NSG 322 - Med Surg Exam 5 Study Guide.

NSG 322 - Med Surg Exam 5 Study Guide/NSG 322 - Med Surg Exam 5 Study Guide. Chapter 32 – Hypertension Hypertension Direct relationship between hypertension and cardiovascular disease • Affects 33% of adults in U.S. • Additional 30% have prehypertension • High priority health concern identified in Healthy People 2020 Factors Influencing BP: Blood pressure = cardiac output x systemic vascular resistance o Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) o Activation increases HR and cardiac contractility, vasoconstriction, renin increases CO and SVR o Baroreceptors: sensitive to stretching; send impulses to sympathetic vasomotor center; carotids, vessels o Vascular Endothelium: produces vasoactive substances to maintain low arterial tone o Endocrine System: Epinephrine and norepinephrine from adrenal medulla Aldosterone from adrenal cortex ADH from posterior pituitary Renal System: