NSG 170 Test 1: Thermoregulation and Cellular Regulation || A+
Verified Already.
Cellular regulation correct answers all the functions carried out within a cell to maintain
homeostasis including responses to extracellular signals (like hormones, cytokines, and
neurotransmitters) and mechanisms by which intracellular signals are produced. This also
includes cellular replication and growth.
Proliferation correct answers the production of new cells through cell growth and division
Differentiation correct answers the acquisition of a specific cell function, a normal process by
which a less specialized cell becomes more specialized.
Neoplasia correct answers an abnormal and progressive multiplication of cells that leads to the
formation of a tumor or neoplasm. Interrelated concept-Differentiation.
Neoplasm correct answers an abnormal tissue growth that is uncontrolled and progressive. Is
categorized as either benign or malignant (cancerous).
Fixed errors correct answers irreparable errors that lead to permanent abnormal changes that
affect biophysical health, psychosocial health, and the functional status of an individual.
Dysplasia correct answers describes morphologically abnormal cells that have a high risk of
becoming malignant
Proliferation rate: Provide examples of slow and rapid correct answers The rate of proliferation
varies according to the needs of the tissue for example there is rapid proliferation in areas where
cellular turnover is high like the bone marrow and the epithelium that lines the GI tract whereas
there is slower proliferation in muscles, cartilage, and bones where cell turnover is limited.
,Mitosis correct answers a duplication process, a parent cell produces two genetically identical
daughter cells. This takes place anywhere in the body to keep tissues and organs functional.
Mitosis occurs to develop normal tissues or to replace lost or damaged normal tissue
Meiosis correct answers when a parent cell generates daughter cells that have different purposes.
Only cells that will become eggs and sperm are capable of meiosis
Difference between Mitosis and Meiosis correct answers Mitosis is for growth and maintenance
of normal cells whereas Meiosis creates cells for sexual reproduction.
Replication correct answers Functions at the rate that cells die.
Cellular division: how it works and what happens when things go wrong correct answers Cellular
division has molecular stop and go signals that indicate the need to go when a wound occurs and
stop when the wound has healed. There are cases where the stop or go are ignored which leads to
uncontrolled growth and the development of neoplasms.
It typically requires multiple incorrect signals for neoplasia to develop and these signals must be
compounded over time for healthy cells to become malignant
Apoptosis correct answers The removal of abnormal cells through cell death pathways.
What occurs at the junction of each phase of the cell cycle? correct answers At the junction of
each phase there are surveillance checkpoints to ensure that no damaged DNA has been passed.
Abnormal cells are corrected or removed through cell death pathways known as Apoptosis
Neoplastic tumor cell division VS normal cell division correct answers The proportion of cells in
a tumor that are in active cell division is much higher than normal cells which results in the
increase of cells and the formation of a tumor
Benign Characteristics correct answers 1) Usually Encapsulated
, 2) Normally Differentiated
3) Metastasis Absent
4) Rarely Recurrent
5) Slightly Vascular
6) Expansive Mode of Growth
7) Fairly Normal Characteristics/Similar to Parent Cells
Malignant Characteristics correct answers 1) Rarely Encapsulated
2) Differentiate Poorly
3) Capable of Metastasis
4) Possible Recurrence
5) Moderate to Marked Vascularity
6) Infiltrative and Expansive Mode of Growth
7) Cell Characteristics are Abnormal/Unlike Parent Cells
Benign Neoplasm correct answers Tend to retain most of the characteristics of the parent cells
but represent groups of abnormal cells with excessive growth.
Metastasis= the spread of cells from one location to another outside their site or origin.
Benign neoplastic cells are capable of mitosis but not metastasis.
Health Concerns of Benign Neoplasm correct answers Although benign tumors do not invade
adjacent tissue they can result in significant health consequences.
Some health issues would be that a tumor can obstruct or press on a structure causing pain,
physiological dysfunction, and even death.
An example of benign tumors causing health problems would be a benign brain tumor that
compresses brain structures that leads to neurologic symptoms and dysfunction.
Other benign tumors like lipomas can have more psychosocial effects when they have an
outwardly visible appearance
Verified Already.
Cellular regulation correct answers all the functions carried out within a cell to maintain
homeostasis including responses to extracellular signals (like hormones, cytokines, and
neurotransmitters) and mechanisms by which intracellular signals are produced. This also
includes cellular replication and growth.
Proliferation correct answers the production of new cells through cell growth and division
Differentiation correct answers the acquisition of a specific cell function, a normal process by
which a less specialized cell becomes more specialized.
Neoplasia correct answers an abnormal and progressive multiplication of cells that leads to the
formation of a tumor or neoplasm. Interrelated concept-Differentiation.
Neoplasm correct answers an abnormal tissue growth that is uncontrolled and progressive. Is
categorized as either benign or malignant (cancerous).
Fixed errors correct answers irreparable errors that lead to permanent abnormal changes that
affect biophysical health, psychosocial health, and the functional status of an individual.
Dysplasia correct answers describes morphologically abnormal cells that have a high risk of
becoming malignant
Proliferation rate: Provide examples of slow and rapid correct answers The rate of proliferation
varies according to the needs of the tissue for example there is rapid proliferation in areas where
cellular turnover is high like the bone marrow and the epithelium that lines the GI tract whereas
there is slower proliferation in muscles, cartilage, and bones where cell turnover is limited.
,Mitosis correct answers a duplication process, a parent cell produces two genetically identical
daughter cells. This takes place anywhere in the body to keep tissues and organs functional.
Mitosis occurs to develop normal tissues or to replace lost or damaged normal tissue
Meiosis correct answers when a parent cell generates daughter cells that have different purposes.
Only cells that will become eggs and sperm are capable of meiosis
Difference between Mitosis and Meiosis correct answers Mitosis is for growth and maintenance
of normal cells whereas Meiosis creates cells for sexual reproduction.
Replication correct answers Functions at the rate that cells die.
Cellular division: how it works and what happens when things go wrong correct answers Cellular
division has molecular stop and go signals that indicate the need to go when a wound occurs and
stop when the wound has healed. There are cases where the stop or go are ignored which leads to
uncontrolled growth and the development of neoplasms.
It typically requires multiple incorrect signals for neoplasia to develop and these signals must be
compounded over time for healthy cells to become malignant
Apoptosis correct answers The removal of abnormal cells through cell death pathways.
What occurs at the junction of each phase of the cell cycle? correct answers At the junction of
each phase there are surveillance checkpoints to ensure that no damaged DNA has been passed.
Abnormal cells are corrected or removed through cell death pathways known as Apoptosis
Neoplastic tumor cell division VS normal cell division correct answers The proportion of cells in
a tumor that are in active cell division is much higher than normal cells which results in the
increase of cells and the formation of a tumor
Benign Characteristics correct answers 1) Usually Encapsulated
, 2) Normally Differentiated
3) Metastasis Absent
4) Rarely Recurrent
5) Slightly Vascular
6) Expansive Mode of Growth
7) Fairly Normal Characteristics/Similar to Parent Cells
Malignant Characteristics correct answers 1) Rarely Encapsulated
2) Differentiate Poorly
3) Capable of Metastasis
4) Possible Recurrence
5) Moderate to Marked Vascularity
6) Infiltrative and Expansive Mode of Growth
7) Cell Characteristics are Abnormal/Unlike Parent Cells
Benign Neoplasm correct answers Tend to retain most of the characteristics of the parent cells
but represent groups of abnormal cells with excessive growth.
Metastasis= the spread of cells from one location to another outside their site or origin.
Benign neoplastic cells are capable of mitosis but not metastasis.
Health Concerns of Benign Neoplasm correct answers Although benign tumors do not invade
adjacent tissue they can result in significant health consequences.
Some health issues would be that a tumor can obstruct or press on a structure causing pain,
physiological dysfunction, and even death.
An example of benign tumors causing health problems would be a benign brain tumor that
compresses brain structures that leads to neurologic symptoms and dysfunction.
Other benign tumors like lipomas can have more psychosocial effects when they have an
outwardly visible appearance
