CHAMBERLAIN NR 511 MIDTERM EXAMS
WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS A
COMPLETE SOLUTION LATEST
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What are common causes of N/V associated with gastritis?
Alcohol, NSAIDs, ASA, ABX, and illicit substances
What is the most common cause of nausea and vomiting?
Acute Gastroenteritis (AGE)
What are some manifestations of AGE?
Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain. May also include
fatigue, malaise, anorexia, tenesmus and borborygmus.
How is the severity of AGE gauged?
Dehydration secondary to profuse watery diarrhea, fever greater than
101ºF (38.3ºC), vomiting, or dysentery.
What are important parts of a patient's history when AGE is suspected?
Travel, dining locations, ABX history..
What happens to the pH of the stomach when antacids are taken and
how does this affect bacteria?
High pH can make it easier for bacteria to survive and cause and
infection.
How does motility of the GI tract affect bacteria colonization?
,CHAMBERLAIN NR 511 MIDTERM EXAMS
WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS A
COMPLETE SOLUTION LATEST
DOWNLOADED 2025/2026 BEST GRADED
A+ FOR SUCCESS
Small bowel stasis as a result of obstruction, diverticulitis, or blind loop
syndrome frequently develop an overgrowth of bacteria within the
stagnant segment.
Which immunoglobulin may protect the GI tract against invading
organisms?
IgA...may also help protect against a future attack by the same
pathogen.
Onset of N/V begin within 6 hours after exposure. Is this bacterial or
viral?
Bacterial: time frame suggests food poisoning resulting from the
ingestion of a preformed toxin such as that of Bacillus cereus.
What two indications are highly suggestive of viral AGE?
Incubation periods greater than 14 hours and the initial symptom of
vomiting.
If a patient presents with AGE and reports bloody stools, what can be
understood about the reason for blood in the stool/
Mucosal damage and inflammatory process secondary to invasive
pathogens.
,CHAMBERLAIN NR 511 MIDTERM EXAMS
WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS A
COMPLETE SOLUTION LATEST
DOWNLOADED 2025/2026 BEST GRADED
A+ FOR SUCCESS
What do frothy stools and flatus suggest?
Malabsorption problem.
Patients with prolonged AGE illness who are malnourished may present
with edema. What is the reason?
Hypoalbuminemia
T or F: Chronic diarrhea usually has a noninfectious etiology.
True
T or F: Acute diarrhea usually is caused by infectious agents or toxins
True
What is the most common viral pathogen causing AGE in adults?
Norovirus
What is the most common viral pathogen causing AGE in pediatrics?
Rotavirus. This has been greatly reduced since the introduction of the
rotavirus vaccine.
T or F: Stool studies are indicated in the absence of bloody diarrhea or
systemic disease
, CHAMBERLAIN NR 511 MIDTERM EXAMS
WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS A
COMPLETE SOLUTION LATEST
DOWNLOADED 2025/2026 BEST GRADED
A+ FOR SUCCESS
False
T or F: A CBC will help distinguish between viral and bacterial AGE
False
When are stool studies warranted?
Severe or prolonged diarrhea, a fever > 38.5ºC, bloody stools or stools
that test positive for leukocytes or occult blood.
What are common pathogens involved in Traveler's Diarrhea?
Shigella, Campylobacter, and E. coli.
What should the clinician do if the patient develops diarrhea after
initiation of completion of antibiotic therapy?
Test for C. diff.
What are some DDx of AGE, particularly in patients with persistent or
chronic diarrhea and severe abdominal pain?
IBS, IBD, ischemic bowel disease, partial bowel obstruction, small bowel
diverticulosis.
What are some red flag symptoms that may indicate the need for
hospitalization?
WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS A
COMPLETE SOLUTION LATEST
DOWNLOADED 2025/2026 BEST GRADED
A+ FOR SUCCESS
What are common causes of N/V associated with gastritis?
Alcohol, NSAIDs, ASA, ABX, and illicit substances
What is the most common cause of nausea and vomiting?
Acute Gastroenteritis (AGE)
What are some manifestations of AGE?
Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain. May also include
fatigue, malaise, anorexia, tenesmus and borborygmus.
How is the severity of AGE gauged?
Dehydration secondary to profuse watery diarrhea, fever greater than
101ºF (38.3ºC), vomiting, or dysentery.
What are important parts of a patient's history when AGE is suspected?
Travel, dining locations, ABX history..
What happens to the pH of the stomach when antacids are taken and
how does this affect bacteria?
High pH can make it easier for bacteria to survive and cause and
infection.
How does motility of the GI tract affect bacteria colonization?
,CHAMBERLAIN NR 511 MIDTERM EXAMS
WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS A
COMPLETE SOLUTION LATEST
DOWNLOADED 2025/2026 BEST GRADED
A+ FOR SUCCESS
Small bowel stasis as a result of obstruction, diverticulitis, or blind loop
syndrome frequently develop an overgrowth of bacteria within the
stagnant segment.
Which immunoglobulin may protect the GI tract against invading
organisms?
IgA...may also help protect against a future attack by the same
pathogen.
Onset of N/V begin within 6 hours after exposure. Is this bacterial or
viral?
Bacterial: time frame suggests food poisoning resulting from the
ingestion of a preformed toxin such as that of Bacillus cereus.
What two indications are highly suggestive of viral AGE?
Incubation periods greater than 14 hours and the initial symptom of
vomiting.
If a patient presents with AGE and reports bloody stools, what can be
understood about the reason for blood in the stool/
Mucosal damage and inflammatory process secondary to invasive
pathogens.
,CHAMBERLAIN NR 511 MIDTERM EXAMS
WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS A
COMPLETE SOLUTION LATEST
DOWNLOADED 2025/2026 BEST GRADED
A+ FOR SUCCESS
What do frothy stools and flatus suggest?
Malabsorption problem.
Patients with prolonged AGE illness who are malnourished may present
with edema. What is the reason?
Hypoalbuminemia
T or F: Chronic diarrhea usually has a noninfectious etiology.
True
T or F: Acute diarrhea usually is caused by infectious agents or toxins
True
What is the most common viral pathogen causing AGE in adults?
Norovirus
What is the most common viral pathogen causing AGE in pediatrics?
Rotavirus. This has been greatly reduced since the introduction of the
rotavirus vaccine.
T or F: Stool studies are indicated in the absence of bloody diarrhea or
systemic disease
, CHAMBERLAIN NR 511 MIDTERM EXAMS
WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS A
COMPLETE SOLUTION LATEST
DOWNLOADED 2025/2026 BEST GRADED
A+ FOR SUCCESS
False
T or F: A CBC will help distinguish between viral and bacterial AGE
False
When are stool studies warranted?
Severe or prolonged diarrhea, a fever > 38.5ºC, bloody stools or stools
that test positive for leukocytes or occult blood.
What are common pathogens involved in Traveler's Diarrhea?
Shigella, Campylobacter, and E. coli.
What should the clinician do if the patient develops diarrhea after
initiation of completion of antibiotic therapy?
Test for C. diff.
What are some DDx of AGE, particularly in patients with persistent or
chronic diarrhea and severe abdominal pain?
IBS, IBD, ischemic bowel disease, partial bowel obstruction, small bowel
diverticulosis.
What are some red flag symptoms that may indicate the need for
hospitalization?
