COMAT - FAMILY MEDICINE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Causes xzof xzsecondary xzHTN xz- xzANSWERS-*renal xzartery xzstenosis* xz→ xzmost
xzcommon xzcause xzof xz2° xzHTN
endocrine xzcauses: xzhyperaldosteronism, xzthyroid xzor xzparathyroid xzdisease, xzCushing
xzsyndrome, xzpheochromocytoma, xzhyperthyroidism, xzacromegaly
medications: xz*oral xzcontraceptives* xz→ xzmost xzcommon xz2° xzcause xzof xzHTN,
xzdecongestants, xzestrogen, xzappetite xzsuppressants, xzchronic xzsteroids, xzTCAs,
xzNSAIDs
coarctation xzof xzthe xzaorta
cocaine
OSA
Stage xzI xzHTN xz- xzANSWERS-140-159 xz/ xz90-99
Stage xzII xzHTN xz- xzANSWERS-> xz160/100
Hypertensive xzurgency xz- xzANSWERS-systolic xzBP xz> xz180
diastolic xzBP xz> xz120 xz
*asymptomatic xzpt*
Hypertensive xzemergency xz- xzANSWERS-severe xzHTN xzwith xz*end xzorgan xzdamage*
xz(neurological xzchanges, xzmyocardial xzischemia, xzaortic xzdissection)
common xzend xzresult xzof xzuntreated xzHTN xz- xzANSWERS-*CHF* xzdue xzto xzLVH xzfrom
xzchronic xzHTN
prophylaxis xzfor xzcluster xzheadaches xz- xzANSWERS-Prophylaxis xzfor xzcluster
xzheadaches: xz*VERAPAMIL*
prophylaxis xzfor xzmigraines xz- xzANSWERS-1st xzline xzmigraine xzprophylaxis:
- xz*B-BLOCKER xz(PROPANOLOL)* xzis xzmost xzeffective
- xz*AMITRIPTYLINE xz(TCA)*
2nd xzline xzagents:
- xzverapamil
, - xzvalproic xzacid
-methysergide
insidious xzonset xzof xzcough, xzfever, xzdyspnea, xzand xzpleuritic xzchest xzpain
treatment? xz- xzANSWERS-community xzacquired xzatypical xzor xz"walking" xzpneumonia
- xzusually xzcaused xzby xzMycoplasma xzpneumoniae
- xzCXR xzmost xzoften xzshows xz*peribronchial xzpneumona xzwith xzdiffuse xzreticulonodular
xzinfiltrates*
treatment: xz*AZITHROMYCIN xz(macrolides)* xzsince xzMycoplasma xzhas xzno xzcell
xzwalls
- xzmacrolides xzbind xzto xzbacterial xzribosome xzand xzprevent xzprotein xzsynthesis
goal xzINR xzfor xzAFib xzpatients xztreated xzwith xzwarfarin xz- xzANSWERS-*INR xz2-3*
if xzsigns xzof xzbleed, xzreverse xzwith xz*vitamin xzK* xzor xz*fresh xzfrozen xzplasma*
recurrent xzabdominal xzpain
diarrhea
weight xzloss
possible xzfever
(in xza xzchild xzor xzyoung xzadult)
how xzto xzdiagnose? xz- xzANSWERS-*inflammatory xzbowel xzdisease*
diagnosis: xz*COLONOSCOPY xzWITH xzMUCOSAL xzBIOPSY xzSAMPLING*
- xzto xzassess xzextend xzof xzbowel xzinvolvement, xzuse xz*CT xzSCAN xzOF xzABDOMEN*
treatment:
- xzfor xzCrohns: xzanti-inflammatory, xzand xzimmunosuppressants
3 xznutritional xzdeficiencies xzin xzCrohn xzdisease xz- xzANSWERS-calcium
iron xz(one xzof xzthe xzearliest xznutritional xzdeficiencies xzdetected)
vitamin xzD
as xzwell xzas:
vit xzB xz12
folic xzacid
vitamins xzA, xzD, xzE, xzand xzK
Mg
Phosphorous
Zn
positive xzLloyd's xzsign xz- xzANSWERS-*costovertebral xzangle xztenderness* xzshowing
xz*pyelonephritis*
young xzmale xzwith xzrecurrent xzUTIs
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Causes xzof xzsecondary xzHTN xz- xzANSWERS-*renal xzartery xzstenosis* xz→ xzmost
xzcommon xzcause xzof xz2° xzHTN
endocrine xzcauses: xzhyperaldosteronism, xzthyroid xzor xzparathyroid xzdisease, xzCushing
xzsyndrome, xzpheochromocytoma, xzhyperthyroidism, xzacromegaly
medications: xz*oral xzcontraceptives* xz→ xzmost xzcommon xz2° xzcause xzof xzHTN,
xzdecongestants, xzestrogen, xzappetite xzsuppressants, xzchronic xzsteroids, xzTCAs,
xzNSAIDs
coarctation xzof xzthe xzaorta
cocaine
OSA
Stage xzI xzHTN xz- xzANSWERS-140-159 xz/ xz90-99
Stage xzII xzHTN xz- xzANSWERS-> xz160/100
Hypertensive xzurgency xz- xzANSWERS-systolic xzBP xz> xz180
diastolic xzBP xz> xz120 xz
*asymptomatic xzpt*
Hypertensive xzemergency xz- xzANSWERS-severe xzHTN xzwith xz*end xzorgan xzdamage*
xz(neurological xzchanges, xzmyocardial xzischemia, xzaortic xzdissection)
common xzend xzresult xzof xzuntreated xzHTN xz- xzANSWERS-*CHF* xzdue xzto xzLVH xzfrom
xzchronic xzHTN
prophylaxis xzfor xzcluster xzheadaches xz- xzANSWERS-Prophylaxis xzfor xzcluster
xzheadaches: xz*VERAPAMIL*
prophylaxis xzfor xzmigraines xz- xzANSWERS-1st xzline xzmigraine xzprophylaxis:
- xz*B-BLOCKER xz(PROPANOLOL)* xzis xzmost xzeffective
- xz*AMITRIPTYLINE xz(TCA)*
2nd xzline xzagents:
- xzverapamil
, - xzvalproic xzacid
-methysergide
insidious xzonset xzof xzcough, xzfever, xzdyspnea, xzand xzpleuritic xzchest xzpain
treatment? xz- xzANSWERS-community xzacquired xzatypical xzor xz"walking" xzpneumonia
- xzusually xzcaused xzby xzMycoplasma xzpneumoniae
- xzCXR xzmost xzoften xzshows xz*peribronchial xzpneumona xzwith xzdiffuse xzreticulonodular
xzinfiltrates*
treatment: xz*AZITHROMYCIN xz(macrolides)* xzsince xzMycoplasma xzhas xzno xzcell
xzwalls
- xzmacrolides xzbind xzto xzbacterial xzribosome xzand xzprevent xzprotein xzsynthesis
goal xzINR xzfor xzAFib xzpatients xztreated xzwith xzwarfarin xz- xzANSWERS-*INR xz2-3*
if xzsigns xzof xzbleed, xzreverse xzwith xz*vitamin xzK* xzor xz*fresh xzfrozen xzplasma*
recurrent xzabdominal xzpain
diarrhea
weight xzloss
possible xzfever
(in xza xzchild xzor xzyoung xzadult)
how xzto xzdiagnose? xz- xzANSWERS-*inflammatory xzbowel xzdisease*
diagnosis: xz*COLONOSCOPY xzWITH xzMUCOSAL xzBIOPSY xzSAMPLING*
- xzto xzassess xzextend xzof xzbowel xzinvolvement, xzuse xz*CT xzSCAN xzOF xzABDOMEN*
treatment:
- xzfor xzCrohns: xzanti-inflammatory, xzand xzimmunosuppressants
3 xznutritional xzdeficiencies xzin xzCrohn xzdisease xz- xzANSWERS-calcium
iron xz(one xzof xzthe xzearliest xznutritional xzdeficiencies xzdetected)
vitamin xzD
as xzwell xzas:
vit xzB xz12
folic xzacid
vitamins xzA, xzD, xzE, xzand xzK
Mg
Phosphorous
Zn
positive xzLloyd's xzsign xz- xzANSWERS-*costovertebral xzangle xztenderness* xzshowing
xz*pyelonephritis*
young xzmale xzwith xzrecurrent xzUTIs
