EBIO 2070 Exam #2 Questions and Correct
Answers
amino acid and protein structure criteria
1. all have amino group NH2
2. all have a hydrogen attached to alpha carbon
3. all have carboxyl group
4. R group differs among amino acids (another H atom, methyl group, ring structure)
making a peptide bond
during translation, you will choose two particular amino acids and form a covalent bond between
them
polypeptide
multiple amino acids that have amino end and carboxyl end
codon
sequence of three ribonucleotides and particular amino acid it encodes
translation starts
AUG: methionine
protein coding portion of mRNA
flanked by 5' and 3' untranslated regions
-flanked with start codon, ends in stop codon, nucleotides thay are not translated
open reading frame
, space between start codon and stop codon
tRNA
contain an attachment site for a specific amino acid and an anticodon that is complementary and
antiparallel to one of the codons for the AA
-single stranded RNA molecules that are capable of base pairing with themselves to form regions
that are double helical
-get transcribed to form functional tRNA but do not get translated
anticodon
stretch of three nucleotides
-complementary and antiparallel to mRNA
-has 3' end that amino acid attaches to covalently
nontemplate strand (looks like mRNA)
5' to 3'
tRNA anticodon sequence (looks like template strand)
3' to 5'
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
attaches an amino acid to its tRNA to form a charged tRNA
-a protein that attaches amino acid to tRNA and synthesizes tRNA covalently bonded to amino
acid
-protein recognizes shape of AA
Answers
amino acid and protein structure criteria
1. all have amino group NH2
2. all have a hydrogen attached to alpha carbon
3. all have carboxyl group
4. R group differs among amino acids (another H atom, methyl group, ring structure)
making a peptide bond
during translation, you will choose two particular amino acids and form a covalent bond between
them
polypeptide
multiple amino acids that have amino end and carboxyl end
codon
sequence of three ribonucleotides and particular amino acid it encodes
translation starts
AUG: methionine
protein coding portion of mRNA
flanked by 5' and 3' untranslated regions
-flanked with start codon, ends in stop codon, nucleotides thay are not translated
open reading frame
, space between start codon and stop codon
tRNA
contain an attachment site for a specific amino acid and an anticodon that is complementary and
antiparallel to one of the codons for the AA
-single stranded RNA molecules that are capable of base pairing with themselves to form regions
that are double helical
-get transcribed to form functional tRNA but do not get translated
anticodon
stretch of three nucleotides
-complementary and antiparallel to mRNA
-has 3' end that amino acid attaches to covalently
nontemplate strand (looks like mRNA)
5' to 3'
tRNA anticodon sequence (looks like template strand)
3' to 5'
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
attaches an amino acid to its tRNA to form a charged tRNA
-a protein that attaches amino acid to tRNA and synthesizes tRNA covalently bonded to amino
acid
-protein recognizes shape of AA
