NSG3600 Exam 1 V1 | NSG 3600 Nursing
Practice – Children’s Health Exam Q&A |
Galen College of Nursing
1. According to Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, which conflict must an infant
(birth to 1 year) resolve?
A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
B. Industry vs. Inferiority
C. Initiative vs. Guilt
D. Trust vs. Mistrust
Answer: D
Rationale: In Erikson’s theory, the primary task of infancy is developing a sense of trust
when caregivers provide reliability, care, and affection. A lack of this leads to a sense of
mistrust in the world and others. Nurses should encourage parental presence to foster this
trust during hospitalization.
2. When performing a physical assessment on a sleeping 8-month-old infant, which action
should the nurse perform first?
A. Check the pupillary reflex
B. Auscultate the heart and lungs
C. Examine the ears with an otoscope
,D. Measure the head circumference
Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should perform the least invasive and quietest procedures first while
the infant is calm or sleeping. Auscultating the heart, lungs, and abdomen is ideal at this
time because crying will make hearing these sounds difficult. Invasive or traumatic
procedures, like checking ears or throat, should always be saved for the end.
3. A mother of a 3-year-old child expresses concern that her child is not eating as much as
they used to. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
A. Toddlers experience a decrease in appetite known as physiological anorexia.
B. This is a medical emergency and requires immediate blood work.
C. Force the child to eat a full plate of food three times a day.
D. The child likely has a parasite and needs a stool sample.
Answer: A
Rationale: Toddlers typically experience a slowed growth rate compared to infancy,
leading to a natural decrease in appetite known as physiological anorexia. The nurse
should reassure the parent that this is normal and suggest offering small, nutrient-dense
portions. It is important to look at the child’s growth chart over time rather than intake at a
single meal.
4. Which principle is a core component of Family-Centered Care in pediatrics?
A. The physician makes all decisions for the child’s care.
, B. Family members are visitors and should have restricted hours.
C. Nursing care is provided without parental input to maintain sterile technique.
D. Recognizing the family as the constant in the child’s life.
Answer: D
Rationale: Family-Centered Care recognizes that the family is the primary source of
strength and support for the child. This approach involves collaboration between health
care providers and the family in all aspects of care. It empowers parents to be active
participants in the decision-making process for their child’s health.
5. A 5-year-old child is scheduled for a surgical procedure. How should the nurse explain the
procedure to the child?
A. Use medical terminology to ensure technical accuracy.
B. Explain the procedure two weeks in advance so they can prepare.
C. Do not explain anything to avoid causing unnecessary anxiety.
D. Use simple words and concrete terms, perhaps using a doll.
Answer: D
Rationale: Preschoolers are in the preoperational stage and think concretely and literally.
Using a doll or medical play helps the child visualize what will happen in a non-threatening
way. Explanations should be simple, honest, and provided shortly before the procedure to
prevent long-term rumination.
Practice – Children’s Health Exam Q&A |
Galen College of Nursing
1. According to Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, which conflict must an infant
(birth to 1 year) resolve?
A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
B. Industry vs. Inferiority
C. Initiative vs. Guilt
D. Trust vs. Mistrust
Answer: D
Rationale: In Erikson’s theory, the primary task of infancy is developing a sense of trust
when caregivers provide reliability, care, and affection. A lack of this leads to a sense of
mistrust in the world and others. Nurses should encourage parental presence to foster this
trust during hospitalization.
2. When performing a physical assessment on a sleeping 8-month-old infant, which action
should the nurse perform first?
A. Check the pupillary reflex
B. Auscultate the heart and lungs
C. Examine the ears with an otoscope
,D. Measure the head circumference
Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should perform the least invasive and quietest procedures first while
the infant is calm or sleeping. Auscultating the heart, lungs, and abdomen is ideal at this
time because crying will make hearing these sounds difficult. Invasive or traumatic
procedures, like checking ears or throat, should always be saved for the end.
3. A mother of a 3-year-old child expresses concern that her child is not eating as much as
they used to. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
A. Toddlers experience a decrease in appetite known as physiological anorexia.
B. This is a medical emergency and requires immediate blood work.
C. Force the child to eat a full plate of food three times a day.
D. The child likely has a parasite and needs a stool sample.
Answer: A
Rationale: Toddlers typically experience a slowed growth rate compared to infancy,
leading to a natural decrease in appetite known as physiological anorexia. The nurse
should reassure the parent that this is normal and suggest offering small, nutrient-dense
portions. It is important to look at the child’s growth chart over time rather than intake at a
single meal.
4. Which principle is a core component of Family-Centered Care in pediatrics?
A. The physician makes all decisions for the child’s care.
, B. Family members are visitors and should have restricted hours.
C. Nursing care is provided without parental input to maintain sterile technique.
D. Recognizing the family as the constant in the child’s life.
Answer: D
Rationale: Family-Centered Care recognizes that the family is the primary source of
strength and support for the child. This approach involves collaboration between health
care providers and the family in all aspects of care. It empowers parents to be active
participants in the decision-making process for their child’s health.
5. A 5-year-old child is scheduled for a surgical procedure. How should the nurse explain the
procedure to the child?
A. Use medical terminology to ensure technical accuracy.
B. Explain the procedure two weeks in advance so they can prepare.
C. Do not explain anything to avoid causing unnecessary anxiety.
D. Use simple words and concrete terms, perhaps using a doll.
Answer: D
Rationale: Preschoolers are in the preoperational stage and think concretely and literally.
Using a doll or medical play helps the child visualize what will happen in a non-threatening
way. Explanations should be simple, honest, and provided shortly before the procedure to
prevent long-term rumination.
