unit weight, strength, stability of slopes, loose soils must be compacted to: increase (3), decrease (1)
amount of settlement in structures
compaction the densification of soil by removal of air and water by means of
mechanical energy
dry unit weight degree of compaction measures in terms of:
water compaction and rearrangement of particles facilitated by means
of:
softening movement water acts as a ___ agent, and allows for the ___ of the soil
particles
3 25 in the standard proctor test, soil is mixed with varying amount of
water and is compacted to fill ___ equal layers by a hammer
that delivers ___ blows to each layer
moisture content, soil type (grain-size compaction is affected by: (3)
distribution, amount and type of clay, specific
gravity of soil), compaction effort
max dry unit weight optimum moisture as the compaction effort is increased: ___ increases, and ___
content decreases
heavy rollers the modified proctor test uses ___ to represent better field
conditions
5 heavier higher in the modified proctor test, soil is mixed with varying amounts
of water and is compacted to fill ___ equal layers by a ___
hammer at a ___ elevation
before water content needs to be adjusted ___ compaction
type of soil, size of project, compaction choice of equipment for field compaction depends on: (4)
requirements, required production rate
grid, sheepsfoot, smooth-wheel, (pneumatic) most common types of compactors (5):
rubber-tired, vibratory
pressure (high contact), impact (dropping a compactions mechanisms (4):
weight), vibration, manipulation
shearing manipulation of soil impacts ___ forces
, grid and vibratory two rollers suitable for granular (gravel and sand) soils
sheepsfoot ___ roller compacts soil bottom up
clay and silt sheepsfoot roller suitable for ___ soils
sheepsfoot roller with largest contact pressure (300-700psi)
rubber-tired ___ roller suitable for sandy and clayey soil
smooth-wheel roller with very low contact pressure (45-55psi)
vibration smooth-wheel roller not very effective without ___
vibratory ___ roller can be incorporated in any type of roller
off-center vibration in vibratory rollers produced by rotating ___ weights
thickness of the lift, contact pressure, number factors affecting the success of field compaction (3):
of passes
field unit weight evaluation of ___ is needed to ensure success of compaction
sand cone, nuclear, rubber balloon 3 methods used to determine field unit weight
inexpensive and durable slow the sand cone method of determining field unit weight is ___
and ___ but ___
gamma the nuclear method of determining field unit weight uses ___
rays emitted from the source and absorbed by the soil and
water atoms
denser water the ___ the soil and more ___ present, the more rays are
absorbed in nuclear method
amount of settlement in structures
compaction the densification of soil by removal of air and water by means of
mechanical energy
dry unit weight degree of compaction measures in terms of:
water compaction and rearrangement of particles facilitated by means
of:
softening movement water acts as a ___ agent, and allows for the ___ of the soil
particles
3 25 in the standard proctor test, soil is mixed with varying amount of
water and is compacted to fill ___ equal layers by a hammer
that delivers ___ blows to each layer
moisture content, soil type (grain-size compaction is affected by: (3)
distribution, amount and type of clay, specific
gravity of soil), compaction effort
max dry unit weight optimum moisture as the compaction effort is increased: ___ increases, and ___
content decreases
heavy rollers the modified proctor test uses ___ to represent better field
conditions
5 heavier higher in the modified proctor test, soil is mixed with varying amounts
of water and is compacted to fill ___ equal layers by a ___
hammer at a ___ elevation
before water content needs to be adjusted ___ compaction
type of soil, size of project, compaction choice of equipment for field compaction depends on: (4)
requirements, required production rate
grid, sheepsfoot, smooth-wheel, (pneumatic) most common types of compactors (5):
rubber-tired, vibratory
pressure (high contact), impact (dropping a compactions mechanisms (4):
weight), vibration, manipulation
shearing manipulation of soil impacts ___ forces
, grid and vibratory two rollers suitable for granular (gravel and sand) soils
sheepsfoot ___ roller compacts soil bottom up
clay and silt sheepsfoot roller suitable for ___ soils
sheepsfoot roller with largest contact pressure (300-700psi)
rubber-tired ___ roller suitable for sandy and clayey soil
smooth-wheel roller with very low contact pressure (45-55psi)
vibration smooth-wheel roller not very effective without ___
vibratory ___ roller can be incorporated in any type of roller
off-center vibration in vibratory rollers produced by rotating ___ weights
thickness of the lift, contact pressure, number factors affecting the success of field compaction (3):
of passes
field unit weight evaluation of ___ is needed to ensure success of compaction
sand cone, nuclear, rubber balloon 3 methods used to determine field unit weight
inexpensive and durable slow the sand cone method of determining field unit weight is ___
and ___ but ___
gamma the nuclear method of determining field unit weight uses ___
rays emitted from the source and absorbed by the soil and
water atoms
denser water the ___ the soil and more ___ present, the more rays are
absorbed in nuclear method
