CNUR 204: Unit 6 - The Renal System Exam Questions and Answers with Verified Solutions | Latest Updated 2026

CNUR 204: Unit 6 - The Renal System Exam
Questions and Answers with Verified
Solutions | Latest Updated 2026



What are the functions of the - Maintaining fluid and electrolyte balances
kidneys? - Removing metabolic waste
- Maintaining acid-base balance


Briefly explain AKI - Sudden onset
- Commonly caused by acute tubular
necrosis
- High mortality rate
- Potentially reversible


What are the risk factors for CKD? - HTN
- Diabetic neuropathy
- Glomerulonephritis
- Polycystic kidney disease
- Nephrotoxic drugs (NSAIDs)


Explain stage 1 of CKD - Kidney damage with normal or increased
GFR
- Diagnosis and treatment of co-morbidities


Explain stage 2 of CKD - Kidney damage with mild decreased GFR
- Estimation of progression

, Explain stage 3 of CKD - Moderate decreased GFR
- Evaluation and treatment of
complications


Explain stage 4 of CKD - Severe decreased GFR
- Preparation for RRT


Explain stage 5 of CKD - Kidney failure
- ESRD
- RRT if uremia present


What is the onset of ESRD? Constellation of signs and symptoms
(uremia).


What are the urinary clinical - Nocturia
manifestations of CKD? - Anuria
- Oliguria


What are the metabolic - Altered carbohydrate metabolism
disturbances/clinical - Elevated triglycerides
manifestations - Waste product accumulation
of CKD?


What are the electrolyte/acid-base - High potassium
clinical manifestations of CKD? - Normal to low sodium
- Low calcium
- High phosphate
- Metabolic acidosis