STEDI.ORG FINAL REVIEW
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE 2026
FULL QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◍ The practice of demanding that students pass an exit exam to graduate from
high school is widening the achievement gap between White students and
minority/low-income students. When an assessment takes on this degree of
magnitude, it is specifically called:-International assessment-Accountability
testing-High-stakes testing-Standards-based testing.
Answer: High-stakes testingCorrect. Exit exams can indicate achievement
but also can identify discrepancies in resources, teacher quality, or language,
which are often beyond the control of minority and low-income students.
◍ Ms. Wickett is showing preschool children cards with letters on them. She
holds up a card and says, "This letter is an
A. Think about what the letter A looks like." She stops, puts the card down
for 2 seconds, brings the card back up and asks, "What letter is this?" Ms.
Wickett is using what memory type to help students learn
letters?-Long-term memory-Working memory-Sensory memory-Discovery
memory.
Answer: Sensory memoryCorrect. Sensory memory briefly holds
information as the information is processed. By using one card at time in a
systematic manner, students have more opportunity to learn the letter before
being challenged with a second one.
◍ Group IQ tests have been criticized for favoring a particular class or culture
because of the limited perspective of the questions. This means these tests
are considered:-Culturally neutral-Culturally invalid-Culturally
, biased-Culturally nonbiased.
Answer: Culturally biasedCorrect. If a test is considered culturally biased,
the test is more an assessment of how informed students are about a class or
culture, not how intelligent they are.
◍ Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) studies are justification for teachers
to help students develop competence, positive self-concepts, and a sense of
well-being. What the ACE tells us is that children who experience more
adverse childhood experiences:-Are unable to love-Need family
counseling-Are at greater risk for disease and psychological problems-Learn
to handle stress with few consequences.
Answer: Are at greater risk for disease and psychological problemsCorrect.
The higher a child's ACE score with elements of stress, abuse, and neglect,
the greater the risk for disease and psychological problems when the child
grows up.
◍ In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, "Safety Needs" are considered a deficiency
need. This means that:-The safer students feel, the more likely you can then
address physiological needs for food and shelter.-The safer students feel, the
more you need to consciously demonstrate they are safe.-The safer students
feel, the less you need to consciously demonstrate to them they are safe.-The
safer students feel, the less likely they will trust you..
Answer: The safer students feel, the less you need to consciously
demonstrate to them they are safe.Correct. Safety needs is one of the basic
deficiency needs in Maslow's hierarchy. It is essential we make students feel
safe before they are willing to move up the needs ladder to feeling like they
trust and belong in our classes.
◍ Even though Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences is not strongly
backed by research, it can be relevant for teachers as they:-Identify a student
as needing special education resources-Design interventions for students
with high ACE (Adverse Childhood Experiences) score-Separate students
into groups based on Gardner's theory-Design a variety of teaching
experiences to encourage students to use their strengths.
, Answer: Design a variety of teaching experiences to encourage students to
use their strengthsCorrect. Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences helps
teachers think about ways to approach student learning from several
different angles.
◍ Which is a true statement regarding children's stages of
development?-Children go through very different developmental changes of
growth at different rates.-Children go through predictable developmental
changes of growth at the same rates.-Children go through very different
developmental changes of growth at the same rate.-Children go through
predictable developmental changes of growth but at different rates..
Answer: Children go through predictable developmental changes of growth
but at different rates.Correct. Biologists and psychologists have identified
patterns in human development in the areas of cognitive development,
psychomotor development, and moral reasoning, and children do not go
through these patterns at the same rate.
◍ Kohlberg's theory of moral development says that there are three levels of
development as humans develop values and principles of moral judgment.
Some have criticized his model because they feel it looks at moral
development from a male perspective. The suggested male perspective of
moral development is that:-The male perspective of moral reasoning reflects
the time period (1958) the theory was developed.-Moral reasoning addresses
the individual's responsibility to other people.-Moral reasoning addresses
the rights of the individual.Correct. This is considered the male perspective
as opposed to the female perspective of moral development that addresses
the individual's responsibility to other people.-Moral reasoning reflects the
perspective of Kohlberg, who was male..
Answer: Moral reasoning addresses the rights of the individual.Correct. This
is considered the male perspective as opposed to the female perspective of
moral development that addresses the individual's
◍ Teachers should learn their students' learning style preferences to help
individualize instruction. Learning style preferences would include:-If a
, student says they like to learn-Where a student likes to study-A student's
individual IQ-If a student likes their teacher.
Answer: Where a student likes to studyCorrect. Some students like formal
settings, some more relaxed, some quiet, some noisy. Knowing where a
student functions best is one learning style preference that helps teachers
individualize instruction.
◍ Individual intelligence tests are valued in the field of special education
because they:-Classify students into groups with students who have similar
scores-Specify ways to improve a student's area of disability-Are helpful in
diagnosing a student's strengths and weaknesses-Help determine a student's
learning style.
Answer: Are helpful in diagnosing a student's strengths and
weaknessesCorrect. If an IQ test is given individually, it is useful in
identifying that individual's strengths and weaknesses.
◍ Exceptional learners can be said to have a _____________ that is sometimes
viewed as a restrictive ______________ by society.-Illness and
handicap-Disability and handicap-Handicap and disability-Disability and
illness.
Answer: Disability and handicapCorrect. A disability and a handicap are not
the same and a disability should NOT be viewed as a barrier (handicap) to
success for exceptional learners.
◍ The most common disability among students is:-Learning
disabilities-Traumatic brain injuries-Hearing impairments-Autism.
Answer: Learning disabilitiesCorrect. The most common disability among
students is learning disability. There are twice as many children with
learning disabilities as the next closest category disability.
◍ Schools have addressed the needs of talented and gifted students in several
ways with the most effective proving to be:-Independent study-Individual
Education Programs (IEPs)-Magnet schools-Acceleration.
Answer: AccelerationCorrect. Actions of acceleration such as students
skipping grades or moving through curriculum at a faster pace have shown
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE 2026
FULL QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◍ The practice of demanding that students pass an exit exam to graduate from
high school is widening the achievement gap between White students and
minority/low-income students. When an assessment takes on this degree of
magnitude, it is specifically called:-International assessment-Accountability
testing-High-stakes testing-Standards-based testing.
Answer: High-stakes testingCorrect. Exit exams can indicate achievement
but also can identify discrepancies in resources, teacher quality, or language,
which are often beyond the control of minority and low-income students.
◍ Ms. Wickett is showing preschool children cards with letters on them. She
holds up a card and says, "This letter is an
A. Think about what the letter A looks like." She stops, puts the card down
for 2 seconds, brings the card back up and asks, "What letter is this?" Ms.
Wickett is using what memory type to help students learn
letters?-Long-term memory-Working memory-Sensory memory-Discovery
memory.
Answer: Sensory memoryCorrect. Sensory memory briefly holds
information as the information is processed. By using one card at time in a
systematic manner, students have more opportunity to learn the letter before
being challenged with a second one.
◍ Group IQ tests have been criticized for favoring a particular class or culture
because of the limited perspective of the questions. This means these tests
are considered:-Culturally neutral-Culturally invalid-Culturally
, biased-Culturally nonbiased.
Answer: Culturally biasedCorrect. If a test is considered culturally biased,
the test is more an assessment of how informed students are about a class or
culture, not how intelligent they are.
◍ Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) studies are justification for teachers
to help students develop competence, positive self-concepts, and a sense of
well-being. What the ACE tells us is that children who experience more
adverse childhood experiences:-Are unable to love-Need family
counseling-Are at greater risk for disease and psychological problems-Learn
to handle stress with few consequences.
Answer: Are at greater risk for disease and psychological problemsCorrect.
The higher a child's ACE score with elements of stress, abuse, and neglect,
the greater the risk for disease and psychological problems when the child
grows up.
◍ In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, "Safety Needs" are considered a deficiency
need. This means that:-The safer students feel, the more likely you can then
address physiological needs for food and shelter.-The safer students feel, the
more you need to consciously demonstrate they are safe.-The safer students
feel, the less you need to consciously demonstrate to them they are safe.-The
safer students feel, the less likely they will trust you..
Answer: The safer students feel, the less you need to consciously
demonstrate to them they are safe.Correct. Safety needs is one of the basic
deficiency needs in Maslow's hierarchy. It is essential we make students feel
safe before they are willing to move up the needs ladder to feeling like they
trust and belong in our classes.
◍ Even though Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences is not strongly
backed by research, it can be relevant for teachers as they:-Identify a student
as needing special education resources-Design interventions for students
with high ACE (Adverse Childhood Experiences) score-Separate students
into groups based on Gardner's theory-Design a variety of teaching
experiences to encourage students to use their strengths.
, Answer: Design a variety of teaching experiences to encourage students to
use their strengthsCorrect. Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences helps
teachers think about ways to approach student learning from several
different angles.
◍ Which is a true statement regarding children's stages of
development?-Children go through very different developmental changes of
growth at different rates.-Children go through predictable developmental
changes of growth at the same rates.-Children go through very different
developmental changes of growth at the same rate.-Children go through
predictable developmental changes of growth but at different rates..
Answer: Children go through predictable developmental changes of growth
but at different rates.Correct. Biologists and psychologists have identified
patterns in human development in the areas of cognitive development,
psychomotor development, and moral reasoning, and children do not go
through these patterns at the same rate.
◍ Kohlberg's theory of moral development says that there are three levels of
development as humans develop values and principles of moral judgment.
Some have criticized his model because they feel it looks at moral
development from a male perspective. The suggested male perspective of
moral development is that:-The male perspective of moral reasoning reflects
the time period (1958) the theory was developed.-Moral reasoning addresses
the individual's responsibility to other people.-Moral reasoning addresses
the rights of the individual.Correct. This is considered the male perspective
as opposed to the female perspective of moral development that addresses
the individual's responsibility to other people.-Moral reasoning reflects the
perspective of Kohlberg, who was male..
Answer: Moral reasoning addresses the rights of the individual.Correct. This
is considered the male perspective as opposed to the female perspective of
moral development that addresses the individual's
◍ Teachers should learn their students' learning style preferences to help
individualize instruction. Learning style preferences would include:-If a
, student says they like to learn-Where a student likes to study-A student's
individual IQ-If a student likes their teacher.
Answer: Where a student likes to studyCorrect. Some students like formal
settings, some more relaxed, some quiet, some noisy. Knowing where a
student functions best is one learning style preference that helps teachers
individualize instruction.
◍ Individual intelligence tests are valued in the field of special education
because they:-Classify students into groups with students who have similar
scores-Specify ways to improve a student's area of disability-Are helpful in
diagnosing a student's strengths and weaknesses-Help determine a student's
learning style.
Answer: Are helpful in diagnosing a student's strengths and
weaknessesCorrect. If an IQ test is given individually, it is useful in
identifying that individual's strengths and weaknesses.
◍ Exceptional learners can be said to have a _____________ that is sometimes
viewed as a restrictive ______________ by society.-Illness and
handicap-Disability and handicap-Handicap and disability-Disability and
illness.
Answer: Disability and handicapCorrect. A disability and a handicap are not
the same and a disability should NOT be viewed as a barrier (handicap) to
success for exceptional learners.
◍ The most common disability among students is:-Learning
disabilities-Traumatic brain injuries-Hearing impairments-Autism.
Answer: Learning disabilitiesCorrect. The most common disability among
students is learning disability. There are twice as many children with
learning disabilities as the next closest category disability.
◍ Schools have addressed the needs of talented and gifted students in several
ways with the most effective proving to be:-Independent study-Individual
Education Programs (IEPs)-Magnet schools-Acceleration.
Answer: AccelerationCorrect. Actions of acceleration such as students
skipping grades or moving through curriculum at a faster pace have shown
