WSU BIOLOGY 106 EXAM 2 HIGH-YIELD DNA
REPLICATION, PROTEIN SYNTHESIS, AND
INHERITANCE SUMMARY 2026
◉ Cotyledons.
Answer: "Seed leaves"
Releases hormones for growth
◉ Taxonomy.
Answer: The scientific study of how living things are classified
◉ hierarchal classification.
Answer: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus,
Species
◉ ancestral lineage.
Answer: common ancestor
◉ Homologies.
Answer: Similarities between organisms based on descent from a
common ancestor.
, ◉ Example of homology.
Answer: Human arms, cat legs, whale flippers, and bat wings all
share similar structure from common ancestor
◉ Homoplasy.
Answer: a character shared by a set of species but not present in
their common ancestor
◉ Example of homoplasy.
Answer: Birds have wings to fly and bats have wings to fly but they
evolved differently as bats are mammals
◉ Cladogram.
Answer: Diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a
group of organisms
◉ monophyletic group.
Answer: group that consists of a single ancestral species and all its
descendants and excludes any organisms that are not descended
from that common ancestor
◉ paraphyletic group.
Answer: A monophyletic group in which some descendants of the
common ancestor have been removed.
REPLICATION, PROTEIN SYNTHESIS, AND
INHERITANCE SUMMARY 2026
◉ Cotyledons.
Answer: "Seed leaves"
Releases hormones for growth
◉ Taxonomy.
Answer: The scientific study of how living things are classified
◉ hierarchal classification.
Answer: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus,
Species
◉ ancestral lineage.
Answer: common ancestor
◉ Homologies.
Answer: Similarities between organisms based on descent from a
common ancestor.
, ◉ Example of homology.
Answer: Human arms, cat legs, whale flippers, and bat wings all
share similar structure from common ancestor
◉ Homoplasy.
Answer: a character shared by a set of species but not present in
their common ancestor
◉ Example of homoplasy.
Answer: Birds have wings to fly and bats have wings to fly but they
evolved differently as bats are mammals
◉ Cladogram.
Answer: Diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a
group of organisms
◉ monophyletic group.
Answer: group that consists of a single ancestral species and all its
descendants and excludes any organisms that are not descended
from that common ancestor
◉ paraphyletic group.
Answer: A monophyletic group in which some descendants of the
common ancestor have been removed.
