SPCE 630: Chapter 8: Visual Analysis of Graphic Data Comprehensive Guide With Rationales.

Formative visual analysis - correct answers is conducted within and across conditions to identify behavior change during the course of a study. behavior change - correct answers occurrs when data patterns in one condition are different from data patterns in the subsequent, adjacent condition for the same variable(s). summative visual analysis - correct answers is conducted following study completion, across multiple opportunities to demonstrate behavior change to determine whether a functional relation exists between the indepent variable and the dependent variable functional relations - correct answers when a relationship is determined to exist between the independent variable and the dependent variable. There needs to be 3 demonstrations of this effect in order for a relationship to be considered functional. Are unequivocal demonstrations that an independent variable (intervention) produced reliable and consistent change in a dependent variable (target behavior). adjacent conditions - correct answers when data in one condition differ from what is predicted based on the preceding condition, behavior change is demonstrated within condition visual analyses - correct answers are conducted to discern patterns within a single condition during a study. ___ of level, trend, and variability/stability are critical for determining when to change conditions, deciding whether adaptations need to be made, and providing information related to answering research questions. level - correct answers refers to the amount of behavior that occurs, as indicated by the ordinate scale value. level change - correct answers When a data series jump from a lower number to a higher number level stability - correct answers when data series become stable around a certain number on the Y axis. trend - correct answers is the slope and direction of a data series or the direction data are moving over time (increasing, decreasing, or remaining the same). trend direction - correct answers is referred to as acellerating (increasing in ordinate value over time), decelerating (decreasing in ordinate value over time), or zero celerating (data series is parallel to the abscissa). accelerating - correct answers increasing in ordinate value over time. decelerating - correct answers decreasing in ordinate value over time. zero celerating - correct answers data series is parallel to the abscissa. steep - correct answers a type of magnitude rapidly increasing or decreasing. gradual - correct answers a type of magnitude that slowly decreases or increases. trend stability - correct answers when data points are neither increasing or decreasing variability - correct answers is fluctuation from one data point to the next and is the opposite of stability; in data with no trend (zero-celerating), this can be summarized as the range of data values within a condition or as the percentage of data points falling within a given stability envelope. overlap - correct answers refers to values of data in one condition that are in the same range of values of data in the subsequent, adjacent condition. Can be reported as the proportion of data from one condition that is of the same level as data from an adjacent condition. immediacy of change - correct answers across adjacent conditions is the degree to which behavior change occurs as soon as the intervention is introduced. stability - correct answers is predictability and consistency of data values within a condition or lack of fluctuations in adjacent data points. between conditions visual analyses - correct answers is to identify if behavior change has occurred. consistency - correct answers refers to the extent to which data patterns in one condition are similar to data patterns in other conditions. potential demonstrations of effect - correct answers at lest 3 opportunities to demonstrate behavior change contingent on condition change demonstrations of effect - correct answers visual analysis suggests that consistent changes in data occur for all potential demonstrations magnitude - correct answers or amount of