NSG 3130 EXAM 4 PREP 2026 TEST
BANK: 200 REAL QUESTIONS & CORRECT
ANSWERS | NURSING FUNDAMENTALS
STUDY GUIDE
Q1. The nurse recognizes which term to identify the second line of
defense that leads to local capillary dilation and leukocyte infiltration?
A) Normal flora
B) Inflammatory response
C) Immune response
D) Humoral immunity
Correct ,,,,Answer,,,,: B
Rationale: The second line of defense is the inflammatory response.
Inflammation is a local response to cellular injury or infection that
includes capillary dilation and leukocyte infiltration. Normal flora is the
body's first line of defense .
Q2. The nurse knows that the antigen-antibody reaction is an example of
what type of immunity?
A) Humoral
B) Cellular
C) Innate
D) Passive
,Correct ,,,,Answer,,,,: A
Rationale: Humoral immunity involves antibodies and white blood cells
that produce antibodies in response to antigens. Cellular immunity
involves defense by white blood cells against microorganisms the body
does not recognize as its own .
Q3. The nurse uses what term to identify a disease-causing organism?
A) Pathogen
B) Normal flora
C) Germ
D) Microorganism
Correct ,,,,Answer,,,,: A
Rationale: A pathogen is a disease-causing microorganism. Normal
flora are microorganisms that live on or in the body without causing
disease under normal conditions .
Q4. A patient with hypertension asks about breakfast food options.
Which choice is most appropriate?
A) Bacon and eggs
B) Pancakes with syrup
C) Whole wheat cereal with skim milk and banana
D) Sausage biscuit
,Correct ,,,,Answer,,,,: C
Rationale: For patients with hypertension, a heart-healthy diet low in
sodium and saturated fat is recommended. Whole wheat cereal, skim
milk, and banana provide fiber, potassium, and low sodium .
Q5. A patient had a femoral cardiac catheterization. What should the
nurse plan to do?
A) Keep the patient on strict bed rest for 24 hours
B) Encourage the patient to ambulate immediately
C) Perform neurovascular checks with vital signs
D) Apply cold packs to the groin continuously
Correct ,,,,Answer,,,,: C
Rationale: After femoral cardiac catheterization, neurovascular checks
(pulses, color, warmth, sensation, movement) should be performed with
vital signs to monitor for complications such as bleeding, hematoma, or
vascular compromise .
Q6. A patient has had a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Which
dietary choice is correct?
A) High-fat diet
B) Low-carbohydrate diet
C) Low-fat cholesterol diet that includes beans
D) High-protein diet
, Correct ,,,,Answer,,,,: C
Rationale: Post-CABG patients should follow a low-fat, low-cholesterol
diet to promote heart health and prevent further coronary artery disease.
Beans are a good source of protein without saturated fat .
Q7. What is a complication of postural drainage therapy?
A) Increased oxygen saturation
B) Decreased heart rate
C) Bronchospasms
D) Improved breathing
Correct ,,,,Answer,,,,: C
Rationale: Postural drainage can cause complications including
bronchospasms, increased intracranial pressure, hypotension, and
cardiac arrhythmias. Patients should be monitored closely during
therapy .
Q8. A patient is on 4 L of oxygen and has an oxygen saturation of 88%.
What should the nurse do?
A) Increase the oxygen to 6 L
B) Notify the provider immediately
C) Place the head of bed in semi-Fowler's position
D) Apply a non-rebreather mask
BANK: 200 REAL QUESTIONS & CORRECT
ANSWERS | NURSING FUNDAMENTALS
STUDY GUIDE
Q1. The nurse recognizes which term to identify the second line of
defense that leads to local capillary dilation and leukocyte infiltration?
A) Normal flora
B) Inflammatory response
C) Immune response
D) Humoral immunity
Correct ,,,,Answer,,,,: B
Rationale: The second line of defense is the inflammatory response.
Inflammation is a local response to cellular injury or infection that
includes capillary dilation and leukocyte infiltration. Normal flora is the
body's first line of defense .
Q2. The nurse knows that the antigen-antibody reaction is an example of
what type of immunity?
A) Humoral
B) Cellular
C) Innate
D) Passive
,Correct ,,,,Answer,,,,: A
Rationale: Humoral immunity involves antibodies and white blood cells
that produce antibodies in response to antigens. Cellular immunity
involves defense by white blood cells against microorganisms the body
does not recognize as its own .
Q3. The nurse uses what term to identify a disease-causing organism?
A) Pathogen
B) Normal flora
C) Germ
D) Microorganism
Correct ,,,,Answer,,,,: A
Rationale: A pathogen is a disease-causing microorganism. Normal
flora are microorganisms that live on or in the body without causing
disease under normal conditions .
Q4. A patient with hypertension asks about breakfast food options.
Which choice is most appropriate?
A) Bacon and eggs
B) Pancakes with syrup
C) Whole wheat cereal with skim milk and banana
D) Sausage biscuit
,Correct ,,,,Answer,,,,: C
Rationale: For patients with hypertension, a heart-healthy diet low in
sodium and saturated fat is recommended. Whole wheat cereal, skim
milk, and banana provide fiber, potassium, and low sodium .
Q5. A patient had a femoral cardiac catheterization. What should the
nurse plan to do?
A) Keep the patient on strict bed rest for 24 hours
B) Encourage the patient to ambulate immediately
C) Perform neurovascular checks with vital signs
D) Apply cold packs to the groin continuously
Correct ,,,,Answer,,,,: C
Rationale: After femoral cardiac catheterization, neurovascular checks
(pulses, color, warmth, sensation, movement) should be performed with
vital signs to monitor for complications such as bleeding, hematoma, or
vascular compromise .
Q6. A patient has had a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Which
dietary choice is correct?
A) High-fat diet
B) Low-carbohydrate diet
C) Low-fat cholesterol diet that includes beans
D) High-protein diet
, Correct ,,,,Answer,,,,: C
Rationale: Post-CABG patients should follow a low-fat, low-cholesterol
diet to promote heart health and prevent further coronary artery disease.
Beans are a good source of protein without saturated fat .
Q7. What is a complication of postural drainage therapy?
A) Increased oxygen saturation
B) Decreased heart rate
C) Bronchospasms
D) Improved breathing
Correct ,,,,Answer,,,,: C
Rationale: Postural drainage can cause complications including
bronchospasms, increased intracranial pressure, hypotension, and
cardiac arrhythmias. Patients should be monitored closely during
therapy .
Q8. A patient is on 4 L of oxygen and has an oxygen saturation of 88%.
What should the nurse do?
A) Increase the oxygen to 6 L
B) Notify the provider immediately
C) Place the head of bed in semi-Fowler's position
D) Apply a non-rebreather mask
