him to value good nutritional habits, so they decide to deprive him of a
favorite TV show when he becomes angry after they deny him foods not on
his diet. This is an example of what mode of value transmission?a.
modelingb. moralizingc. laissez faired. rewarding and punishing.
Answer: d
◍ A nurse who is working in a hospital setting used value clarification to help
understand the values that motivate patient behavior. Which examples
denote "prizing" in the process of values clarification? Select all that apply.
a. a patient decides to quit smoking following a diagnosis of lung cancerb. a
patient shows off a new outfit that she is wearing after losing 20 lbs c. a
patient chooses to work fewer hours following a stress-related myocardial
infarctiond. a patient incorporates a new low cholesterol diet into his daily
routinee. a patient joins a gym and schedules classes throughout the yearf. a
patient proudly displays his certificate for completing a marathon.
Answer: b, f
◍ Which intravenous solution ordered by the doctor replaces an intracellular
fluid volume deficit?.
Answer: -isotonic
, ◍ a nurse incorporates the "five values that epitomize the caring professional
nurse" (identified by the american association of colleges of nursing) into a
home health care nursing practice. Which attribute is best described as
acting in accordance with an appropriate code of ethics and accepted
standards of practice?a. altruismb. autonomyc. human dignityd. integrity.
Answer: d
◍ A nurse caring for patients in an institutional setting expresses a
commitment to social justice. What actions best exemplifies this attribute?a.
providing honest information to patients and the publicb. promoting
universal access to health carec. planing care in partnership with patientsd.
documenting care accurately and honestly.
Answer: b
◍ What are the processes required to move large particles and particles with
electrical charges across membranes?.
Answer: -Diffusion and active transport
◍ A nurse is scheduled to administer a potassium supplement to a client.
Which priority action should the nurse take prior to administering the drug?.
Answer: -Check the client's potassium level from the morning labs.
◍ The nurse is caring for a client with an extracellular fluid volume deficit.
The nurse is aware that which compensatory mechanism is initiated in the
presence of an extracellular fluid volume deficit?.
Answer: -Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
◍ -The nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
who has polycythemia (an increased number of RBCs). What is the most
likely cause of this finding?.
Answer: -Significant hypoxemia
◍ Which laboratory value is most important for the nurse to report to the
doctor?.
Answer: -Potassium 2.9 mmol/
