WSU BIOLOGY 106 EXAM 1 COMPREHENSIVE
INTRODUCTORY BIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE 2026
◉ leaves.
Answer: The main photosynthetic organs of vascular plants.
◉ Nodes.
Answer: the points at which leaves are attached
◉ internodes.
Answer: the stem segments between nodes
◉ axillary bud.
Answer: A structure that has the potential to form a lateral shoot, or
branch. The bud appears in the angle formed between a leaf and a
stem.
◉ terminal bud.
Answer: bud at tip of a stem responsible for terminal growth
◉ petiole.
Answer: The stalk of a leaf, which joins the leaf to a node of the stem.
,◉ Three plant tissues.
Answer: dermal, vascular, ground
◉ dermal tissue.
Answer: tissue of the plant that makes up the waxy outer layer of the
plant
◉ vascular tissue.
Answer: Plant tissue consisting of cells joined into tubes that
transport water and nutrients throughout the plant body.
◉ ground tissue.
Answer: tissue between the dermal tissue and vascular tissue of a
non-woody plant that functions in photosynthesis, storage, and
support
◉ Xylem.
Answer: vascular tissue that carries water upward from the roots to
every part of a plant
◉ Phloem.
,Answer: Living vascular tissue that carries sugar and organic
substances throughout a plant
◉ parenchyma.
Answer: Fundamental tissue composed of thin-walled living cells
that function in photosynthesis and storage.
◉ Collenchyma.
Answer: type of ground tissue cell with a strong, flexible cell wall;
helps support larger plants
◉ Sclerenchyma.
Answer: type of ground-tissue cell with an extremely thick, rigid cell
wall that makes ground tissue tough and strong
◉ apical meristem.
Answer: Embryonic plant tissue in the tips of roots and in the buds
of shoots that supplies cells for the plant to grow in length.
◉ lateral meristems.
Answer: A meristem that thickens the roots and shoots of woody
plants. The vascular cambium and cork cambium are lateral
meristems.
, ◉ shoot apical meristem.
Answer: dome-shaped mass of dividing cells at the shoot tip
◉ Gymnosperms and eudicots.
Answer: vascular bundles are arranged in a ring
◉ Monocots.
Answer: vascular bundles are scattered throughout the stem
◉ secondary growth.
Answer: Growth produced by lateral meristems, which thickens the
roots and shoots of woody plants.
◉ vascular cambium.
Answer: A cylinder of meristematic tissue in woody plants that adds
layers of secondary vascular tissue called secondary xylem (wood)
and secondary phloem.
◉ cork cambium.
Answer: Lateral meristematic tissue that produces the outer
covering of stems
◉ turgor pressure.
INTRODUCTORY BIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE 2026
◉ leaves.
Answer: The main photosynthetic organs of vascular plants.
◉ Nodes.
Answer: the points at which leaves are attached
◉ internodes.
Answer: the stem segments between nodes
◉ axillary bud.
Answer: A structure that has the potential to form a lateral shoot, or
branch. The bud appears in the angle formed between a leaf and a
stem.
◉ terminal bud.
Answer: bud at tip of a stem responsible for terminal growth
◉ petiole.
Answer: The stalk of a leaf, which joins the leaf to a node of the stem.
,◉ Three plant tissues.
Answer: dermal, vascular, ground
◉ dermal tissue.
Answer: tissue of the plant that makes up the waxy outer layer of the
plant
◉ vascular tissue.
Answer: Plant tissue consisting of cells joined into tubes that
transport water and nutrients throughout the plant body.
◉ ground tissue.
Answer: tissue between the dermal tissue and vascular tissue of a
non-woody plant that functions in photosynthesis, storage, and
support
◉ Xylem.
Answer: vascular tissue that carries water upward from the roots to
every part of a plant
◉ Phloem.
,Answer: Living vascular tissue that carries sugar and organic
substances throughout a plant
◉ parenchyma.
Answer: Fundamental tissue composed of thin-walled living cells
that function in photosynthesis and storage.
◉ Collenchyma.
Answer: type of ground tissue cell with a strong, flexible cell wall;
helps support larger plants
◉ Sclerenchyma.
Answer: type of ground-tissue cell with an extremely thick, rigid cell
wall that makes ground tissue tough and strong
◉ apical meristem.
Answer: Embryonic plant tissue in the tips of roots and in the buds
of shoots that supplies cells for the plant to grow in length.
◉ lateral meristems.
Answer: A meristem that thickens the roots and shoots of woody
plants. The vascular cambium and cork cambium are lateral
meristems.
, ◉ shoot apical meristem.
Answer: dome-shaped mass of dividing cells at the shoot tip
◉ Gymnosperms and eudicots.
Answer: vascular bundles are arranged in a ring
◉ Monocots.
Answer: vascular bundles are scattered throughout the stem
◉ secondary growth.
Answer: Growth produced by lateral meristems, which thickens the
roots and shoots of woody plants.
◉ vascular cambium.
Answer: A cylinder of meristematic tissue in woody plants that adds
layers of secondary vascular tissue called secondary xylem (wood)
and secondary phloem.
◉ cork cambium.
Answer: Lateral meristematic tissue that produces the outer
covering of stems
◉ turgor pressure.
