MA100 Exam 2 Questions With
Complete Answers
What are the examples of dry and moist heat and cold applications? - ANSWER
Dry heat: heating pad, chemical hot pack
Moist heat: hot soak, hot compress
Dry cold: ice bag, chemical cold pack
Moist cold: cold compress
What are the factors that may cause unfavorable reactions? - ANSWER The age
of patient, location of the application(some areas are more sensitive)
Impaired circulation, impaired sensation(diabetic patients)
Individual tolerance to change temperature
What does local heat application cause? - ANSWER produces dilation, or an
increase in diameter, of the blood vessels in the area as the body tries to rid
itself of excess heat
increased blood supply to the area, and tissue metabolism increases
Why would heat application be used? - ANSWER relieving pain, congestion,
muscle spasms, and inflammation
How should a patient be instructed to use a heating pad? - ANSWER Wires
should not be bent nor crushed. Pins must not be inserted into the pad, if the pin
comes in contact with a wire, an electric shock could result. Should not be used
over areas that contain moisture, such as wet dressings.
Cold
What does cold application cause? - ANSWER constriction, or a decrease in
diameter, of blood vessels in the area as the body attempts to prevent heat loss
leads to decreased blood supply to the area.
Why would cold applications be used? - ANSWER prevent edema
How should a patient be instructed to activate a chemical cold pack? - ANSWER
activated by applying pressure until the inner bag ruptures
Shake the crystals to the bottom of the bag.
Squeeze the bag firmly with your hands to break the inner water bag.
Shake the bag vigorously to mix the contents.
Cover the bag with a protective covering.
, How should these be stored? (chemical cold pack) - ANSWER room
temperature.
What is a cast and why are they most often used? - ANSWER stiff cylindrical
casing that is used to immobilize a body part until healing occurs. Applied most
often when an individual sustains a fracture.
How should the cast fit? - ANSWER fits snugly but still allows adequate
circulation necessary for healing.
How long is it usually kept on for? (the cast) - ANSWER 4 to 6 weeks
What are the guidelines to relay to patients for proper cast care? - ANSWER
Allow the cast to dry before putting any pressure or weight on the cast.
Elevate the cast above heart level for the first 24 to 48 hours to decrease
swelling and pain.
Gently move the toes or fingers frequently to prevent swelling and joint stiffness
and to increase circulation.
Apply ice to the casted extremity to reduce swelling.
Take precautions to prevent dirt, sand, powder, and other foreign particles from
becoming trapped under the cast.
Do not apply powder for itching under the cast. Do not use any object to scratch
the skin under the cast.
Do not engage in activities that could cause injury because of impairment of
your physical abilities
Keep the cast dry.
To dry a wet cast, first blot the outside of the cast with an absorbent towel.
Inspect the skin around the cast at regular intervals to check for redness, sores,
or swelling.
Do not trim the cast or break off any rough edges because this may weaken or
break the cast.
What is the purpose of a splint? - ANSWER support and immobilize a displaced
or fractured part of the body.
protect areas that are sprained or strained.
What is the purpose of a brace? - ANSWER support a part of the body and hold it
in its correct position to allow for functioning of the body part while healing
takes place
What are ambulatory aids? - ANSWER include crutches, canes, and walkers
What is ambulation? - ANSWER walking or moving from one place to another
Complete Answers
What are the examples of dry and moist heat and cold applications? - ANSWER
Dry heat: heating pad, chemical hot pack
Moist heat: hot soak, hot compress
Dry cold: ice bag, chemical cold pack
Moist cold: cold compress
What are the factors that may cause unfavorable reactions? - ANSWER The age
of patient, location of the application(some areas are more sensitive)
Impaired circulation, impaired sensation(diabetic patients)
Individual tolerance to change temperature
What does local heat application cause? - ANSWER produces dilation, or an
increase in diameter, of the blood vessels in the area as the body tries to rid
itself of excess heat
increased blood supply to the area, and tissue metabolism increases
Why would heat application be used? - ANSWER relieving pain, congestion,
muscle spasms, and inflammation
How should a patient be instructed to use a heating pad? - ANSWER Wires
should not be bent nor crushed. Pins must not be inserted into the pad, if the pin
comes in contact with a wire, an electric shock could result. Should not be used
over areas that contain moisture, such as wet dressings.
Cold
What does cold application cause? - ANSWER constriction, or a decrease in
diameter, of blood vessels in the area as the body attempts to prevent heat loss
leads to decreased blood supply to the area.
Why would cold applications be used? - ANSWER prevent edema
How should a patient be instructed to activate a chemical cold pack? - ANSWER
activated by applying pressure until the inner bag ruptures
Shake the crystals to the bottom of the bag.
Squeeze the bag firmly with your hands to break the inner water bag.
Shake the bag vigorously to mix the contents.
Cover the bag with a protective covering.
, How should these be stored? (chemical cold pack) - ANSWER room
temperature.
What is a cast and why are they most often used? - ANSWER stiff cylindrical
casing that is used to immobilize a body part until healing occurs. Applied most
often when an individual sustains a fracture.
How should the cast fit? - ANSWER fits snugly but still allows adequate
circulation necessary for healing.
How long is it usually kept on for? (the cast) - ANSWER 4 to 6 weeks
What are the guidelines to relay to patients for proper cast care? - ANSWER
Allow the cast to dry before putting any pressure or weight on the cast.
Elevate the cast above heart level for the first 24 to 48 hours to decrease
swelling and pain.
Gently move the toes or fingers frequently to prevent swelling and joint stiffness
and to increase circulation.
Apply ice to the casted extremity to reduce swelling.
Take precautions to prevent dirt, sand, powder, and other foreign particles from
becoming trapped under the cast.
Do not apply powder for itching under the cast. Do not use any object to scratch
the skin under the cast.
Do not engage in activities that could cause injury because of impairment of
your physical abilities
Keep the cast dry.
To dry a wet cast, first blot the outside of the cast with an absorbent towel.
Inspect the skin around the cast at regular intervals to check for redness, sores,
or swelling.
Do not trim the cast or break off any rough edges because this may weaken or
break the cast.
What is the purpose of a splint? - ANSWER support and immobilize a displaced
or fractured part of the body.
protect areas that are sprained or strained.
What is the purpose of a brace? - ANSWER support a part of the body and hold it
in its correct position to allow for functioning of the body part while healing
takes place
What are ambulatory aids? - ANSWER include crutches, canes, and walkers
What is ambulation? - ANSWER walking or moving from one place to another
