PHY 111 FINAL EXAM PRACTICE EVALUATION 2026 QUESTION BANK
FULL SOLUTION SET (GUARANTEED PASS)
This comprehensive question bank covers the full PHY 111 syllabus,
including high-yield solutions for mechanics, thermodynamics, and
properties of matter. Each multiple-choice question is paired with a
verified answer and a detailed explanation to ensure students master
core physical principles and calculative steps. It is the ultimate study
resource for 2026 final exam preparation, designed to mirror the
difficulty and format of standard collegiate physics evaluations.
1. A vector quantity is best defined as a physical measurement that
possesses:
A. Magnitude only
B. Direction only
C. Both magnitude and direction
D. Neither magnitude nor direction
ANSWER: C. Both magnitude and direction
EXPLANATION: Unlike scalar quantities (like mass or temperature)
which only have a size, vectors (like velocity and force) require a
specific direction to be fully described. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
2. A ball is thrown horizontally from a cliff. Neglecting air
resistance, what happens to its horizontal velocity component
,during flight?
A. It increases due to gravity
B. It decreases until it reaches zero
C. It remains constant
D. It changes based on the mass of the ball
ANSWER: C. It remains constant
EXPLANATION: Gravity only acts vertically (downward). Since there
are no horizontal forces acting on the ball after release, its
horizontal velocity does not change.
3. If an object’s mass is doubled while the net force acting on it
remains the same, the acceleration will:
A. Double
B. Be reduced by half
C. Quadruple
D. Stay the same
ANSWER: B. Be reduced by half
EXPLANATION: According to Newton’s Second Law (\(F = ma\)),
acceleration is inversely proportional to mass. If mass increases by
a factor of 2, acceleration must decrease by a factor of 2.
4. Which of the following best describes the "Normal Force" acting
on an object resting on a flat table?
A. It is always equal to the object's mass
B. It acts parallel to the surface
C. It acts perpendicular to the surface
,D. It is a type of frictional force
ANSWER: C. It acts perpendicular to the surface
EXPLANATION: The term "normal" in physics means perpendicular.
The normal force is the support force exerted by a surface to
prevent an object from falling through it.
5. A 5 kg object is lifted 2 meters vertically. What is the work done
against gravity? (\(g = 9.8 \text{ m/s}^2\))
A. 10 J
B. 49 J
C. 98 J
D. 19.6 J
ANSWER: C. 98 J
EXPLANATION: Work is calculated as \(W = mgh\). Substituting the
values: \(5 \text{ kg} \times 9.8 \text{ m/s}^2 \times 2 \text{ m}
= 98 \text{ Joules}\).
6. In a perfectly elastic collision, which of the following is true?
A. Only momentum is conserved
B. Only kinetic energy is conserved
C. Both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved
D. Neither momentum nor kinetic energy are conserved
ANSWER: C. Both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved
EXPLANATION: An elastic collision is characterized by the total
system keeping its kinetic energy; in contrast, inelastic collisions
lose energy to heat or deformation.
, 7. Specific heat capacity is defined as the amount of heat required
to:
A. Melt 1 kg of a substance
B. Raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by \(1^{\circ }\text{C}\)
C. Boil 1 kg of a substance
D. Change the phase of a substance without a temperature change
ANSWER: B. Raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by
\(1^{\circ }\text{C}\)
EXPLANATION: Specific heat capacity (\(c\)) measures how much
energy a material absorbs per unit mass to change its temperature,
expressed as \(\text{J/kg}\cdot^\circ\text{C}\).
8. An object floating in water displaces a weight of fluid equal to:
A. Its own volume
B. Half of its weight
C. Its own weight
D. Double its weight
ANSWER: C. Its own weight
EXPLANATION: According to Archimedes' Principle, a floating object
displaces a weight of fluid exactly equal to the weight of the object
itself to maintain equilibrium.
9. The period of a simple pendulum depends primarily on:
A. The mass of the bob
B. The amplitude of the swing
C. The length of the string
FULL SOLUTION SET (GUARANTEED PASS)
This comprehensive question bank covers the full PHY 111 syllabus,
including high-yield solutions for mechanics, thermodynamics, and
properties of matter. Each multiple-choice question is paired with a
verified answer and a detailed explanation to ensure students master
core physical principles and calculative steps. It is the ultimate study
resource for 2026 final exam preparation, designed to mirror the
difficulty and format of standard collegiate physics evaluations.
1. A vector quantity is best defined as a physical measurement that
possesses:
A. Magnitude only
B. Direction only
C. Both magnitude and direction
D. Neither magnitude nor direction
ANSWER: C. Both magnitude and direction
EXPLANATION: Unlike scalar quantities (like mass or temperature)
which only have a size, vectors (like velocity and force) require a
specific direction to be fully described. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
2. A ball is thrown horizontally from a cliff. Neglecting air
resistance, what happens to its horizontal velocity component
,during flight?
A. It increases due to gravity
B. It decreases until it reaches zero
C. It remains constant
D. It changes based on the mass of the ball
ANSWER: C. It remains constant
EXPLANATION: Gravity only acts vertically (downward). Since there
are no horizontal forces acting on the ball after release, its
horizontal velocity does not change.
3. If an object’s mass is doubled while the net force acting on it
remains the same, the acceleration will:
A. Double
B. Be reduced by half
C. Quadruple
D. Stay the same
ANSWER: B. Be reduced by half
EXPLANATION: According to Newton’s Second Law (\(F = ma\)),
acceleration is inversely proportional to mass. If mass increases by
a factor of 2, acceleration must decrease by a factor of 2.
4. Which of the following best describes the "Normal Force" acting
on an object resting on a flat table?
A. It is always equal to the object's mass
B. It acts parallel to the surface
C. It acts perpendicular to the surface
,D. It is a type of frictional force
ANSWER: C. It acts perpendicular to the surface
EXPLANATION: The term "normal" in physics means perpendicular.
The normal force is the support force exerted by a surface to
prevent an object from falling through it.
5. A 5 kg object is lifted 2 meters vertically. What is the work done
against gravity? (\(g = 9.8 \text{ m/s}^2\))
A. 10 J
B. 49 J
C. 98 J
D. 19.6 J
ANSWER: C. 98 J
EXPLANATION: Work is calculated as \(W = mgh\). Substituting the
values: \(5 \text{ kg} \times 9.8 \text{ m/s}^2 \times 2 \text{ m}
= 98 \text{ Joules}\).
6. In a perfectly elastic collision, which of the following is true?
A. Only momentum is conserved
B. Only kinetic energy is conserved
C. Both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved
D. Neither momentum nor kinetic energy are conserved
ANSWER: C. Both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved
EXPLANATION: An elastic collision is characterized by the total
system keeping its kinetic energy; in contrast, inelastic collisions
lose energy to heat or deformation.
, 7. Specific heat capacity is defined as the amount of heat required
to:
A. Melt 1 kg of a substance
B. Raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by \(1^{\circ }\text{C}\)
C. Boil 1 kg of a substance
D. Change the phase of a substance without a temperature change
ANSWER: B. Raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by
\(1^{\circ }\text{C}\)
EXPLANATION: Specific heat capacity (\(c\)) measures how much
energy a material absorbs per unit mass to change its temperature,
expressed as \(\text{J/kg}\cdot^\circ\text{C}\).
8. An object floating in water displaces a weight of fluid equal to:
A. Its own volume
B. Half of its weight
C. Its own weight
D. Double its weight
ANSWER: C. Its own weight
EXPLANATION: According to Archimedes' Principle, a floating object
displaces a weight of fluid exactly equal to the weight of the object
itself to maintain equilibrium.
9. The period of a simple pendulum depends primarily on:
A. The mass of the bob
B. The amplitude of the swing
C. The length of the string
