BSC 1010 FINAL EXAM REVIEW
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
(ALREADY GRADED A+)
Put the steps of the process of signal transduction in the order they occur:
1. A conformational change in the signal-receptor complex activates an enzyme.
2. Protein kinases are activated.
3. A signal molecule binds to a receptor.
4. Target proteins are phosphorylated.
5. Second messenger molecules are released. - correct answer-3,1,5,2,4
Integrins are integral membrane proteins. They are often attached to . - correct answer-
cytoskeletal proteins and proteins in the extracellular matrix
Phosphorylation cascade involving a series of protein kinases are useful for cellular signal transduction
because they . - correct answer-amplify the original signal many times
The receptors doe steroid hormones are located inside the cell instead of on the membrane surface lik
e most other signal receptors. This is NOT a problem for steroids because .-
correct answer-
steroid hormones are lipid soluble, so they can readily diffuse through the lipid bilayer on the cell me
mbrane.
Which stateerning how the molecular composition of a plant cell wall compare with the extracellular
matrix of animal cells? - correct answer-
Plant cell wall fibers consist primarily of carbohydrates ECM fibers are dominated by proteins.
The structure that anchors adjacent epithelial cells via their cytoskeleton is the -
correct answer-desmosome
Activated signal receptors on the plasma membrane can carry out which two activities? -
correct answer-Catalyze receptor phosphorylation; activate G proteins
, Different cell types can respond differently to the same signaling molecule because .-
correct answer-each cell type converts the signal to a different metabolite.
When a lipid- soluble hormone enters a cell and binds a receptor, what happens to the receptor? -
correct answer-It enters the nucleus and activates genes.
Signaling pathways always work in complete isolation from one another. - correct answer-False
In eukaryotic cells, chromosomes are composed of . - correct answer-DNA and proteins
Forms of the Ras protein found in tumors would cause which of the following? - correct answer-
DNA replication to be hyperactive.
The mitotic spindle is a micro tubular structure that is involved in . - correct answer-
separation of sister chromatids.
What is the structure of mitosis promoting factor (mpf)? - correct answer-
A cyclin protein bound to a cyclin-dependent kinase.
Which of the following would be used to differentiate between benign and malignant tumors? -
correct answer-The ability to invade other tissues
Most cancer cells have defects in either growth signaling pathways or cell cycle control processes. -
correct answer-True
What is the spindle apparatus? - correct answer-
The microtubule structure that separates chromosomes
The process of cytokinesis occurs differently in plants and animals. - correct answer-True
Proteins that are involved in the regulation of the cell cycle and that show fluctuations in concentratio
n during the cell cycle are called . - correct answer-cyclins
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
(ALREADY GRADED A+)
Put the steps of the process of signal transduction in the order they occur:
1. A conformational change in the signal-receptor complex activates an enzyme.
2. Protein kinases are activated.
3. A signal molecule binds to a receptor.
4. Target proteins are phosphorylated.
5. Second messenger molecules are released. - correct answer-3,1,5,2,4
Integrins are integral membrane proteins. They are often attached to . - correct answer-
cytoskeletal proteins and proteins in the extracellular matrix
Phosphorylation cascade involving a series of protein kinases are useful for cellular signal transduction
because they . - correct answer-amplify the original signal many times
The receptors doe steroid hormones are located inside the cell instead of on the membrane surface lik
e most other signal receptors. This is NOT a problem for steroids because .-
correct answer-
steroid hormones are lipid soluble, so they can readily diffuse through the lipid bilayer on the cell me
mbrane.
Which stateerning how the molecular composition of a plant cell wall compare with the extracellular
matrix of animal cells? - correct answer-
Plant cell wall fibers consist primarily of carbohydrates ECM fibers are dominated by proteins.
The structure that anchors adjacent epithelial cells via their cytoskeleton is the -
correct answer-desmosome
Activated signal receptors on the plasma membrane can carry out which two activities? -
correct answer-Catalyze receptor phosphorylation; activate G proteins
, Different cell types can respond differently to the same signaling molecule because .-
correct answer-each cell type converts the signal to a different metabolite.
When a lipid- soluble hormone enters a cell and binds a receptor, what happens to the receptor? -
correct answer-It enters the nucleus and activates genes.
Signaling pathways always work in complete isolation from one another. - correct answer-False
In eukaryotic cells, chromosomes are composed of . - correct answer-DNA and proteins
Forms of the Ras protein found in tumors would cause which of the following? - correct answer-
DNA replication to be hyperactive.
The mitotic spindle is a micro tubular structure that is involved in . - correct answer-
separation of sister chromatids.
What is the structure of mitosis promoting factor (mpf)? - correct answer-
A cyclin protein bound to a cyclin-dependent kinase.
Which of the following would be used to differentiate between benign and malignant tumors? -
correct answer-The ability to invade other tissues
Most cancer cells have defects in either growth signaling pathways or cell cycle control processes. -
correct answer-True
What is the spindle apparatus? - correct answer-
The microtubule structure that separates chromosomes
The process of cytokinesis occurs differently in plants and animals. - correct answer-True
Proteins that are involved in the regulation of the cell cycle and that show fluctuations in concentratio
n during the cell cycle are called . - correct answer-cyclins
