EMT FISDAP Final
Examination|||questions and answers
with rationales/graded A+/2026
update/100% correct /instant
download
A Comprehensive 85-Question Practice Test for NREMT Certification (2026
Updated Edition)
Exam Instructions:
• This examination contains 85 multiple-choice questions covering all major
EMT content areas
• Select the single best answer for each question
• Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet
• You have 120 minutes to complete this examination
• Questions are based on the National EMS Education Standards and current
AHA Guidelines
Section 1: Airway Management & Respiratory Emergencies (Questions 1-18)
Question 1
An unresponsive 68-year-old male is found supine in bed. His snoring respirations
are inadequate at 8 breaths per minute. What is your FIRST action?
A) Insert an oropharyngeal airway
B) Apply a non-rebreather mask at 15 L/min
C) Perform the head-tilt chin-lift maneuver
D) Begin bag-valve-mask ventilation with supplemental oxygen
Correct Answer: C) Perform the head-tilt chin-lift maneuver
,Rationale: Before any airway adjunct or ventilation device can be effective, the
airway must be opened. The snoring sound indicates the tongue is partially
obstructing the pharynx. The head-tilt chin-lift maneuver lifts the tongue away
from the posterior pharynx, opening the airway. Once the airway is open, reassess
breathing and then consider an OPA if the patient remains unresponsive without a
gag reflex .
Question 2
Which airway adjunct is MOST appropriate for a semiconscious 45-year-old
patient with an intact gag reflex following a seizure?
A) Oropharyngeal airway (OPA)
B) Nasopharyngeal airway (NPA)
C) Endotracheal tube
D) King LT airway
Correct Answer: B) Nasopharyngeal airway (NPA)
Rationale: The NPA is the preferred adjunct for patients with an intact gag reflex
because it does not stimulate the posterior pharynx. Insertion of an OPA in a patient
with a gag reflex will likely trigger vomiting and aspiration. The NPA can be
tolerated by semiconscious patients and maintains airway patency by preventing
the tongue from obstructing the oropharynx .
Question 3
A patient with suspected cervical spine injury following a diving accident requires
airway management. Which maneuver should you use?
A) Head-tilt chin-lift
B) Modified jaw-thrust maneuver
C) Hyperextension of the neck
D) Triple airway maneuver
Correct Answer: B) Modified jaw-thrust maneuver
Rationale: The jaw-thrust maneuver is the recommended technique for opening
the airway when cervical spine injury is suspected. It lifts the mandible forward
without extending the neck, minimizing movement of the cervical spine. The head-
,tilt chin-lift would require neck extension, which could worsen a potential spinal
injury .
Question 4
You are ventilating an apneic 72-year-old patient with a bag-valve-mask device.
You observe visible chest rise with each ventilation. What does this indicate?
A) The patient is breathing spontaneously
B) Air is entering the lungs adequately
C) Gastric distension is occurring
D) The ventilation rate is too fast
Correct Answer: B) Air is entering the lungs adequately
Rationale: Visible chest rise is the primary indicator of adequate artificial
ventilation. It confirms that air is entering the lungs rather than the stomach. Each
ventilation should be delivered over approximately 1 second with enough volume
to produce visible chest rise. Gastric distension would be indicated by epigastric
swelling without corresponding chest rise .
Question 5
What is the correct ventilation rate for an adult patient in respiratory arrest with an
advanced airway in place?
A) 5-6 breaths per minute
B) 8-10 breaths per minute
C) 10-12 breaths per minute
D) 12-20 breaths per minute
Correct Answer: B) 8-10 breaths per minute
Rationale: Current AHA guidelines recommend ventilating an adult patient with
an advanced airway at a rate of 8-10 breaths per minute (one breath every 6-8
seconds) without interrupting chest compressions. This rate provides adequate
oxygenation while avoiding hyperventilation, which can decrease venous return
and reduce coronary perfusion pressure .
, Question 6
A 56-year-old male with a history of COPD presents with severe respiratory
distress, tripod positioning, and audible wheezing. Vital signs: BP 160/94, HR 128,
RR 32, SpO₂ 88% on room air. What is the most appropriate initial intervention?
A) Administer 4 mg IV morphine for anxiety
B) Apply high-flow oxygen via non-rebreather mask and assist with prescribed
albuterol nebulizer
C) Perform immediate endotracheal intubation
D) Administer oral glucose for possible hypoglycemia
Correct Answer: B) Apply high-flow oxygen via non-rebreather mask and
assist with prescribed albuterol nebulizer
Rationale: This patient is in acute respiratory distress with hypoxemia. High-flow
oxygen and bronchodilators are first-line treatments for suspected asthma or COPD
exacerbation. The tripod positioning and wheezing indicate significant airway
resistance. While intubation may eventually be needed for impending respiratory
failure, it is not the initial intervention. Morphine would depress respiration and is
contraindicated .
Question 7
During suctioning of an adult patient's airway, what is the maximum duration for
each suction attempt?
A) 5 seconds
B) 10 seconds
C) 15 seconds
D) 30 seconds
Correct Answer: C) 15 seconds
Rationale: Suctioning should be limited to 15 seconds per attempt in adults to
prevent hypoxia. Prolonged suctioning removes oxygen from the airway and can
cause bradycardia from vagal stimulation. Before and after suctioning, the patient
should be pre-oxygenated with 100% oxygen. In children the limit is 10 seconds
and in infants 5 seconds .
Examination|||questions and answers
with rationales/graded A+/2026
update/100% correct /instant
download
A Comprehensive 85-Question Practice Test for NREMT Certification (2026
Updated Edition)
Exam Instructions:
• This examination contains 85 multiple-choice questions covering all major
EMT content areas
• Select the single best answer for each question
• Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet
• You have 120 minutes to complete this examination
• Questions are based on the National EMS Education Standards and current
AHA Guidelines
Section 1: Airway Management & Respiratory Emergencies (Questions 1-18)
Question 1
An unresponsive 68-year-old male is found supine in bed. His snoring respirations
are inadequate at 8 breaths per minute. What is your FIRST action?
A) Insert an oropharyngeal airway
B) Apply a non-rebreather mask at 15 L/min
C) Perform the head-tilt chin-lift maneuver
D) Begin bag-valve-mask ventilation with supplemental oxygen
Correct Answer: C) Perform the head-tilt chin-lift maneuver
,Rationale: Before any airway adjunct or ventilation device can be effective, the
airway must be opened. The snoring sound indicates the tongue is partially
obstructing the pharynx. The head-tilt chin-lift maneuver lifts the tongue away
from the posterior pharynx, opening the airway. Once the airway is open, reassess
breathing and then consider an OPA if the patient remains unresponsive without a
gag reflex .
Question 2
Which airway adjunct is MOST appropriate for a semiconscious 45-year-old
patient with an intact gag reflex following a seizure?
A) Oropharyngeal airway (OPA)
B) Nasopharyngeal airway (NPA)
C) Endotracheal tube
D) King LT airway
Correct Answer: B) Nasopharyngeal airway (NPA)
Rationale: The NPA is the preferred adjunct for patients with an intact gag reflex
because it does not stimulate the posterior pharynx. Insertion of an OPA in a patient
with a gag reflex will likely trigger vomiting and aspiration. The NPA can be
tolerated by semiconscious patients and maintains airway patency by preventing
the tongue from obstructing the oropharynx .
Question 3
A patient with suspected cervical spine injury following a diving accident requires
airway management. Which maneuver should you use?
A) Head-tilt chin-lift
B) Modified jaw-thrust maneuver
C) Hyperextension of the neck
D) Triple airway maneuver
Correct Answer: B) Modified jaw-thrust maneuver
Rationale: The jaw-thrust maneuver is the recommended technique for opening
the airway when cervical spine injury is suspected. It lifts the mandible forward
without extending the neck, minimizing movement of the cervical spine. The head-
,tilt chin-lift would require neck extension, which could worsen a potential spinal
injury .
Question 4
You are ventilating an apneic 72-year-old patient with a bag-valve-mask device.
You observe visible chest rise with each ventilation. What does this indicate?
A) The patient is breathing spontaneously
B) Air is entering the lungs adequately
C) Gastric distension is occurring
D) The ventilation rate is too fast
Correct Answer: B) Air is entering the lungs adequately
Rationale: Visible chest rise is the primary indicator of adequate artificial
ventilation. It confirms that air is entering the lungs rather than the stomach. Each
ventilation should be delivered over approximately 1 second with enough volume
to produce visible chest rise. Gastric distension would be indicated by epigastric
swelling without corresponding chest rise .
Question 5
What is the correct ventilation rate for an adult patient in respiratory arrest with an
advanced airway in place?
A) 5-6 breaths per minute
B) 8-10 breaths per minute
C) 10-12 breaths per minute
D) 12-20 breaths per minute
Correct Answer: B) 8-10 breaths per minute
Rationale: Current AHA guidelines recommend ventilating an adult patient with
an advanced airway at a rate of 8-10 breaths per minute (one breath every 6-8
seconds) without interrupting chest compressions. This rate provides adequate
oxygenation while avoiding hyperventilation, which can decrease venous return
and reduce coronary perfusion pressure .
, Question 6
A 56-year-old male with a history of COPD presents with severe respiratory
distress, tripod positioning, and audible wheezing. Vital signs: BP 160/94, HR 128,
RR 32, SpO₂ 88% on room air. What is the most appropriate initial intervention?
A) Administer 4 mg IV morphine for anxiety
B) Apply high-flow oxygen via non-rebreather mask and assist with prescribed
albuterol nebulizer
C) Perform immediate endotracheal intubation
D) Administer oral glucose for possible hypoglycemia
Correct Answer: B) Apply high-flow oxygen via non-rebreather mask and
assist with prescribed albuterol nebulizer
Rationale: This patient is in acute respiratory distress with hypoxemia. High-flow
oxygen and bronchodilators are first-line treatments for suspected asthma or COPD
exacerbation. The tripod positioning and wheezing indicate significant airway
resistance. While intubation may eventually be needed for impending respiratory
failure, it is not the initial intervention. Morphine would depress respiration and is
contraindicated .
Question 7
During suctioning of an adult patient's airway, what is the maximum duration for
each suction attempt?
A) 5 seconds
B) 10 seconds
C) 15 seconds
D) 30 seconds
Correct Answer: C) 15 seconds
Rationale: Suctioning should be limited to 15 seconds per attempt in adults to
prevent hypoxia. Prolonged suctioning removes oxygen from the airway and can
cause bradycardia from vagal stimulation. Before and after suctioning, the patient
should be pre-oxygenated with 100% oxygen. In children the limit is 10 seconds
and in infants 5 seconds .
