ATI COMMUNITY NURSING PROCTORED
STUDY GUIDE
Community Health nursing Theories:
Nightingale’s Theory of Environment Health Belief Model
o Focus on impact of a person’s environment on their health.
Focus is on preventative care (washing hands, clean
environment)
Health Belief Model
o Assumes a person’s primary motivation in taking positive
health actions is to avoid getting a disease
Likelihood of taking action is based on:
1. Modifying variables (age, gender, race, economy, education)
2. Perceived severity and susceptibility of getting the disease
3. Perceived benefits vs barriers of taking action
4. Cues to action (advice of doctor, media campaigns)
Community based nursing vs. community oriented nursing:
The community or population us the “client” in community health nursing
Community based nursing- is focused on illness care (acute or
chronic conditions) for individuals and families.
Examples: home health nurse doing would care, school nurse
administering epi-pen
Community oriented nursing: is focused on improving collective
health of the community.
Examples: health education and promotion, disease prevention
activities. No illness care! Community oriented nursing =
public health nursing
Community Health nursing vs. public health nursing
Community health nursing: delivers health care services to
individuals, families, and groups. Includes community based
nursing (illness care for individuals and families) AND community
oriented nursing (community focused care, with emphasis on
education and disease prevention)
, Public health nursing: disease prevention and health promotion of
communities and populations. They are not providing direct care to
individuals! Public health nursing = community oriented nursing.
4 Ethical Principles in Community Health nursing
- Respect for autonomy: respect a patient’s right to self determination
- Nonmaleficence: do no harm
- Beneficence: do what is best (maximize benefits)
- Distributive justice: fail allocation of resources in community
Epidemiology
- Study of spread, transmission, and incidence of disease/ injury
Components:
- Agent: what is causing the disease (bacteria, toxin, noise)
- Host: human/ animal being affected by the disease
- Environment: physical environment (water/ food supply, geography), social
experiment (access to health care, work conditions, poverty)
Incidence vs prevalence
Incidence: number of NEW cases of disease/ injury iin a population during a
specified period of time
Prevalence: Number of ALL cases (new and pre existing) of disease/ injury in a
population during a specified period of time
Community Health Education:
Obstacles: age, culture, illiteracy, language barriers lack of access, lack of
motivation
Learning styles:
o Visual (videos, presentations)
o Auditory (verbal lectures, discussions)
o Tactile- kinesthetic (hands on, return demonstration)
Healthy people 2020: Includes national health goals based on major risks to
health and wellness of U.S. population (ex. Diabetes, cancer, older adults,
LGBT health).
STUDY GUIDE
Community Health nursing Theories:
Nightingale’s Theory of Environment Health Belief Model
o Focus on impact of a person’s environment on their health.
Focus is on preventative care (washing hands, clean
environment)
Health Belief Model
o Assumes a person’s primary motivation in taking positive
health actions is to avoid getting a disease
Likelihood of taking action is based on:
1. Modifying variables (age, gender, race, economy, education)
2. Perceived severity and susceptibility of getting the disease
3. Perceived benefits vs barriers of taking action
4. Cues to action (advice of doctor, media campaigns)
Community based nursing vs. community oriented nursing:
The community or population us the “client” in community health nursing
Community based nursing- is focused on illness care (acute or
chronic conditions) for individuals and families.
Examples: home health nurse doing would care, school nurse
administering epi-pen
Community oriented nursing: is focused on improving collective
health of the community.
Examples: health education and promotion, disease prevention
activities. No illness care! Community oriented nursing =
public health nursing
Community Health nursing vs. public health nursing
Community health nursing: delivers health care services to
individuals, families, and groups. Includes community based
nursing (illness care for individuals and families) AND community
oriented nursing (community focused care, with emphasis on
education and disease prevention)
, Public health nursing: disease prevention and health promotion of
communities and populations. They are not providing direct care to
individuals! Public health nursing = community oriented nursing.
4 Ethical Principles in Community Health nursing
- Respect for autonomy: respect a patient’s right to self determination
- Nonmaleficence: do no harm
- Beneficence: do what is best (maximize benefits)
- Distributive justice: fail allocation of resources in community
Epidemiology
- Study of spread, transmission, and incidence of disease/ injury
Components:
- Agent: what is causing the disease (bacteria, toxin, noise)
- Host: human/ animal being affected by the disease
- Environment: physical environment (water/ food supply, geography), social
experiment (access to health care, work conditions, poverty)
Incidence vs prevalence
Incidence: number of NEW cases of disease/ injury iin a population during a
specified period of time
Prevalence: Number of ALL cases (new and pre existing) of disease/ injury in a
population during a specified period of time
Community Health Education:
Obstacles: age, culture, illiteracy, language barriers lack of access, lack of
motivation
Learning styles:
o Visual (videos, presentations)
o Auditory (verbal lectures, discussions)
o Tactile- kinesthetic (hands on, return demonstration)
Healthy people 2020: Includes national health goals based on major risks to
health and wellness of U.S. population (ex. Diabetes, cancer, older adults,
LGBT health).
