NR 568 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE (QUESTIONS AND
EXPERT GRADED A+ ANSWERS) | LATEST VERSION
1. Prevention of Osteoporosis with Hormone Replacement Therapy -
ANSWER Estrogen therapy helps maintain bone density and prevent
osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. HRT is only recommended when
the benefits outweigh risks
2. When/when not to use progestin for HRT - ANSWER Should be added to
estrogen therapy in women with an intact uterus to prevent endometrial
hyperplasia and reduce risk of endometrial cancer. UNNECESSARY IN
WOMEN WITHOUT A UTERUS
3. What are local estrogen options and what are they used for - ANSWER ex:
vaginal rings and creams, used for GU symptoms like vaginal dryness
without significant systemic effects
4. benefits of testosterone replacement - ANSWER Increased energy,
improved libido, and muscle mass in men with hypogonadism
5. Patient teaching for testosterone replacement - ANSWER Proper
application of transdermal preparations, and potential side effects like acne
and changes in mood
6. What's the treatment of delayed puberty? - ANSWER Androgen therapy is
initiated when there's a confirmed delayed puberty typically starting at 12-14
years old short courses are used to jumpstart puberty
7. Therapeutic effects of androgen therapy - ANSWER Increased muscle
mass, bone density, and red blood cell production
,8. Adverse effects of androgen therapy - ANSWER Acne increased
cholesterol levels and liver toxicity with oral forms
9. What monitoring is done for Androgen therapy - ANSWER Hematocrit
liver enzymes and cholesterol levels
10.What's the preferred route for Alprostadil (ED) - ANSWER Intracavernosal
injection or urethral suppository for the treatment of ED. These methods
deliver the drug directly to the site of action with minimal systemic effects.
11.What is the patient teaching for those with ED? - ANSWER Educate about
the timing of medication's and potential side effects. Examples include
hypotension and headaches.
12.What medication's are given for ED - ANSWER Vasodilators ex:
phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (sildenafil and Tadalafil)
13.What ED medication is used for those who don't respond to oral medications
well - ANSWER PGE1 ex: Alprostadil
14.What drug reduces the prostate size in patients with BPH - ANSWER 5a
reductive inhibitors ex: finasteride
Adverse effects: decreased libido and ED
15.What drug improves urinary flow by relaxing the smooth muscles and
patients with BPH - ANSWER A1 blockers ex: Tamsulosin
Adverse effects: hypotension and dizziness
, 16.What drug has a dual benefit of improving BPH and erectile dysfunction? -
ANSWER Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors ex: tadalafil
17.What drug and dose is used to treat chlamydia - ANSWER Azithromycin 1
g single dose or doxycycline 100 mg twice a day for seven days?
18.What are system estrogen options and what are they used for - ANSWER
ex: transdermal patches and oral formulations, used for generalized
menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes and prevention of osteoporosis
19.What are transdermal estrogen options and what are they used for -
ANSWER has fewer adverse effects compared to oral estrogen and has a
reduced risk of venous thromboembolism and stroke
20.What Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM) is used to treat
osteoporosis - ANSWER Bazedoxifene, benefits bones and protects against
breast cancer
21.How do you change a patient from one combo oral contraceptive (OC) to
another - ANSWER Switch after the last active pill of the previous pack
without a break
22.How to start OC treatment - ANSWER best to start on the first day of
menstruations or the first Sunday after menstruations. If started mid-cycle,
backup contraption should be used for a week
23.What to educate patients on when taking OCs - ANSWER Importance of
adherence, what to do if dose is missed, and potential side effects ex: nausea,
breakthrough bleeding
EXPERT GRADED A+ ANSWERS) | LATEST VERSION
1. Prevention of Osteoporosis with Hormone Replacement Therapy -
ANSWER Estrogen therapy helps maintain bone density and prevent
osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. HRT is only recommended when
the benefits outweigh risks
2. When/when not to use progestin for HRT - ANSWER Should be added to
estrogen therapy in women with an intact uterus to prevent endometrial
hyperplasia and reduce risk of endometrial cancer. UNNECESSARY IN
WOMEN WITHOUT A UTERUS
3. What are local estrogen options and what are they used for - ANSWER ex:
vaginal rings and creams, used for GU symptoms like vaginal dryness
without significant systemic effects
4. benefits of testosterone replacement - ANSWER Increased energy,
improved libido, and muscle mass in men with hypogonadism
5. Patient teaching for testosterone replacement - ANSWER Proper
application of transdermal preparations, and potential side effects like acne
and changes in mood
6. What's the treatment of delayed puberty? - ANSWER Androgen therapy is
initiated when there's a confirmed delayed puberty typically starting at 12-14
years old short courses are used to jumpstart puberty
7. Therapeutic effects of androgen therapy - ANSWER Increased muscle
mass, bone density, and red blood cell production
,8. Adverse effects of androgen therapy - ANSWER Acne increased
cholesterol levels and liver toxicity with oral forms
9. What monitoring is done for Androgen therapy - ANSWER Hematocrit
liver enzymes and cholesterol levels
10.What's the preferred route for Alprostadil (ED) - ANSWER Intracavernosal
injection or urethral suppository for the treatment of ED. These methods
deliver the drug directly to the site of action with minimal systemic effects.
11.What is the patient teaching for those with ED? - ANSWER Educate about
the timing of medication's and potential side effects. Examples include
hypotension and headaches.
12.What medication's are given for ED - ANSWER Vasodilators ex:
phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (sildenafil and Tadalafil)
13.What ED medication is used for those who don't respond to oral medications
well - ANSWER PGE1 ex: Alprostadil
14.What drug reduces the prostate size in patients with BPH - ANSWER 5a
reductive inhibitors ex: finasteride
Adverse effects: decreased libido and ED
15.What drug improves urinary flow by relaxing the smooth muscles and
patients with BPH - ANSWER A1 blockers ex: Tamsulosin
Adverse effects: hypotension and dizziness
, 16.What drug has a dual benefit of improving BPH and erectile dysfunction? -
ANSWER Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors ex: tadalafil
17.What drug and dose is used to treat chlamydia - ANSWER Azithromycin 1
g single dose or doxycycline 100 mg twice a day for seven days?
18.What are system estrogen options and what are they used for - ANSWER
ex: transdermal patches and oral formulations, used for generalized
menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes and prevention of osteoporosis
19.What are transdermal estrogen options and what are they used for -
ANSWER has fewer adverse effects compared to oral estrogen and has a
reduced risk of venous thromboembolism and stroke
20.What Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM) is used to treat
osteoporosis - ANSWER Bazedoxifene, benefits bones and protects against
breast cancer
21.How do you change a patient from one combo oral contraceptive (OC) to
another - ANSWER Switch after the last active pill of the previous pack
without a break
22.How to start OC treatment - ANSWER best to start on the first day of
menstruations or the first Sunday after menstruations. If started mid-cycle,
backup contraption should be used for a week
23.What to educate patients on when taking OCs - ANSWER Importance of
adherence, what to do if dose is missed, and potential side effects ex: nausea,
breakthrough bleeding
