Test Bank For
Canadian Corrections, 7th Edition Curt T. Griffiths, Danielle J. Murdoch
Chapters 1-12
Chapter 1
PERSPECTIVES ON CRIME AND PUNISHMENT
1. The government announces that nine new halfway houses are being built in the next
twelve months. What concept does this infrastructure development best illustrate?
a. penal moderation
b. restorative justice
c. correctional change
d. community decentralization
ANS: c
REF: p. 2
BLM: Higher order
2. In which century did the Catholic Church start operating ecclesiastical prisons?
a. 6th century
b. 7th century
c. 8th century
d. 9th century
ANS: a
REF: p. 3
BLM: Remember
3. In 1703, an offender was convicted of committing a criminal offence in England and was
sent to America as punishment. Which correctional strategy was the offender subject to?
a. exile
b. deportation
c. repatriation
d. transportation
ANS: d
REF: p. 3
BLM: Higher order
,4. Which year was the first house of correction opened in England?
a. 1437
b. 1557
c. 1627
d. 1717
ANS: b
REF: p. 3
BLM: Remember
5. Which individual writing during the Age of the Enlightenment believed the certainty of
punishment was the most effective deterrent against criminal behaviour?
a. Voltaire
b. Montesquieu
c. Cesare Beccaria
d. Jeremy Bentham
ANS: c
REF: p. 5
BLM: Remember
6. An individual decides not to rob a bank out of concern for getting caught, convicted, and
sentenced to a term of imprisonment. Which perspective on crime, offenders, and punishment
does this exemplify?
a. the Critical School
b. the Punitive School
c. the Classical School
d. the Rational School
ANS: c
REF: p. 5
BLM: Higher order
7. A leading reformer of the English criminal law during the 1800s suggested that offenders
engaged in hedonistic calculus. Who was it?
a. Voltaire
b. Montesquieu
c. Cesare Beccaria
d. Jeremy Bentham
ANS: d
REF: p. 5
BLM: Remember
,8. An individual believes that crime is a result of poverty, racism, and other social
injustices. Which perspective on crime and criminal justice does this exemplify?
a. the Radical School
b. the Marxist School
c. the Classical School
d. the Positivist School
ANS: a
REF: p. 6
BLM: Higher order
9. An individual believes that providing correctional treatment to offenders can stop crime.
Which perspective on crime, offenders, and punishment does this exemplify?
a. the Liberal School
b. the Marxist School
c. the Classical School
d. the Reintegration School
ANS: a
REF: p. 6
BLM: Higher order
10. In what way are Cesare Lombroso, Enrico Ferri, and Raffaelo Garafalo similar to each
other?
a. They believed consequences of crime should be certain, swift, and measured.
b. They believed the primary goal of criminal justice is deterrence.
c. They believed offenders were influenced by external societal factors.
d. They believed the scientific method should be used to study criminal behaviour.
ANS: d
REF: p. 9
BLM: Remember
11. An individual believes that offenders commit crime because of neurological disorders.
Which perspective on crime, offenders, and punishment does this exemplify?
a. the Radical School
b. the Positivist School
c. the Treatment School
d. the Conservative School
ANS: b
REF: p. 9
BLM: Higher order
, 12. Which of the following is defined as ―corrections policies that are formulated in pursuit
of political objectives, often in the absence of an informed public or in spite of public opinion,
and that are centred on being ‗tough on crime‘‖?
a. penal populism
b. positivist penality
c. punitive penology
d. philosophical punishment
ANS: a
REF: p. 13
BLM: Remember
13. Which of the following is defined as ―the resistance of community residents to efforts of
corrections systems to locate programming and residences for offenders in the community‖?
a. NOTE (Not Over There Either)
b. NIMBY (Not In My Back Yard)
c. NIMN (Not in My Neighbourhood)
d. NIAC (Not in Anyone‘s Community)
ANS: b
REF: p. 15
BLM: Remember
14. What is the primary source of information about crime and criminal justice for most
Canadians?
a. the media
b. family and friends
c. personal experience
d. high school and college/university classes
ANS: a
REF: p. 15
BLM: Remember
15. What does research evidence reveal about the effectiveness of restorative justice (RJ) in
reducing re-offending?
a. RJ is as effective as probation in reducing re-offending.
b. RJ is not as effective as incarceration in reducing re-offending.
c. RJ can reduce repeat offending for property crime and violent crime.
d. RJ is more effective at reducing re-offending for property crime than for other crimes.
ANS: c
REF: p. 20
BLM: Remember
Canadian Corrections, 7th Edition Curt T. Griffiths, Danielle J. Murdoch
Chapters 1-12
Chapter 1
PERSPECTIVES ON CRIME AND PUNISHMENT
1. The government announces that nine new halfway houses are being built in the next
twelve months. What concept does this infrastructure development best illustrate?
a. penal moderation
b. restorative justice
c. correctional change
d. community decentralization
ANS: c
REF: p. 2
BLM: Higher order
2. In which century did the Catholic Church start operating ecclesiastical prisons?
a. 6th century
b. 7th century
c. 8th century
d. 9th century
ANS: a
REF: p. 3
BLM: Remember
3. In 1703, an offender was convicted of committing a criminal offence in England and was
sent to America as punishment. Which correctional strategy was the offender subject to?
a. exile
b. deportation
c. repatriation
d. transportation
ANS: d
REF: p. 3
BLM: Higher order
,4. Which year was the first house of correction opened in England?
a. 1437
b. 1557
c. 1627
d. 1717
ANS: b
REF: p. 3
BLM: Remember
5. Which individual writing during the Age of the Enlightenment believed the certainty of
punishment was the most effective deterrent against criminal behaviour?
a. Voltaire
b. Montesquieu
c. Cesare Beccaria
d. Jeremy Bentham
ANS: c
REF: p. 5
BLM: Remember
6. An individual decides not to rob a bank out of concern for getting caught, convicted, and
sentenced to a term of imprisonment. Which perspective on crime, offenders, and punishment
does this exemplify?
a. the Critical School
b. the Punitive School
c. the Classical School
d. the Rational School
ANS: c
REF: p. 5
BLM: Higher order
7. A leading reformer of the English criminal law during the 1800s suggested that offenders
engaged in hedonistic calculus. Who was it?
a. Voltaire
b. Montesquieu
c. Cesare Beccaria
d. Jeremy Bentham
ANS: d
REF: p. 5
BLM: Remember
,8. An individual believes that crime is a result of poverty, racism, and other social
injustices. Which perspective on crime and criminal justice does this exemplify?
a. the Radical School
b. the Marxist School
c. the Classical School
d. the Positivist School
ANS: a
REF: p. 6
BLM: Higher order
9. An individual believes that providing correctional treatment to offenders can stop crime.
Which perspective on crime, offenders, and punishment does this exemplify?
a. the Liberal School
b. the Marxist School
c. the Classical School
d. the Reintegration School
ANS: a
REF: p. 6
BLM: Higher order
10. In what way are Cesare Lombroso, Enrico Ferri, and Raffaelo Garafalo similar to each
other?
a. They believed consequences of crime should be certain, swift, and measured.
b. They believed the primary goal of criminal justice is deterrence.
c. They believed offenders were influenced by external societal factors.
d. They believed the scientific method should be used to study criminal behaviour.
ANS: d
REF: p. 9
BLM: Remember
11. An individual believes that offenders commit crime because of neurological disorders.
Which perspective on crime, offenders, and punishment does this exemplify?
a. the Radical School
b. the Positivist School
c. the Treatment School
d. the Conservative School
ANS: b
REF: p. 9
BLM: Higher order
, 12. Which of the following is defined as ―corrections policies that are formulated in pursuit
of political objectives, often in the absence of an informed public or in spite of public opinion,
and that are centred on being ‗tough on crime‘‖?
a. penal populism
b. positivist penality
c. punitive penology
d. philosophical punishment
ANS: a
REF: p. 13
BLM: Remember
13. Which of the following is defined as ―the resistance of community residents to efforts of
corrections systems to locate programming and residences for offenders in the community‖?
a. NOTE (Not Over There Either)
b. NIMBY (Not In My Back Yard)
c. NIMN (Not in My Neighbourhood)
d. NIAC (Not in Anyone‘s Community)
ANS: b
REF: p. 15
BLM: Remember
14. What is the primary source of information about crime and criminal justice for most
Canadians?
a. the media
b. family and friends
c. personal experience
d. high school and college/university classes
ANS: a
REF: p. 15
BLM: Remember
15. What does research evidence reveal about the effectiveness of restorative justice (RJ) in
reducing re-offending?
a. RJ is as effective as probation in reducing re-offending.
b. RJ is not as effective as incarceration in reducing re-offending.
c. RJ can reduce repeat offending for property crime and violent crime.
d. RJ is more effective at reducing re-offending for property crime than for other crimes.
ANS: c
REF: p. 20
BLM: Remember
