BIOL 117 EXAM 2 MOCK EXAM WITH ANSWER
RATIONALES 2026
◉ The chloroplasts of kelps are surrounded by four membranes,
whereas the chloroplasts of plants are surrounded by two. How does
the endosymbiosis theory account for this difference?
Answer: Plant chloroplasts evolved by primary endosymbiosis,
whereas kelp chloroplasts evolved by secondary endosymbiosis.
◉ A mutualistic symbiotic relationship is one where two (or more)
organisms benefit from a relationship. Is the origin of mitochondria
by endosymbiosis an example of a mutualistic relationship?
Answer: Yes, the engulfed bacterium benefited by receiving organic
nutrients and oxygen from the surrounding host cell, and the host
cell benefited by receiving
◉ Secondary endosymbiosis led to chloroplasts surrounded by two
membranes.
Answer: False
◉ The fact that mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own
DNA separate from the nuclei of the cells they exist in is supporting
evidence of the endosymbiosis theory.
Answer: True
,◉ The fact that mitochondria can divide independently of their
surrounding cell is supporting evidence of the endosymbiosis
theory.
Answer: True
◉ The presence of three membranes around mitochondria is
supporting evidence of the endosymbiosis theory.
Answer: False
◉ Most fungi are _____.
Answer: decomposers
◉ Fungi release digestive enzymes into their _____.
Answer: surroundings
◉ Basidia produce spores by a process known as _____.
Answer: meiosis
◉ Which term describes the fusion of cytoplasm from two
individuals?
Answer: Plasmogamy
, ◉ Which structure is not directly involved in the reproduction of at
least one major group of fungi?
Answer: Mycelium
◉ True or false? In most fungi, fertilization is complete after the cells
fuse together.
Answer: False
◉ Where does meiosis occur in a mushroom?
Answer: Basidia
◉ Which structure allows the growing mushroom to nourish itself?
Answer: Mycelium
◉ Which of the following events occurs first in the development of a
spore into a mature mushroom?
Answer: Hyphae are produced by mitosis.
◉ True or false? Most of the cells in a mushroom contain haploid
nuclei.
Answer: True
RATIONALES 2026
◉ The chloroplasts of kelps are surrounded by four membranes,
whereas the chloroplasts of plants are surrounded by two. How does
the endosymbiosis theory account for this difference?
Answer: Plant chloroplasts evolved by primary endosymbiosis,
whereas kelp chloroplasts evolved by secondary endosymbiosis.
◉ A mutualistic symbiotic relationship is one where two (or more)
organisms benefit from a relationship. Is the origin of mitochondria
by endosymbiosis an example of a mutualistic relationship?
Answer: Yes, the engulfed bacterium benefited by receiving organic
nutrients and oxygen from the surrounding host cell, and the host
cell benefited by receiving
◉ Secondary endosymbiosis led to chloroplasts surrounded by two
membranes.
Answer: False
◉ The fact that mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own
DNA separate from the nuclei of the cells they exist in is supporting
evidence of the endosymbiosis theory.
Answer: True
,◉ The fact that mitochondria can divide independently of their
surrounding cell is supporting evidence of the endosymbiosis
theory.
Answer: True
◉ The presence of three membranes around mitochondria is
supporting evidence of the endosymbiosis theory.
Answer: False
◉ Most fungi are _____.
Answer: decomposers
◉ Fungi release digestive enzymes into their _____.
Answer: surroundings
◉ Basidia produce spores by a process known as _____.
Answer: meiosis
◉ Which term describes the fusion of cytoplasm from two
individuals?
Answer: Plasmogamy
, ◉ Which structure is not directly involved in the reproduction of at
least one major group of fungi?
Answer: Mycelium
◉ True or false? In most fungi, fertilization is complete after the cells
fuse together.
Answer: False
◉ Where does meiosis occur in a mushroom?
Answer: Basidia
◉ Which structure allows the growing mushroom to nourish itself?
Answer: Mycelium
◉ Which of the following events occurs first in the development of a
spore into a mature mushroom?
Answer: Hyphae are produced by mitosis.
◉ True or false? Most of the cells in a mushroom contain haploid
nuclei.
Answer: True
