SNHD EMT PROTOCOL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100%
(GRADED A+)
Question: What is the official legal and clinical definition of a patient according to
EMS protocol?
✔✔ Answer: A patient is any individual who fulfills at least one of the following
criteria:
1. The individual presents with a physical complaint, or was involved in a
mechanism of injury (MOI) that strongly implies a potential illness or
trauma.
2. The individual displays clear, objective, and visible evidence of acute
sickness or physical injury.
3. An informed second- or third-party individual contacted emergency dispatch
to request a medical evaluation for that person's physical or mental well-
being.
Question: What age threshold defines a pediatric patient within these emergency
medical protocols?
✔✔ Answer: Any individual who is under 18 years of age.
Question: What specific clinical criteria must a patient meet to be safely triaged to
a hospital waiting room rather than an emergency bed?
✔✔ Answer: The patient must simultaneously satisfy all five of the following
conditions:
1. Normal Baseline Vital Signs:
o Heart rate: 60 to 100 beats per minute
o Respiratory rate: 10 to 20 breaths per minute
o Systolic Blood Pressure: 100 to 180 mmHg
o Diastolic Blood Pressure: 60 to 110 mmHg
, o Oxygen Saturation ($SpO_2$): Greater than $94\%$ on ambient room
air
o Mental Status: Completely alert and oriented to person, place, time,
and event (Ax4)
2. Medication Restrictions: The patient must not have received any parenteral
(intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous) medications during transit,
with the strict exception of a single dose of pain management (analgesia) or
anti-nausea (antiemetic) medication.
3. Monitoring Needs: In the provider's professional judgment, the patient does
not require continuous cardiac monitoring. (Crucial Note: If a transferring
facility initiated ECG monitoring, EMS personnel are legally forbidden from
disconnecting it).
4. Physical Mobility: The patient can safely maintain an upright sitting
position without causing any negative impact on their medical stability.
5. Continuity of Care: The patient must be formally handed over with a
verbal report delivered directly to receiving hospital staff.
Question: Under what circumstances can an EMS unit transport a patient to a
hospital that has declared an "Internal Disaster"?
✔✔ Answer: Transport to a facility on internal disaster diversion is strictly
prohibited unless the patient is experiencing an unmanageable life-threatening
emergency, specifically active cardiac arrest and/or an
unsecured/unmaintainable airway. The EMS crew must explicitly notify the
receiving Emergency Department of their imminent arrival with the unstable
patient.
Question: What is the authorized scope of action for a basic EMT operating under
the standard Allergic Reaction Protocol?
✔✔ Answer: The EMT is permitted to assist a patient with the administration of
the patient’s own prescribed emergency medications, specifically their Epinephrine
auto-injector (EpiPen) and/or their rescue Metered-Dose Inhaler (MDI).
Altered Mental Status (AMS) -ANSWER ✔✔EMT can administer oral glucose if
patient can maintain their own airway. BG below 60 only
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100%
(GRADED A+)
Question: What is the official legal and clinical definition of a patient according to
EMS protocol?
✔✔ Answer: A patient is any individual who fulfills at least one of the following
criteria:
1. The individual presents with a physical complaint, or was involved in a
mechanism of injury (MOI) that strongly implies a potential illness or
trauma.
2. The individual displays clear, objective, and visible evidence of acute
sickness or physical injury.
3. An informed second- or third-party individual contacted emergency dispatch
to request a medical evaluation for that person's physical or mental well-
being.
Question: What age threshold defines a pediatric patient within these emergency
medical protocols?
✔✔ Answer: Any individual who is under 18 years of age.
Question: What specific clinical criteria must a patient meet to be safely triaged to
a hospital waiting room rather than an emergency bed?
✔✔ Answer: The patient must simultaneously satisfy all five of the following
conditions:
1. Normal Baseline Vital Signs:
o Heart rate: 60 to 100 beats per minute
o Respiratory rate: 10 to 20 breaths per minute
o Systolic Blood Pressure: 100 to 180 mmHg
o Diastolic Blood Pressure: 60 to 110 mmHg
, o Oxygen Saturation ($SpO_2$): Greater than $94\%$ on ambient room
air
o Mental Status: Completely alert and oriented to person, place, time,
and event (Ax4)
2. Medication Restrictions: The patient must not have received any parenteral
(intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous) medications during transit,
with the strict exception of a single dose of pain management (analgesia) or
anti-nausea (antiemetic) medication.
3. Monitoring Needs: In the provider's professional judgment, the patient does
not require continuous cardiac monitoring. (Crucial Note: If a transferring
facility initiated ECG monitoring, EMS personnel are legally forbidden from
disconnecting it).
4. Physical Mobility: The patient can safely maintain an upright sitting
position without causing any negative impact on their medical stability.
5. Continuity of Care: The patient must be formally handed over with a
verbal report delivered directly to receiving hospital staff.
Question: Under what circumstances can an EMS unit transport a patient to a
hospital that has declared an "Internal Disaster"?
✔✔ Answer: Transport to a facility on internal disaster diversion is strictly
prohibited unless the patient is experiencing an unmanageable life-threatening
emergency, specifically active cardiac arrest and/or an
unsecured/unmaintainable airway. The EMS crew must explicitly notify the
receiving Emergency Department of their imminent arrival with the unstable
patient.
Question: What is the authorized scope of action for a basic EMT operating under
the standard Allergic Reaction Protocol?
✔✔ Answer: The EMT is permitted to assist a patient with the administration of
the patient’s own prescribed emergency medications, specifically their Epinephrine
auto-injector (EpiPen) and/or their rescue Metered-Dose Inhaler (MDI).
Altered Mental Status (AMS) -ANSWER ✔✔EMT can administer oral glucose if
patient can maintain their own airway. BG below 60 only
