NU 327 Respiratory Disorders Study Guide || Most
Recent Exam 2026/27 || Actual Complete Real Exam
Questions And Correct Detailed Answers (Verified
Answers) Already Graded A+ | Guaranteed Success!!
Newest Exam | Just Released!! | Instant Download
What is the anatomical difference between the right and left
lung? - ANSWER-
there are 2 lobes on the left lung & 3 lobes on the right lung;
you want to listen
more to the right
side
What is the role of cilia in the respiratory tract? - ANSWER--
lines the trachea &
bronchi
- defense against microorganisms (they work to trap
microorganisms)
- cough reflex (after they have trapped things you have
to expel them)
- impaired
function
,coated in mucous, moist, traps things that come in; if they
function well, you will
cough up any allergens or debris
that enter
What are some factors affecting cilia? - ANSWER-- smoking
(explanation down below)
- ↑ mucous production (slows your cilia down)
- alcohol consumption (alters function of cilia)
- temperature changes (think of your nose running after
switching from cold/warm environments quickly/repeatedly)
- low humidity (dries them out; their job is to humidify so if
humidity is low, it makes that hard to do)
- Smoking paralyzes the mucociliary apparatus & inhaled
particles stimulate them to cough to mobilize mucus. Failure
to remove excess particles from the respiratory system
increases the risk of infection
Identify the accessory muscles of respiration and when they
are active - ANSWER-- sternocleidomastoid
- scalene trapezius
- pectorialis major
- internal intercostals
- abdominal muscles
if the accessory muscles are being used, something is wrong!
,stern scallions pecking into apples <3
Trace blood flow into, through, and out of the lungs -
ANSWER-- pulmonary
artery trunk leaves RV (right ventricle) with
unoxygenated blood
- pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood back to the heart
so... it leaves the heart unoxygenated but gets oxygenated
during its journey
through the blood so that it can bring oxygenated blood
back to the heart
a comes before v, so leaves via Artery and returns via Vein
Ventilation/Perfusion ratio (V/Q ratio) - ANSWER-the ratio of
the amount of air
reaching the alveoli to the amount of blood reaching the
alveoli in capillaries
Normal: 0.8
Ventilation (VA): 4 L/min alveolar air flow
Perfusion (Q): 5 L/min capillary blood flow
What is the pathophysiology underlying a HIGH V/Q ratio and
provide examples
- ANSWER-ventilated but NOT
perfused
, - pulmonary
embolus
What is the pathophysiology underlying a LOW V/Q ratio and
provide examples
- ANSWER-perfused but NOT ventilated; airway
constriction;
responsive to O2
therapy
- asthma
-
pneumonia
What is the pathophysiology underlying a V/Q SHUNT and
provide examples -
ANSWER-NO ventilation; NOT responsive to O2 due to
alveolar collapse
- acute respiratory failure
(ARF)
How does oxygen from the environment get into the tissues?
- ANSWER-by
diffusion: CO2 & O2 move by
diffusion
movement of gas from an area of high concentration to
an area of low
Recent Exam 2026/27 || Actual Complete Real Exam
Questions And Correct Detailed Answers (Verified
Answers) Already Graded A+ | Guaranteed Success!!
Newest Exam | Just Released!! | Instant Download
What is the anatomical difference between the right and left
lung? - ANSWER-
there are 2 lobes on the left lung & 3 lobes on the right lung;
you want to listen
more to the right
side
What is the role of cilia in the respiratory tract? - ANSWER--
lines the trachea &
bronchi
- defense against microorganisms (they work to trap
microorganisms)
- cough reflex (after they have trapped things you have
to expel them)
- impaired
function
,coated in mucous, moist, traps things that come in; if they
function well, you will
cough up any allergens or debris
that enter
What are some factors affecting cilia? - ANSWER-- smoking
(explanation down below)
- ↑ mucous production (slows your cilia down)
- alcohol consumption (alters function of cilia)
- temperature changes (think of your nose running after
switching from cold/warm environments quickly/repeatedly)
- low humidity (dries them out; their job is to humidify so if
humidity is low, it makes that hard to do)
- Smoking paralyzes the mucociliary apparatus & inhaled
particles stimulate them to cough to mobilize mucus. Failure
to remove excess particles from the respiratory system
increases the risk of infection
Identify the accessory muscles of respiration and when they
are active - ANSWER-- sternocleidomastoid
- scalene trapezius
- pectorialis major
- internal intercostals
- abdominal muscles
if the accessory muscles are being used, something is wrong!
,stern scallions pecking into apples <3
Trace blood flow into, through, and out of the lungs -
ANSWER-- pulmonary
artery trunk leaves RV (right ventricle) with
unoxygenated blood
- pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood back to the heart
so... it leaves the heart unoxygenated but gets oxygenated
during its journey
through the blood so that it can bring oxygenated blood
back to the heart
a comes before v, so leaves via Artery and returns via Vein
Ventilation/Perfusion ratio (V/Q ratio) - ANSWER-the ratio of
the amount of air
reaching the alveoli to the amount of blood reaching the
alveoli in capillaries
Normal: 0.8
Ventilation (VA): 4 L/min alveolar air flow
Perfusion (Q): 5 L/min capillary blood flow
What is the pathophysiology underlying a HIGH V/Q ratio and
provide examples
- ANSWER-ventilated but NOT
perfused
, - pulmonary
embolus
What is the pathophysiology underlying a LOW V/Q ratio and
provide examples
- ANSWER-perfused but NOT ventilated; airway
constriction;
responsive to O2
therapy
- asthma
-
pneumonia
What is the pathophysiology underlying a V/Q SHUNT and
provide examples -
ANSWER-NO ventilation; NOT responsive to O2 due to
alveolar collapse
- acute respiratory failure
(ARF)
How does oxygen from the environment get into the tissues?
- ANSWER-by
diffusion: CO2 & O2 move by
diffusion
movement of gas from an area of high concentration to
an area of low
