RN Learning System Pharmacology Fin
] ] ] ]
al Questions with Correct Answers and
] ] ] ] ]] ]
Detailed 2025-2026 ]
A ]nurse ]is ]assessing ]a ]client ]who ]reports ]using ]several ]herbal ]and ]vitamin ]supplements ]daily, ]incl
uding ]saw ]palmetto. ]The ]nurse ]should ]recognize ]that ]saw ]palmetto ]is ]a ]supplement ]used ]by ]clie
nts ]to ]elicit ]which ]of ]the ]following ]therapeutic ]effects?
A. ]Urinary ]health ]promotion
B. ]Immune ]system ]stimulation
C. ]Decreased ]leg ]pain ]from ]arterial ]disease
D. ]Prevention ]of ]nausea ]caused ]by ]motion ]sickness ]- ]correct ]answer: ]A. ]Urinary ]health ]promotio
n
Explanation: ]Saw ]palmetto ]is ]used ]primarily ]for ]manifestations ]related ]to ]prostatic ]conditions, ]s
uch ]as ]benign ]prostatic ]hypertrophy ]
(BPH). ]Its ]effectiveness ]has ]not ]been ]scientifically ]proven, ]however. ]The ]nurse ]should ]teach ]the ]c
lient ]to ]check ]with ]the ]provider ]about ]interactions ]between ]saw ]palmetto ]and ]other ]medication
s.
]b.Echinacea ]is ]a ]popular ]herb ]widely ]used ]in ]the ]U.S. ]primarily ]to ]reduce ]the ]manifestations ]and
]duration ]of ]colds ]and ]flu-like ]illnesses, ]although ]its ]effectiveness ]has ]not ]been ]proven.
C. ]Ginkgo ]biloba ]has ]become ]a ]widely ]used ]dietary ]supplement ]in ]the ]United ]States ]for ]increasin
g ]cognitive ]functions ]in ]elderly ]people, ]although ]this ]effect ]has ]not ]been ]proven. ]Ginkgo ]has ]bee
n ]shown ]to ]improve ]leg ]pain ]of ]intermittent ]claudication ]and ]other ]peripheral ]arterial ]disorders.
,D. ]Ginger ]root ]is ]sometimes ]used ]to ]prevent ]and ]treat ]nausea ]caused ]by ]motion ]sickness, ]seasic
kness, ]and ]other ]causes.
A ]nurse ]is ]preparing ]a ]discharge ]teaching ]plan ]for ]a ]6-year-
old ]client ]who ]has ]asthma ]and ]several ]prescription ]medications ]using ]metered ]dose ]inhalers ]
(MDIs). ]Which ]of ]the ]following ]interventions ]should ]the ]nurse ]include ]in ]the ]plan?
A. ]Add ]a ]spacer ]to ]each ]MDI
B. ]Instruct ]the ]child ]to ]inhale ]more ]rapidly ]than ]usual ]when ]using ]an ]MDI
C. ]Request ]that ]the ]provider ]change ]the ]child's ]medications ]from ]inhaled ]to ]oral ]formulations.
D. ]Administer ]oxygen ]by ]facemask ]along ]with ]the ]MDI ]- ]correct ]answer: ]A. ]Add ]a ]spacer ]to ]each ]
MDI ]
Explanation: ]MDIs ]are ]difficult ]to ]use ]correctly ]and, ]even ]when ]properly ]used, ]only ]a ]portion ]of ]t
he ]medication ]is ]delivered ]to ]the ]lungs. ]A ]spacer ]applied ]to ]an ]MDI ]can ]make ]up ]for ]lack ]of ]hand
-lung ]coordination ]by ]increasing ]the ]amount ]of ]medication ]delivered ]to ]the ]lungs.
B. ]The ]client ]who ]uses ]an ]inhaler ]should ]be ]taught ]to ]inhale ]the ]medication ]slowly ]over ]3 ]to ]5 ]se
conds ]for ]maximum ]effectiveness.
C. ]There ]are ]advantages ]to ]delivering ]medications ]for ]asthma ]by ]inhalation, ]including ]enhanced ]
therapeutic ]effects, ]decreased ]systemic ]adverse ]effects, ]and ]quick ]relief ]when ]short-
acting ]bronchodilators ]are ]used. ]Changing ]the ]child's ]medications ]to ]oral ]formulations ]is ]not ]an ]
effective ]intervention.
D. ]Administering ]oxygen ]along ]with ]inhaled ]medications ]does ]not ]increase ]the ]amount ]of ]medic
ation ]reaching ]the ]lungs. ]In ]addition, ]oxygen ]therapy ]should ]be ]administered ]on ]the ]basis ]of ]low
]oxygen ]saturation ]and ]other ]assessments. ]It ]is ]not ]appropriate ]to ]administer ]oxygen ]by ]facemas
k ]along ]with ]the ]MDI.
,A ]nurse ]is ]providing ]teaching ]to ]a ]client ]who ]has ]postmenopausal ]osteoporosis ]and ]a ]new ]prescr
iption ]for ]intranasal ]calcitonin-
salmon. ]Which ]of ]the ]following ]statements ]by ]the ]client ]indicates ]an ]understanding ]of ]the ]teach
ing?
A. ]"I ]will ]administer ]a ]spray ]into ]each ]nostril ]daily."
B. ]"I ]should ]expect ]nasal ]bleeding ]for ]the ]first ]week."
C. ]"I ]will ]need ]to ]depress ]the ]side ]arms ]to ]activate ]the ]pump."
D. ]"I ]should ]expect ]to ]take ]this ]medication ]for ]a ]short-
term ]course ]of ]treatment." ]- ]correct ]answer: ]C. ]"I ]will ]need ]to ]depress ]the ]side ]arms ]to ]activate ]t
he ]pump."
Explanation: ]The ]nurse ]should ]instruct ]the ]client ]to ]activate ]the ]pump ]on ]the ]initial ]use ]by ]holdi
ng ]the ]bottle ]upright ]and ]depressing ]the ]two ]white ]side ]arms ]toward ]the ]bottle ]six ]times.
A. ]The ]nurse ]should ]instruct ]the ]client ]to ]administer ]calcitonin-
salmon ]to ]one ]nostril ]daily, ]alternating ]nostrils.
B. ]The ]nurse ]should ]instruct ]the ]client ]that ]nasal ]bleeding, ]or ]ulcerations, ]are ]indications ]to ]disc
ontinue ]the ]medication ]and ]to ]notify ]the ]provider ]if ]nasal ]bleeding ]occurs.
D. ]Calcitonin-salmon ]is ]a ]long-
term ]treatment ]therapy ]for ]postmenopausal ]osteoporosis. ]The ]medication ]has ]no ]documented ]l
ong-term ]adverse ]effects.
A ]nurse ]in ]an ]outpatient ]facility ]is ]assessing ]a ]client ]who ]is ]prescribed ]furosemide ]40 ]mg ]daily, ]b
ut ]the ]client ]reports ]that ]she ]has ]been ]taking ]extra ]doses ]to ]promote ]weight ]loss. ]Which ]of ]the ]f
ollowing ]findings ]should ]indicate ]to ]the ]nurse ]that ]the ]client ]is ]dehydrated?
A. ]Urine ]specific ]gravity ]1.035
, B. ]Distended ]neck ]veins
C. ]BUN ]18 ]mg/dL
D. ]Bouding ]radial ]pulses ]- ]correct ]answer: ]A. ]Urine ]specific ]gravity ]1.035
Explanation: ]Oliguria, ]increased ]urine ]concentration, ]and ]an ]increase ]in ]urine ]specific ]gravity ]gre
ater ]than ]1.030 ]are ]expected ]findings ]in ]clients ]who ]are ]dehydrated.
B. ]Distended ]neck ]veins ]are ]indicators ]of ]fluid ]volume ]excess, ]not ]dehydration ]or ]fluid ]volume ]d
eficit.
C. ]Elevations ]in ]laboratory ]values ]such ]as ]BUN, ]hematocrit, ]and ]others, ]can ]be ]seen ]in ]a ]client ]w
ho ]is ]dehydrated. ]A ]BUN ]of ]18 ]mg/dL ]is ]within ]the ]expected ]reference ]range.
D. ]Full, ]bounding ]radial ]pulses ]are ]an ]indicator ]of ]fluid ]volume ]excess, ]not ]dehydration ]or ]fluid ]v
olume ]deficit.
A ]nurse ]is ]preparing ]to ]administer ]heparin ]900
]units/hr ]via ]IV ]infusion. ]The ]amount ]available ]is ]heparin ]25,000 ]units ]in ]500 ]mL ]5% ]dextrose ]in ]
water. ]The ]nurse ]should ]set ]the ]IV ]pump ]to ]deliver ]how ]many ]mL/hr? ]
(Round ]the ]answer ]to ]the ]nearest ]whole ]number. ]Use ]a ]leading ]zero ]if ]it ]applies. ]Do ]not ]use ]a ]tr
ailing ]zero.) ]- ]correct ]answer: ]18 ]mL/hr
A ]nurse ]is ]teaching ]a ]client ]who ]has ]chronic ]stable ]angina ]pectoris ]and ]a ]prescription ]for ]subling
ual ]nitroglycerin ]tablets. ]Identify ]the ]sequence ]of ]instructions ]that ]the ]nurse ]should ]tell ]the ]clien
t ]to ]use ]if ]he ]experiences ]the ]chest ]pain.
-Wait ]5 ]Min
-Call ]911 ]if ]the ]pain ]is ]not ]relieved
-Stop ]activity
] ] ] ]
al Questions with Correct Answers and
] ] ] ] ]] ]
Detailed 2025-2026 ]
A ]nurse ]is ]assessing ]a ]client ]who ]reports ]using ]several ]herbal ]and ]vitamin ]supplements ]daily, ]incl
uding ]saw ]palmetto. ]The ]nurse ]should ]recognize ]that ]saw ]palmetto ]is ]a ]supplement ]used ]by ]clie
nts ]to ]elicit ]which ]of ]the ]following ]therapeutic ]effects?
A. ]Urinary ]health ]promotion
B. ]Immune ]system ]stimulation
C. ]Decreased ]leg ]pain ]from ]arterial ]disease
D. ]Prevention ]of ]nausea ]caused ]by ]motion ]sickness ]- ]correct ]answer: ]A. ]Urinary ]health ]promotio
n
Explanation: ]Saw ]palmetto ]is ]used ]primarily ]for ]manifestations ]related ]to ]prostatic ]conditions, ]s
uch ]as ]benign ]prostatic ]hypertrophy ]
(BPH). ]Its ]effectiveness ]has ]not ]been ]scientifically ]proven, ]however. ]The ]nurse ]should ]teach ]the ]c
lient ]to ]check ]with ]the ]provider ]about ]interactions ]between ]saw ]palmetto ]and ]other ]medication
s.
]b.Echinacea ]is ]a ]popular ]herb ]widely ]used ]in ]the ]U.S. ]primarily ]to ]reduce ]the ]manifestations ]and
]duration ]of ]colds ]and ]flu-like ]illnesses, ]although ]its ]effectiveness ]has ]not ]been ]proven.
C. ]Ginkgo ]biloba ]has ]become ]a ]widely ]used ]dietary ]supplement ]in ]the ]United ]States ]for ]increasin
g ]cognitive ]functions ]in ]elderly ]people, ]although ]this ]effect ]has ]not ]been ]proven. ]Ginkgo ]has ]bee
n ]shown ]to ]improve ]leg ]pain ]of ]intermittent ]claudication ]and ]other ]peripheral ]arterial ]disorders.
,D. ]Ginger ]root ]is ]sometimes ]used ]to ]prevent ]and ]treat ]nausea ]caused ]by ]motion ]sickness, ]seasic
kness, ]and ]other ]causes.
A ]nurse ]is ]preparing ]a ]discharge ]teaching ]plan ]for ]a ]6-year-
old ]client ]who ]has ]asthma ]and ]several ]prescription ]medications ]using ]metered ]dose ]inhalers ]
(MDIs). ]Which ]of ]the ]following ]interventions ]should ]the ]nurse ]include ]in ]the ]plan?
A. ]Add ]a ]spacer ]to ]each ]MDI
B. ]Instruct ]the ]child ]to ]inhale ]more ]rapidly ]than ]usual ]when ]using ]an ]MDI
C. ]Request ]that ]the ]provider ]change ]the ]child's ]medications ]from ]inhaled ]to ]oral ]formulations.
D. ]Administer ]oxygen ]by ]facemask ]along ]with ]the ]MDI ]- ]correct ]answer: ]A. ]Add ]a ]spacer ]to ]each ]
MDI ]
Explanation: ]MDIs ]are ]difficult ]to ]use ]correctly ]and, ]even ]when ]properly ]used, ]only ]a ]portion ]of ]t
he ]medication ]is ]delivered ]to ]the ]lungs. ]A ]spacer ]applied ]to ]an ]MDI ]can ]make ]up ]for ]lack ]of ]hand
-lung ]coordination ]by ]increasing ]the ]amount ]of ]medication ]delivered ]to ]the ]lungs.
B. ]The ]client ]who ]uses ]an ]inhaler ]should ]be ]taught ]to ]inhale ]the ]medication ]slowly ]over ]3 ]to ]5 ]se
conds ]for ]maximum ]effectiveness.
C. ]There ]are ]advantages ]to ]delivering ]medications ]for ]asthma ]by ]inhalation, ]including ]enhanced ]
therapeutic ]effects, ]decreased ]systemic ]adverse ]effects, ]and ]quick ]relief ]when ]short-
acting ]bronchodilators ]are ]used. ]Changing ]the ]child's ]medications ]to ]oral ]formulations ]is ]not ]an ]
effective ]intervention.
D. ]Administering ]oxygen ]along ]with ]inhaled ]medications ]does ]not ]increase ]the ]amount ]of ]medic
ation ]reaching ]the ]lungs. ]In ]addition, ]oxygen ]therapy ]should ]be ]administered ]on ]the ]basis ]of ]low
]oxygen ]saturation ]and ]other ]assessments. ]It ]is ]not ]appropriate ]to ]administer ]oxygen ]by ]facemas
k ]along ]with ]the ]MDI.
,A ]nurse ]is ]providing ]teaching ]to ]a ]client ]who ]has ]postmenopausal ]osteoporosis ]and ]a ]new ]prescr
iption ]for ]intranasal ]calcitonin-
salmon. ]Which ]of ]the ]following ]statements ]by ]the ]client ]indicates ]an ]understanding ]of ]the ]teach
ing?
A. ]"I ]will ]administer ]a ]spray ]into ]each ]nostril ]daily."
B. ]"I ]should ]expect ]nasal ]bleeding ]for ]the ]first ]week."
C. ]"I ]will ]need ]to ]depress ]the ]side ]arms ]to ]activate ]the ]pump."
D. ]"I ]should ]expect ]to ]take ]this ]medication ]for ]a ]short-
term ]course ]of ]treatment." ]- ]correct ]answer: ]C. ]"I ]will ]need ]to ]depress ]the ]side ]arms ]to ]activate ]t
he ]pump."
Explanation: ]The ]nurse ]should ]instruct ]the ]client ]to ]activate ]the ]pump ]on ]the ]initial ]use ]by ]holdi
ng ]the ]bottle ]upright ]and ]depressing ]the ]two ]white ]side ]arms ]toward ]the ]bottle ]six ]times.
A. ]The ]nurse ]should ]instruct ]the ]client ]to ]administer ]calcitonin-
salmon ]to ]one ]nostril ]daily, ]alternating ]nostrils.
B. ]The ]nurse ]should ]instruct ]the ]client ]that ]nasal ]bleeding, ]or ]ulcerations, ]are ]indications ]to ]disc
ontinue ]the ]medication ]and ]to ]notify ]the ]provider ]if ]nasal ]bleeding ]occurs.
D. ]Calcitonin-salmon ]is ]a ]long-
term ]treatment ]therapy ]for ]postmenopausal ]osteoporosis. ]The ]medication ]has ]no ]documented ]l
ong-term ]adverse ]effects.
A ]nurse ]in ]an ]outpatient ]facility ]is ]assessing ]a ]client ]who ]is ]prescribed ]furosemide ]40 ]mg ]daily, ]b
ut ]the ]client ]reports ]that ]she ]has ]been ]taking ]extra ]doses ]to ]promote ]weight ]loss. ]Which ]of ]the ]f
ollowing ]findings ]should ]indicate ]to ]the ]nurse ]that ]the ]client ]is ]dehydrated?
A. ]Urine ]specific ]gravity ]1.035
, B. ]Distended ]neck ]veins
C. ]BUN ]18 ]mg/dL
D. ]Bouding ]radial ]pulses ]- ]correct ]answer: ]A. ]Urine ]specific ]gravity ]1.035
Explanation: ]Oliguria, ]increased ]urine ]concentration, ]and ]an ]increase ]in ]urine ]specific ]gravity ]gre
ater ]than ]1.030 ]are ]expected ]findings ]in ]clients ]who ]are ]dehydrated.
B. ]Distended ]neck ]veins ]are ]indicators ]of ]fluid ]volume ]excess, ]not ]dehydration ]or ]fluid ]volume ]d
eficit.
C. ]Elevations ]in ]laboratory ]values ]such ]as ]BUN, ]hematocrit, ]and ]others, ]can ]be ]seen ]in ]a ]client ]w
ho ]is ]dehydrated. ]A ]BUN ]of ]18 ]mg/dL ]is ]within ]the ]expected ]reference ]range.
D. ]Full, ]bounding ]radial ]pulses ]are ]an ]indicator ]of ]fluid ]volume ]excess, ]not ]dehydration ]or ]fluid ]v
olume ]deficit.
A ]nurse ]is ]preparing ]to ]administer ]heparin ]900
]units/hr ]via ]IV ]infusion. ]The ]amount ]available ]is ]heparin ]25,000 ]units ]in ]500 ]mL ]5% ]dextrose ]in ]
water. ]The ]nurse ]should ]set ]the ]IV ]pump ]to ]deliver ]how ]many ]mL/hr? ]
(Round ]the ]answer ]to ]the ]nearest ]whole ]number. ]Use ]a ]leading ]zero ]if ]it ]applies. ]Do ]not ]use ]a ]tr
ailing ]zero.) ]- ]correct ]answer: ]18 ]mL/hr
A ]nurse ]is ]teaching ]a ]client ]who ]has ]chronic ]stable ]angina ]pectoris ]and ]a ]prescription ]for ]subling
ual ]nitroglycerin ]tablets. ]Identify ]the ]sequence ]of ]instructions ]that ]the ]nurse ]should ]tell ]the ]clien
t ]to ]use ]if ]he ]experiences ]the ]chest ]pain.
-Wait ]5 ]Min
-Call ]911 ]if ]the ]pain ]is ]not ]relieved
-Stop ]activity
