CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE PRACTICE
EXAMINATION 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ What hemisphere and lobe would you likely see this deficit: L partial
hearing loss.
Answer: R hemisphere; temporal lobe
◍ Parasagittal.
Answer: Divides the brain into unequal left and right portions.
◍ Oligodendrocytes.
Answer: Function: Produce myelin, which insulates axons and speeds up
signal transmission. Location: In the CNS, where they form myelin sheaths
around axons.
◍ Brodmann Area 22.
Answer: Wernicke's Area: Involved in language comprehension.
◍ Mylencephalon.
Answer: Medulla oblongata
◍ What hemisphere and lobe would you likely see this deficit: L sensation
loss- whole body or glove/sock like.
Answer: R hemisphere; parietal lobe
◍ Internal Carotid Arteries.
Answer: Location: Enter the skull through the carotid canal. Supply: Brain
and eyes.
◍ Sensory Neurons.
Answer: Transmit sensory information from receptors to the central nervous
system.
,◍ Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB).
Answer: A selective barrier that separates the bloodstream from the brain's
extracellular fluid. It also protects the brain from toxins and infections.
◍ What hemisphere and lobe would you likely see this deficit: distractible,
poor attention, poor selective attention.
Answer: Bilateral; temporal lobe
◍ What hemisphere and lobe would you likely see this deficit: altered social
behavior.
Answer: Bilateral; frontal lobe
◍ Dorsal induction (3-7 weeks).
Answer: A process where signals from the dorsal organizer induce neural
tube formation.
◍ What hemisphere and lobe would you likely see this deficit: visual or tactile
agnosia.
Answer: Bilateral; parietal lobe
◍ Trochlear Nerve (CN IV).
Answer: Anatomical Location: Midbrain. Function: Motor control of
downward and inward eye movement.
◍ Circle of Willis.
Answer: Formation: An anastomotic ring of arteries at the base of the
brain.Purpose: Provides collateral circulation and equalizes blood pressure.
Components: Internal carotid arteries, anterior cerebral arteries, anterior
communicating arteries, posterior communicating arteries, and posterior
cerebral arteries.
◍ Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII).
Answer: Anatomical Location: Medulla. Function: Motor control muscles of
the tongue.
◍ Neural proliferation (3-4 months).
Answer: Rapid cell division of neural progenitor cells in the ventricular zone
, of the neural tube (neurogenesis).
◍ Hemorrhagic Stroke.
Answer: Caused by bleeding within or around the brain.
◍ Synaptogenesis.
Answer: Formation of synapses
◍ Synaptic Vesicles.
Answer: Small sacs in axon terminals containing neurotransmitters.
◍ Basal Ganglia.
Answer: Responsible for voluntary motor control, procedural learning, and
habit formation.
◍ Dendrites.
Answer: Branch-like extensions that receive signals (chemical or electrical)
from other neurons.
◍ Metecephalon.
Answer: Pons and cerebellum
◍ Sagittal Plane.
Answer: Divides the brain into left and right halves.
◍ What hemisphere and lobe would you likely see this deficit: disorders of
language- in L hemisphere ( R-handed individual)- language deficits may
involve entire Wernicke-Geschwind model of language or focal
stroke/lesions (any parts of language).
Answer: L hemisphere; all lobes (frontal, parietal, temporal)
◍ Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX).
Answer: Anatomical Location: Medulla. Function: Motor control pharynx
muscles involved in swallowing. Sensory, taste on the posterior one-third of
the tongue, monitors blood pressure and blood gases.
◍ Timing matters.
Answer: Occur at different critical periods.
EXAMINATION 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ What hemisphere and lobe would you likely see this deficit: L partial
hearing loss.
Answer: R hemisphere; temporal lobe
◍ Parasagittal.
Answer: Divides the brain into unequal left and right portions.
◍ Oligodendrocytes.
Answer: Function: Produce myelin, which insulates axons and speeds up
signal transmission. Location: In the CNS, where they form myelin sheaths
around axons.
◍ Brodmann Area 22.
Answer: Wernicke's Area: Involved in language comprehension.
◍ Mylencephalon.
Answer: Medulla oblongata
◍ What hemisphere and lobe would you likely see this deficit: L sensation
loss- whole body or glove/sock like.
Answer: R hemisphere; parietal lobe
◍ Internal Carotid Arteries.
Answer: Location: Enter the skull through the carotid canal. Supply: Brain
and eyes.
◍ Sensory Neurons.
Answer: Transmit sensory information from receptors to the central nervous
system.
,◍ Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB).
Answer: A selective barrier that separates the bloodstream from the brain's
extracellular fluid. It also protects the brain from toxins and infections.
◍ What hemisphere and lobe would you likely see this deficit: distractible,
poor attention, poor selective attention.
Answer: Bilateral; temporal lobe
◍ What hemisphere and lobe would you likely see this deficit: altered social
behavior.
Answer: Bilateral; frontal lobe
◍ Dorsal induction (3-7 weeks).
Answer: A process where signals from the dorsal organizer induce neural
tube formation.
◍ What hemisphere and lobe would you likely see this deficit: visual or tactile
agnosia.
Answer: Bilateral; parietal lobe
◍ Trochlear Nerve (CN IV).
Answer: Anatomical Location: Midbrain. Function: Motor control of
downward and inward eye movement.
◍ Circle of Willis.
Answer: Formation: An anastomotic ring of arteries at the base of the
brain.Purpose: Provides collateral circulation and equalizes blood pressure.
Components: Internal carotid arteries, anterior cerebral arteries, anterior
communicating arteries, posterior communicating arteries, and posterior
cerebral arteries.
◍ Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII).
Answer: Anatomical Location: Medulla. Function: Motor control muscles of
the tongue.
◍ Neural proliferation (3-4 months).
Answer: Rapid cell division of neural progenitor cells in the ventricular zone
, of the neural tube (neurogenesis).
◍ Hemorrhagic Stroke.
Answer: Caused by bleeding within or around the brain.
◍ Synaptogenesis.
Answer: Formation of synapses
◍ Synaptic Vesicles.
Answer: Small sacs in axon terminals containing neurotransmitters.
◍ Basal Ganglia.
Answer: Responsible for voluntary motor control, procedural learning, and
habit formation.
◍ Dendrites.
Answer: Branch-like extensions that receive signals (chemical or electrical)
from other neurons.
◍ Metecephalon.
Answer: Pons and cerebellum
◍ Sagittal Plane.
Answer: Divides the brain into left and right halves.
◍ What hemisphere and lobe would you likely see this deficit: disorders of
language- in L hemisphere ( R-handed individual)- language deficits may
involve entire Wernicke-Geschwind model of language or focal
stroke/lesions (any parts of language).
Answer: L hemisphere; all lobes (frontal, parietal, temporal)
◍ Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX).
Answer: Anatomical Location: Medulla. Function: Motor control pharynx
muscles involved in swallowing. Sensory, taste on the posterior one-third of
the tongue, monitors blood pressure and blood gases.
◍ Timing matters.
Answer: Occur at different critical periods.
