BIO 253 Exam 1 Review: Chapter 3 | Atcual
Questions and Answers with Verified
Solutions | Latest Updated 2026
What is mitosis? Cell division that generates new cells for
growth
and repair. The division of one cell into two
genetically identical daughter cells
What is the first phase of the cell interphase
cycle?
Early Interphase first stage of the cell cycle
the cell is actively growing and duplicating
its
contents and DNA
-preparation for mitosis
-time of normal cell growth and function
Late Interphase Cell has passed the restriction checkpoint
and
completed DNA replication
Prophase the chromatin fibers condense into visible
chromosomes. Also during this phase,
newly
formed centrioles move to the opposite
ends of
the cell.
,Late Prophase spindle fibers form between the centrioles
Metaphase the spindles attach to the chromosomes
and the
chromosomes are moved to the center of
the cell.
-chromosomes align along the equator
Anaphase the spindle fibers shorten, separating the
sister
chromatids and pulling them toward the
centrioles
at the opposite ends of the cell
Telophase the chromosomes complete the migration
to the
centrioles and the nuclear envelope
reassembles
-chromosomes decondense, spindles
disappear
Cytokinesis last stage
the cytoplasm divides and two identical
daughter
cells are formed.
Mitochondria Powerhouse of the cell
-release energy from food substances
-membranous sac with interior partitions
, Ribosomes site of protein synthesis
-particles composed of protein and RNA
molecules
Golgi Apparatus group of flattened, membranous sacs
-modifies and packages proteins for
transport and
secretion
Centrosome A structure in animal cells containing
centrioles
from which the spindle fibers develop.
-non membranous structure composed of
two
rodlike centrioles
Nucleus A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA
and
responsible for growth and reproduction
Nucleolus Found inside the nucleus and produces
ribosomes
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum An endomembrane system where lipids
are
synthesized, calcium levels are regulated,
and toxic
substances are broken down.
Questions and Answers with Verified
Solutions | Latest Updated 2026
What is mitosis? Cell division that generates new cells for
growth
and repair. The division of one cell into two
genetically identical daughter cells
What is the first phase of the cell interphase
cycle?
Early Interphase first stage of the cell cycle
the cell is actively growing and duplicating
its
contents and DNA
-preparation for mitosis
-time of normal cell growth and function
Late Interphase Cell has passed the restriction checkpoint
and
completed DNA replication
Prophase the chromatin fibers condense into visible
chromosomes. Also during this phase,
newly
formed centrioles move to the opposite
ends of
the cell.
,Late Prophase spindle fibers form between the centrioles
Metaphase the spindles attach to the chromosomes
and the
chromosomes are moved to the center of
the cell.
-chromosomes align along the equator
Anaphase the spindle fibers shorten, separating the
sister
chromatids and pulling them toward the
centrioles
at the opposite ends of the cell
Telophase the chromosomes complete the migration
to the
centrioles and the nuclear envelope
reassembles
-chromosomes decondense, spindles
disappear
Cytokinesis last stage
the cytoplasm divides and two identical
daughter
cells are formed.
Mitochondria Powerhouse of the cell
-release energy from food substances
-membranous sac with interior partitions
, Ribosomes site of protein synthesis
-particles composed of protein and RNA
molecules
Golgi Apparatus group of flattened, membranous sacs
-modifies and packages proteins for
transport and
secretion
Centrosome A structure in animal cells containing
centrioles
from which the spindle fibers develop.
-non membranous structure composed of
two
rodlike centrioles
Nucleus A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA
and
responsible for growth and reproduction
Nucleolus Found inside the nucleus and produces
ribosomes
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum An endomembrane system where lipids
are
synthesized, calcium levels are regulated,
and toxic
substances are broken down.
