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,Analyze and describe the relationship between demographic trends such as age, gender,
and racial/ethnic status and the prevalence of HTN.
Black Americans - correct ans:Much higher rates of HTN in Black Americans
- 57% sodium reabsorption (27% in other groups)
- 3-5x more likely to have a stroke and kidney disease
Analyze and describe the relationship between demographic trends such as age, gender,
and racial/ethnic status and the prevalence of HTN.
men < 45yrs - correct ans:Higher rates in men < 45yrs
Analyze and describe the relationship between demographic trends such as age, gender,
and racial/ethnic status and the prevalence of HTN.
women 46-65yrs - correct ans:Higher rates in women 46-65yrs
Analyze and describe the relationship between demographic trends such as age, gender,
and racial/ethnic status and the prevalence of HTN.
men and women > 65yrs - correct ans:Equal in men and women > 65yrs
Describe the relationship of age to SBP and DBP, and the implications for BP control.
________ BP is the more potent CV risk factor gauge until 50 years old - correct ans:DBP is the more
potent CV risk factor gauge until 50 yrs
,Describe the relationship of age to SBP and DBP, and the implications for BP control.
_______ BP is the more potent CV risk factor after 50 years. - correct ans:SBP is the more potent CV risk
factor after 50yrs
Describe the relationship of age to SBP and DBP, and the implications for BP control.
_______BP will level out with age. - correct ans:DBP will level out with age
Describe the relationship of age to SBP and DBP, and the implications for BP control.
Isolated Systolic HTN is a risk in the elderly, and you should be cautious with - correct ans:Caution with
too low DBP
Describe the relationship of age to SBP and DBP, and the implications for BP control.
An increase of 20 mmHG SBP/ 10mmHG or
DBP above 155-175 will do what to CBD mortality - correct ans:An increase of 20mmHG SBP/10mmHG
or
DBP above 155-75 will double the CVD mortality
RAAS system
The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) is a ___________ system that
regulates blood pressure and fluid balance by releasing hormones like renin, angiotensin II, and
aldosterone, ultimately increasing blood pressure and water
retention. - correct ans:- hormonal
The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) is a hormonal system that regulates blood pressure
and fluid balance by releasing hormones like renin, angiotensin II, and aldosterone, ultimately increasing
blood pressure and water
, retention.
RAAS system
Low Blood Pressure/Volume:
When the body senses low blood pressure or volume, the kidneys release ________. - correct ans:- renin
Low Blood Pressure/Volume: When the body senses low blood pressure or
volume, the kidneys release renin.
RAAS system
Renin's Role - correct ans:Renin converts a protein(angiotensinogen) into angiotensin I.
RAAS system
Angiotensin II Formation - correct ans:Angiotensin I is further converted to angiotensin II by
an enzyme called ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme).
RAAS system
Angiotensin II's Effects: - correct ans:Vasoconstriction
- Narrowing of blood vessels
- increasing blood pressure.
Aldosterone Release
- Angiotensin II triggers the adrenal glands to release
aldosterone.