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The Gastrointestinal System – Medical-Surgical Nursing Study Guide and Comprehensive Review

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This document provides a comprehensive overview of the gastrointestinal (GI) system as covered in medical-surgical nursing courses. It includes key concepts related to GI anatomy and physiology, assessment, diagnostic procedures, common gastrointestinal disorders, pharmacologic management, nursing interventions, and patient education. The material is designed to strengthen clinical reasoning and support the application of evidence-based nursing care for patients with gastrointestinal conditions. It serves as a valuable review resource for nursing coursework, clinical practice, and exam preparation.

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THE GASTROINTESTINAL
SYSTEM MED-SURG WITH
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+ (2026
VERSION)
What are the functions of the digestive tract? - answer-Ingestion

Digestion

Absorption of Nutrients

Elimination of Wastes



What are the main accessory structures of the digestive tract? - answer-Mouth,
pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, Anus.



What are the accessory structures of the digestive tract? - answer-Salivary glands, liver,
gallbladder, Pancreas



Diagnostic Tests and Procedures - answer-Radio-graphic studies:

CT-computed tomography

Virtual colonoscopy

MRI- magnetic Resonance imaging-provides better view normal vs. abnormal
pathological tissue.

Endoscopic Tests

Colonoscopy: Pt, (NPO) for several hours, prior to procedure for prepping bowels.

(Risk for Electrolyte imbalances, dehydration and metabolic acidosis.



Laboratory Studies (Contrast media assess for allergies (SHELLFISH ALLERGIES). -
answer-Gastric analysis, occult blood test, stool examination.

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