BIO 181 FINAL EXAM UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE
●● genotype
Answer: genetic makeup (alleles) of an organism
●● difference between phenotype and genotype
Answer: genotype = genes; phenotype = physical expression of those
genes
●● dominant allele
Answer: an allele that is expressed even when only one copy is present
●● recessive allele
Answer: only expressed when two copies are present (no dominant allele
present)
●● homozygouis
Answer: having two identical alleles (AA or aa)
●● heterozygous
, Answer: having two different alleles (Aa)
●● true-breeding
Answer: organisms that produce offspring identical to themseles when
self-crossed (homozygous)
●● F1 generation
Answer: first offspring generation from a parental (P) cross
●● parental generation (P)
Answer: original organism in a genetic cross
●● law of segregation
Answer: alleles separate during gamete formation; each gamete carries
one
●● Law of Independent Assortment
Answer: genes for different traits assort independently during gamete
formation
●● how meiosis shows independent assortment
Answer: chromosomes align randomly in metaphase I
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE
●● genotype
Answer: genetic makeup (alleles) of an organism
●● difference between phenotype and genotype
Answer: genotype = genes; phenotype = physical expression of those
genes
●● dominant allele
Answer: an allele that is expressed even when only one copy is present
●● recessive allele
Answer: only expressed when two copies are present (no dominant allele
present)
●● homozygouis
Answer: having two identical alleles (AA or aa)
●● heterozygous
, Answer: having two different alleles (Aa)
●● true-breeding
Answer: organisms that produce offspring identical to themseles when
self-crossed (homozygous)
●● F1 generation
Answer: first offspring generation from a parental (P) cross
●● parental generation (P)
Answer: original organism in a genetic cross
●● law of segregation
Answer: alleles separate during gamete formation; each gamete carries
one
●● Law of Independent Assortment
Answer: genes for different traits assort independently during gamete
formation
●● how meiosis shows independent assortment
Answer: chromosomes align randomly in metaphase I