SCI225 PATHO FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
A,patient,with,type,1,diabetes,asks,the,nurse,what,causes,polyuria.,What,is,the,nurse's
best,response?,The,symptom,of,polyuria,in,diabetes,mellitus,(DM),is,caused,by:
a.,a,reduced,ADH,response,caused,by,insulin,deficiency.
b.,the,loss,of,protein,across,the,glomerular,membrane.
c.,the,production,of,ketones.
d.,increased,glucose,in,the,urine.,-,ans-✔✔d.,increased,glucose,in,the,urine.
If,a,patient,with,diabetes,has,advanced,glycosylation,end,products,
(AGEs),,what,does,the,nurse,suspect,is,happening,in,the,patient's,body?
a.,Increased,ketone,formation
b.,Tissue/cellular,injury
c.,Dawn,phenomenon
d.,Reduction,of,chronic,complications,-,ans-✔✔b.,Tissue/cellular,injury
Which,information,should,the,nurse,include,in,a,lecture,on,syndrome,of,inappropriate
antidiuretic,hormone,(SIADH)?,SIADH,results,in,excessive:
a.,renal,retention,of,sodium,and,water.
b.,renal,excretion,of,sodium,without,water,retention.
c.,renal,retention,of,water,without,sodium,retention.
d.,renal,excretion,of,water,without,sodium,retention.,-,ans-
✔✔c.,renal,retention,of,water,without,sodium,retention.
A,patient,has,thyroid,carcinoma.,Which,of,the,following,will,the,nurse,find,on
assessment?
a.,Small,thyroid,nodule
b.,Elevated,T3,and,T4
c.,Large,,diffuse,goiter
d.,Thyroid,gland,atrophy,-,ans-✔✔a.,Small,thyroid,nodule
A,patient,with,Graves,disease,has,subcutaneous,swelling,of,the,anterior,leg.,Which,term,s
hould,the,nurse,document,on,the,chart?
a.,Papilledema
, b.,Pretibial,myxedema
c.,Diplopia
d.,Acropachy,-,ans-✔✔b.,Pretibial,myxedema
A,student,nurse,asks,the,nurse,what,causes,acromegaly.,The,nurse,should,explain,that
acromegaly,is,caused,by,abnormal,increases,of:
a.,prolactin.
b.,growth,hormone.
c.,insulin.
d.,glucocorticoids.,-,ans-✔✔b.,growth,hormone.
The,pathophysiology,of,type,1,diabetes,mellitus,(DM),involves:
a.,autoimmune,destruction,of,pancreatic,beta,cells
b.,production,of,antibodies,against,alpha,cells.
c.,type,I,hypersensitivity,against,pancreatic,mast,cells.
d.,insulin,resistance,in,cellular,receptors.,-,ans-
✔✔a.,autoimmune,destruction,of,pancreatic,beta,cells
Which,is,the,appropriate,method,for,diagnosis,of,type,1,diabetes?
a.,Measuring,urine,output
b.,Evaluating,fasting,plasma,glucose,levels
c.,Performing,a,battery,of,genetic,tests
d.,The,presence,of,symptoms,is,the,only,definitive,method.,-,ans-
✔✔b.,Evaluating,fasting,plasma,glucose,levels
Which,of,the,following,statements,indicates,that,the,nurse,needs,more,teaching?
Hyperglycemia,can,lead,to,chronic,complications,of,diabetes,through:
a.,activation,of,protein,kinase,C
b.,induction,of,the,polyol,pathway
c.,glycosylation
d.,suppression,of,oxidative,stress,-,ans-✔✔d.,suppression,of,oxidative,stress
Graves,disease,is,an,example,of,a:
a.,type,I,hypersensitivity.
b.,type,II,hypersensitivity.
c.,type,III,hypersensitivity.
d.,type,IV,hypersensitivity.,-,ans-✔✔b.,type,II,hypersensitivity.
A,patient,asks,the,nurse,about,the,best,treatment,for,multiple,myeloma?,How,should
the,nurse,respond?
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
A,patient,with,type,1,diabetes,asks,the,nurse,what,causes,polyuria.,What,is,the,nurse's
best,response?,The,symptom,of,polyuria,in,diabetes,mellitus,(DM),is,caused,by:
a.,a,reduced,ADH,response,caused,by,insulin,deficiency.
b.,the,loss,of,protein,across,the,glomerular,membrane.
c.,the,production,of,ketones.
d.,increased,glucose,in,the,urine.,-,ans-✔✔d.,increased,glucose,in,the,urine.
If,a,patient,with,diabetes,has,advanced,glycosylation,end,products,
(AGEs),,what,does,the,nurse,suspect,is,happening,in,the,patient's,body?
a.,Increased,ketone,formation
b.,Tissue/cellular,injury
c.,Dawn,phenomenon
d.,Reduction,of,chronic,complications,-,ans-✔✔b.,Tissue/cellular,injury
Which,information,should,the,nurse,include,in,a,lecture,on,syndrome,of,inappropriate
antidiuretic,hormone,(SIADH)?,SIADH,results,in,excessive:
a.,renal,retention,of,sodium,and,water.
b.,renal,excretion,of,sodium,without,water,retention.
c.,renal,retention,of,water,without,sodium,retention.
d.,renal,excretion,of,water,without,sodium,retention.,-,ans-
✔✔c.,renal,retention,of,water,without,sodium,retention.
A,patient,has,thyroid,carcinoma.,Which,of,the,following,will,the,nurse,find,on
assessment?
a.,Small,thyroid,nodule
b.,Elevated,T3,and,T4
c.,Large,,diffuse,goiter
d.,Thyroid,gland,atrophy,-,ans-✔✔a.,Small,thyroid,nodule
A,patient,with,Graves,disease,has,subcutaneous,swelling,of,the,anterior,leg.,Which,term,s
hould,the,nurse,document,on,the,chart?
a.,Papilledema
, b.,Pretibial,myxedema
c.,Diplopia
d.,Acropachy,-,ans-✔✔b.,Pretibial,myxedema
A,student,nurse,asks,the,nurse,what,causes,acromegaly.,The,nurse,should,explain,that
acromegaly,is,caused,by,abnormal,increases,of:
a.,prolactin.
b.,growth,hormone.
c.,insulin.
d.,glucocorticoids.,-,ans-✔✔b.,growth,hormone.
The,pathophysiology,of,type,1,diabetes,mellitus,(DM),involves:
a.,autoimmune,destruction,of,pancreatic,beta,cells
b.,production,of,antibodies,against,alpha,cells.
c.,type,I,hypersensitivity,against,pancreatic,mast,cells.
d.,insulin,resistance,in,cellular,receptors.,-,ans-
✔✔a.,autoimmune,destruction,of,pancreatic,beta,cells
Which,is,the,appropriate,method,for,diagnosis,of,type,1,diabetes?
a.,Measuring,urine,output
b.,Evaluating,fasting,plasma,glucose,levels
c.,Performing,a,battery,of,genetic,tests
d.,The,presence,of,symptoms,is,the,only,definitive,method.,-,ans-
✔✔b.,Evaluating,fasting,plasma,glucose,levels
Which,of,the,following,statements,indicates,that,the,nurse,needs,more,teaching?
Hyperglycemia,can,lead,to,chronic,complications,of,diabetes,through:
a.,activation,of,protein,kinase,C
b.,induction,of,the,polyol,pathway
c.,glycosylation
d.,suppression,of,oxidative,stress,-,ans-✔✔d.,suppression,of,oxidative,stress
Graves,disease,is,an,example,of,a:
a.,type,I,hypersensitivity.
b.,type,II,hypersensitivity.
c.,type,III,hypersensitivity.
d.,type,IV,hypersensitivity.,-,ans-✔✔b.,type,II,hypersensitivity.
A,patient,asks,the,nurse,about,the,best,treatment,for,multiple,myeloma?,How,should
the,nurse,respond?
