Nurs 615 Pharm Exam 1 – Maryville
Latest 2023 (100% Correct Answers
SECTION 1: CLINICAL JUDGMENT & PRESCRIBING PROCESS
1. What is clinical judgment in the context of prescribing
medications?
A) The ability to calculate drug doses accurately
B) A conclusion or opinion a nurse arrives at following
observation, reflection, and analysis of observable or
available information or data
C) The process of writing a prescription
D) The study of drug interactions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clinical judgment is defined as the conclusion or
opinion at which a nurse arrives following a process of
observation, reflection, and analysis of observable or available
information or data. The nurse must gather data to make a
diagnosis; a diagnosis is needed to select and start treatment.
2. According to the WHO, what is the first step in the rational
prescribing process?
A) Choose the treatment
B) Start the treatment
C) Define the patient's problem (diagnosis)
, D) Monitor the effectiveness of treatment
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The WHO 6-Step Model of Rational Prescribing begins
with defining the patient's problem (establishing a diagnosis).
Without a correct diagnosis, subsequent steps cannot be properly
executed.
3. What is the mnemonic "I Can PresCribe A Drug" used for?
A) Memorizing drug classifications
B) Criteria for choosing an effective drug
C) Calculating drug dosages
D) Identifying drug interactions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The mnemonic helps prescribers remember the criteria
for selecting an effective drug: I = indication, C =
contraindication, P = precautions, C = cost/compliance, E =
efficacy, A = adverse effects, D = dose/duration/direction.
4. Which of the following is NOT one of the WHO's six steps
of rational prescribing?
A) Define the patient's problem
B) Specify the therapeutic objective
C) Calculate the drug half-life
D) Educate the patient
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The WHO 6-Step Model includes: (1) define patient's
problem, (2) specify therapeutic objective, (3) choose treatment,
(4) start treatment, (5) educate the patient, and (6) monitor
,effectiveness. Calculating half-life is a pharmacokinetic concept,
not a step in rational prescribing.
5. What factors are associated with clinical judgment when
prescribing medications?
A) The cost of the medication only
B) The patient's preference only
C) A thorough assessment of the patient and the patient's
environment
D) The prescriber's personal experience only
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prescribing a drug is based on a thorough assessment
of the patient and the patient's environment. The determination
of potential medical and nursing diagnoses, a review of potential
alternative therapies, specific knowledge about the drug chosen,
and the disease process it is going to treat are all part of patient-
centered care.
6. In the "I Can PresCribe A Drug" mnemonic, which two
letters relate to the practical aspects of therapy (e.g., how to
take the medication)?
A) I and C
B) P and E
C) D and A
D) C (cost) and D (dose/duration/direction)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The second "C" stands for cost/compliance, and "D"
stands for dose/duration/direction. These elements address
, practical issues that affect whether a patient can obtain and
adhere to the prescribed regimen.
7. Why is patient education included as a separate step in the
WHO prescribing model?
A) It allows the prescriber to delegate responsibility
B) It ensures the patient understands the treatment plan,
which improves adherence and safety
C) It is required only for controlled substances
D) It replaces the need for monitoring
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patient education is critical because informed patients
are more likely to adhere to the treatment plan and recognize
potential adverse effects. Education includes dosing instructions,
side effects, and when to seek help.
8. According to the WHO model, how should treatment be
chosen?
A) Based on the prescriber's personal experience only
B) Using evidence-based guidelines and patient-specific
factors
C) By cost alone
D) By patient request only
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Treatment should be chosen using evidence-based
guidelines and patient-specific factors, ensuring the most effective
and appropriate therapy for the individual patient.
Latest 2023 (100% Correct Answers
SECTION 1: CLINICAL JUDGMENT & PRESCRIBING PROCESS
1. What is clinical judgment in the context of prescribing
medications?
A) The ability to calculate drug doses accurately
B) A conclusion or opinion a nurse arrives at following
observation, reflection, and analysis of observable or
available information or data
C) The process of writing a prescription
D) The study of drug interactions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clinical judgment is defined as the conclusion or
opinion at which a nurse arrives following a process of
observation, reflection, and analysis of observable or available
information or data. The nurse must gather data to make a
diagnosis; a diagnosis is needed to select and start treatment.
2. According to the WHO, what is the first step in the rational
prescribing process?
A) Choose the treatment
B) Start the treatment
C) Define the patient's problem (diagnosis)
, D) Monitor the effectiveness of treatment
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The WHO 6-Step Model of Rational Prescribing begins
with defining the patient's problem (establishing a diagnosis).
Without a correct diagnosis, subsequent steps cannot be properly
executed.
3. What is the mnemonic "I Can PresCribe A Drug" used for?
A) Memorizing drug classifications
B) Criteria for choosing an effective drug
C) Calculating drug dosages
D) Identifying drug interactions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The mnemonic helps prescribers remember the criteria
for selecting an effective drug: I = indication, C =
contraindication, P = precautions, C = cost/compliance, E =
efficacy, A = adverse effects, D = dose/duration/direction.
4. Which of the following is NOT one of the WHO's six steps
of rational prescribing?
A) Define the patient's problem
B) Specify the therapeutic objective
C) Calculate the drug half-life
D) Educate the patient
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The WHO 6-Step Model includes: (1) define patient's
problem, (2) specify therapeutic objective, (3) choose treatment,
(4) start treatment, (5) educate the patient, and (6) monitor
,effectiveness. Calculating half-life is a pharmacokinetic concept,
not a step in rational prescribing.
5. What factors are associated with clinical judgment when
prescribing medications?
A) The cost of the medication only
B) The patient's preference only
C) A thorough assessment of the patient and the patient's
environment
D) The prescriber's personal experience only
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prescribing a drug is based on a thorough assessment
of the patient and the patient's environment. The determination
of potential medical and nursing diagnoses, a review of potential
alternative therapies, specific knowledge about the drug chosen,
and the disease process it is going to treat are all part of patient-
centered care.
6. In the "I Can PresCribe A Drug" mnemonic, which two
letters relate to the practical aspects of therapy (e.g., how to
take the medication)?
A) I and C
B) P and E
C) D and A
D) C (cost) and D (dose/duration/direction)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The second "C" stands for cost/compliance, and "D"
stands for dose/duration/direction. These elements address
, practical issues that affect whether a patient can obtain and
adhere to the prescribed regimen.
7. Why is patient education included as a separate step in the
WHO prescribing model?
A) It allows the prescriber to delegate responsibility
B) It ensures the patient understands the treatment plan,
which improves adherence and safety
C) It is required only for controlled substances
D) It replaces the need for monitoring
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patient education is critical because informed patients
are more likely to adhere to the treatment plan and recognize
potential adverse effects. Education includes dosing instructions,
side effects, and when to seek help.
8. According to the WHO model, how should treatment be
chosen?
A) Based on the prescriber's personal experience only
B) Using evidence-based guidelines and patient-specific
factors
C) By cost alone
D) By patient request only
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Treatment should be chosen using evidence-based
guidelines and patient-specific factors, ensuring the most effective
and appropriate therapy for the individual patient.
