Microbiology 4000 Chapter 12 –
Viruses Questions and Answers.
Virus - Answer A no cellular particle containing a genome that can replicate only inside a host
cell
Bacteriophage - Answer A virus that infects bacteria
Virion - Answer a complete virus particle
Acellular Infectious Biological Agents - Answer No plasma (cell) membrane
No binary fission
No way to generate ATP
No way to synthesize proteins (no ribosomes)
Obligate Intracellular Parasite - Answer Uses host cell for energy and substrates
Hijacks host cell's replication machinery
Direct the host cell to express viral genes and proteins
Nucleocapsid - Answer Unit of viral structure, consists of a capsid with an enclosed nucleus
acid
Nucleic Acid - Answer Either DNA or RNA
Linear or circular segmented
Unless or single stranded
Capsid - Answer Protein coat around genome
Repeating or identical protein subunits (capsomeres)
Determines the shape of a virus
Naked Viruses - Answer nucleocapsid only, more resistant to disinfectants
Enveloped Viruses - Answer have an outer lipid bilayer membrane containing various
proteins.
, Lipid bilayer - Answer double-layered sheet that forms the core of nearly all cell membranes
matrix/tegument - Answer Protein layer or cluster attaching envelope to nuceloplasmid
Host Range - Answer all the species that can be infected by a given pathogen
Spike proteins - Answer A viral glycoprotein that connects the membrane to the capsid or the
matrix and may be involved in viral binding to host cell receptors
Tail fibers - Answer (complex phages) - attachment
Fiber proteins - Answer Protein attachment On capsid of virus
Icosahedral capsids - Answer Radial symmetry; based on an icosahedron
Helical/ Filamentous capsids - Answer Helical capsid tube around the genome
Generating a flexible filament
Envelope will mask this shape
Complex/ Amorphous - Answer No symmetrical form
Core With flexible core wall
Contains genetic material
Complex Tailed Bacteriophages - Answer Icosahedral head that Contains genetic material and
Tail Injects genetic material into host cells
1. host recognition and attachment.
2. genome entry
3. Biosynthesis
4. assembly (maturation)
5. release - Answer Viral Replication
Plaque - Answer A cell-free zone on a lawn of bacterial cells caused by viral lysis
Temperate Phage - Answer A bacteriophage capable of lysogeny
Viruses Questions and Answers.
Virus - Answer A no cellular particle containing a genome that can replicate only inside a host
cell
Bacteriophage - Answer A virus that infects bacteria
Virion - Answer a complete virus particle
Acellular Infectious Biological Agents - Answer No plasma (cell) membrane
No binary fission
No way to generate ATP
No way to synthesize proteins (no ribosomes)
Obligate Intracellular Parasite - Answer Uses host cell for energy and substrates
Hijacks host cell's replication machinery
Direct the host cell to express viral genes and proteins
Nucleocapsid - Answer Unit of viral structure, consists of a capsid with an enclosed nucleus
acid
Nucleic Acid - Answer Either DNA or RNA
Linear or circular segmented
Unless or single stranded
Capsid - Answer Protein coat around genome
Repeating or identical protein subunits (capsomeres)
Determines the shape of a virus
Naked Viruses - Answer nucleocapsid only, more resistant to disinfectants
Enveloped Viruses - Answer have an outer lipid bilayer membrane containing various
proteins.
, Lipid bilayer - Answer double-layered sheet that forms the core of nearly all cell membranes
matrix/tegument - Answer Protein layer or cluster attaching envelope to nuceloplasmid
Host Range - Answer all the species that can be infected by a given pathogen
Spike proteins - Answer A viral glycoprotein that connects the membrane to the capsid or the
matrix and may be involved in viral binding to host cell receptors
Tail fibers - Answer (complex phages) - attachment
Fiber proteins - Answer Protein attachment On capsid of virus
Icosahedral capsids - Answer Radial symmetry; based on an icosahedron
Helical/ Filamentous capsids - Answer Helical capsid tube around the genome
Generating a flexible filament
Envelope will mask this shape
Complex/ Amorphous - Answer No symmetrical form
Core With flexible core wall
Contains genetic material
Complex Tailed Bacteriophages - Answer Icosahedral head that Contains genetic material and
Tail Injects genetic material into host cells
1. host recognition and attachment.
2. genome entry
3. Biosynthesis
4. assembly (maturation)
5. release - Answer Viral Replication
Plaque - Answer A cell-free zone on a lawn of bacterial cells caused by viral lysis
Temperate Phage - Answer A bacteriophage capable of lysogeny
