BIOL 2050: Chapter 5 - Membrane Structure, Synthesis, and
Transport UPDATED ACTUAL and Correct Answers
Question: phosopholipid bilayer
Answer:
cell membrane framework which is composed of amphipathic molecules with
hydrophobic (nonpolar) molecules on the inside and hydrophilic (polar) molecules on the outside
Question: fluid-moasic model
Answer:
cell membranes are composed of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrate molecules that
can move relative to each other within the membrane
Question: transmembrane proteins
Answer:
proteins that are physically embedded in the hydrophobic portion of the
phospholipid bilayer
Question: lipid-anchored proteins
Answer:
an amino acid of the protein is covalently attached to a lipid inside the cell
membrane
Question: peripheral membrane proteins
Answer:
proteins that are noncovalently bound to either integral membrane
proteins projecting out of the cell membrane, or to polar heads of phospholipids
Question: lipid rafts
Answer:
certain lips that strongly associate to float together as a unit across the cell membrane
Question: factors affecting fluidity
Answer:
Length of fatty acyl tails
Presence of double bonds in the acyl tails
Presence of cholesterol
, Question: synthesis of lipids
Answer:
In eukaryotes, the cytosol and endomembrane system work together to make fatty acid
building blocks and processing in the smooth ER
Question: glycosylation
Answer:
Process of covalently attaching a carbohydrate to a protein or lipid. Glycoprotein = carbohydrate to
protein. Glycolipid = carbohydrate to lipid.
play a role in cell surface recognition
Question: passive transport
Answer:
the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by
the cell
Question: passive diffusion
Answer:
type of passive transport, diffusion of a solute through a membrane without transport
protein (movement by osmosis alone)
Question: facilitated diffusion
Answer:
type of passive transport, diffusion of a solute through a membrane with the aid
of a transport protein
Question: active transport
Answer:
Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration
difference
Question: selective permeability
Answer:
the cell membrane allows some, but not all, materials to cross to control
entering and exiting of materials
Question: transmembrane gradient
Answer:
Transport UPDATED ACTUAL and Correct Answers
Question: phosopholipid bilayer
Answer:
cell membrane framework which is composed of amphipathic molecules with
hydrophobic (nonpolar) molecules on the inside and hydrophilic (polar) molecules on the outside
Question: fluid-moasic model
Answer:
cell membranes are composed of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrate molecules that
can move relative to each other within the membrane
Question: transmembrane proteins
Answer:
proteins that are physically embedded in the hydrophobic portion of the
phospholipid bilayer
Question: lipid-anchored proteins
Answer:
an amino acid of the protein is covalently attached to a lipid inside the cell
membrane
Question: peripheral membrane proteins
Answer:
proteins that are noncovalently bound to either integral membrane
proteins projecting out of the cell membrane, or to polar heads of phospholipids
Question: lipid rafts
Answer:
certain lips that strongly associate to float together as a unit across the cell membrane
Question: factors affecting fluidity
Answer:
Length of fatty acyl tails
Presence of double bonds in the acyl tails
Presence of cholesterol
, Question: synthesis of lipids
Answer:
In eukaryotes, the cytosol and endomembrane system work together to make fatty acid
building blocks and processing in the smooth ER
Question: glycosylation
Answer:
Process of covalently attaching a carbohydrate to a protein or lipid. Glycoprotein = carbohydrate to
protein. Glycolipid = carbohydrate to lipid.
play a role in cell surface recognition
Question: passive transport
Answer:
the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by
the cell
Question: passive diffusion
Answer:
type of passive transport, diffusion of a solute through a membrane without transport
protein (movement by osmosis alone)
Question: facilitated diffusion
Answer:
type of passive transport, diffusion of a solute through a membrane with the aid
of a transport protein
Question: active transport
Answer:
Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration
difference
Question: selective permeability
Answer:
the cell membrane allows some, but not all, materials to cross to control
entering and exiting of materials
Question: transmembrane gradient
Answer:
