PSYC 420 EXAM 1QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026
dynamic systems theory - Answers infants assemble motor skills for perceiving and acting; to develop
motor skills infants must perceive something in their environment that motivates them to act and
then use their perceptions to fine tune the movements. motor skills represent pathways to the
infant's goals
rooting reflex - Answers a baby's tendency, when touched on the cheek, to turn toward the touch,
open the mouth, and search for the nipple
sucking reflex - Answers Reflex that causes a newborn to make sucking motions when a finger or
nipple if placed in the mouth
also self-soothing/self-regulating mechanism
gross motor skills - Answers physical abilities involving large body movements, such as walking and
jumping
fine motor skills - Answers physical abilities involving small body movements, especially of the hands
and fingers, such as drawing and picking up a coin
sensation - Answers the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and
represent stimulus energies from our environment
ecological view of perception - Answers Gibson; using information from the environment to support
actions (i.e. driving)
visual preference method - Answers a method used to determine whether infants can distinguish one
stimulus from another by measuring the length of time they attend to different stimuli
habituation/dishabituation - Answers decreased response to repeated stimuli
A change in stimuli increasing a previously habituated response.
high amplitude sucking - Answers researchers use of a special pacifier with an internal sensing device
that indicates when the infant's rate or intensity of sucking increases with different sounds
fetus hearing - Answers can hear at about 33-34 weeks with fMRI study and recognizing cat and hat
study
tactile stimulation - Answers evoking a response by touching in fetus regularly more likely to have
easy temperment
intermodal perception - Answers the combining of information from two or more sensory systems
developmental connection - Answers piaget's theory that children construct their understanding of
the world through 4 stages of cognitive development
nativist view - Answers the view that all cognitive phenomena are inborn, that they unravel as a
result of biological "programming," and that environmental perception requires little active
construction by the organism
Empiricist view - Answers people begin life with their mind as a blank tablet; the mind acquires
information through experiences in the world
Eight-month-old Atlas is able to climb the stairs when his mother helps him by encouraging him
vocally and giving him little pushes when he gets stuck. Vygotsky would say that his mother is
providing him with... - Answers scaffolding
As Atlas becomes more skilled at climbing stairs, his parents provide him with less help. The way in
which they tailor their help to his abilities keeps Atlas working in his... - Answers zone of proximal
development
Now at 10 months, Atlas can crawl up the steps by himself. However, once he starts walking he will
have to adapt his movements and devise new strategies for the stairs, as his skills will not transfer
directly from crawling to walking. This observation is most in line with... - Answers ecological theory
of perception
At 5 months, Atlas demonstrates that he can cross the midline when he - Answers moves a toy from
his right to his left hand
Now that Atlas is 6 months old, he is able to grab desired toys. What must happen before a baby can
intentionally grab objects in this way? - Answers The grasping reflex must be extinguished.
When 10-month-old Atlas can use his forefinger and thumb to pick up a Cheerio, he is showing that
he has mastered - Answers the pincer grasp
milestones in gross motor development - Answers 1. prone, lift head
2. prone, chest up, use arms for support
3. roll over
, 4. support some weight with legs
5. sit without support
6. stand with support
7. pull self to stand
8. walk using furniture
9. walk using furniture
10. stand alone easily
11. walk alone easily
development - Answers the pattern of movement or change that begins at conception and continues
through the human life span
upper boundary of human life span - Answers 122 (oldest age documented) max life span - hasn't
changed since beginning of recorded history
Galapagos turtle is 100+
life expectancy - Answers The average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given
current social, economic, and medical conditions. average number of years a newborn infant can
expect to live.
increased by 30 years
for 2017, it is 79 years
took 5,000 years to extend from 18 to 41 years
in 2019 for the first time - Answers more people over 60 than under 18
Laura Carstensen - Answers described challenges associated with increase in life expectancy and
number of older people, challenge for world constructed mainly for young people to support older
people
culture - Answers the behavior patterns, beliefs, and all other products of a group that are passed on
from generation to generation
cross-cultural studies - Answers compare aspects of two or more cultures
biological processes - Answers produce changes in an individual's physical nature
genes inherited from parents, development of brain, height and weigh gains, changes in motor skills,
nutrition, exercise, hormonal changes of puberty, cv decline all affect this
cognitive processes - Answers changes in an individual's thought, intelligence, and language
watching a colorful mobile swinging above a crib, putting together a 2 word sentence, memorizing a
poem, imagining what it would be like to be a movie star, and solving a crossword puzzle all include
this
emerging adulthood - Answers approx 18-25 years old, transition from adolescence to adulthood,
experimentation and exploration characterize it
are adults in the US happier as they age? - Answers yes and psychological well-being increased after
age of 50 years
more content with life and relationships, less pressure to achieve, more time for leisure, more
wisdom
nature-nurture issue - Answers the longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that
genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors. Today's science
sees traits and behaviors arising from the interaction of nature and nurture
Scientific Method - Answers 1. conceptualize a process or problem to be studied
2. collect research information (data)
3. analyze data
4. draw conclusions
theory - Answers an interrelated, coherent set of ideas that helps to explain phenomena and make
predictions
complimentary to one another for development
dynamic systems theory - Answers infants assemble motor skills for perceiving and acting; to develop
motor skills infants must perceive something in their environment that motivates them to act and
then use their perceptions to fine tune the movements. motor skills represent pathways to the
infant's goals
rooting reflex - Answers a baby's tendency, when touched on the cheek, to turn toward the touch,
open the mouth, and search for the nipple
sucking reflex - Answers Reflex that causes a newborn to make sucking motions when a finger or
nipple if placed in the mouth
also self-soothing/self-regulating mechanism
gross motor skills - Answers physical abilities involving large body movements, such as walking and
jumping
fine motor skills - Answers physical abilities involving small body movements, especially of the hands
and fingers, such as drawing and picking up a coin
sensation - Answers the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and
represent stimulus energies from our environment
ecological view of perception - Answers Gibson; using information from the environment to support
actions (i.e. driving)
visual preference method - Answers a method used to determine whether infants can distinguish one
stimulus from another by measuring the length of time they attend to different stimuli
habituation/dishabituation - Answers decreased response to repeated stimuli
A change in stimuli increasing a previously habituated response.
high amplitude sucking - Answers researchers use of a special pacifier with an internal sensing device
that indicates when the infant's rate or intensity of sucking increases with different sounds
fetus hearing - Answers can hear at about 33-34 weeks with fMRI study and recognizing cat and hat
study
tactile stimulation - Answers evoking a response by touching in fetus regularly more likely to have
easy temperment
intermodal perception - Answers the combining of information from two or more sensory systems
developmental connection - Answers piaget's theory that children construct their understanding of
the world through 4 stages of cognitive development
nativist view - Answers the view that all cognitive phenomena are inborn, that they unravel as a
result of biological "programming," and that environmental perception requires little active
construction by the organism
Empiricist view - Answers people begin life with their mind as a blank tablet; the mind acquires
information through experiences in the world
Eight-month-old Atlas is able to climb the stairs when his mother helps him by encouraging him
vocally and giving him little pushes when he gets stuck. Vygotsky would say that his mother is
providing him with... - Answers scaffolding
As Atlas becomes more skilled at climbing stairs, his parents provide him with less help. The way in
which they tailor their help to his abilities keeps Atlas working in his... - Answers zone of proximal
development
Now at 10 months, Atlas can crawl up the steps by himself. However, once he starts walking he will
have to adapt his movements and devise new strategies for the stairs, as his skills will not transfer
directly from crawling to walking. This observation is most in line with... - Answers ecological theory
of perception
At 5 months, Atlas demonstrates that he can cross the midline when he - Answers moves a toy from
his right to his left hand
Now that Atlas is 6 months old, he is able to grab desired toys. What must happen before a baby can
intentionally grab objects in this way? - Answers The grasping reflex must be extinguished.
When 10-month-old Atlas can use his forefinger and thumb to pick up a Cheerio, he is showing that
he has mastered - Answers the pincer grasp
milestones in gross motor development - Answers 1. prone, lift head
2. prone, chest up, use arms for support
3. roll over
, 4. support some weight with legs
5. sit without support
6. stand with support
7. pull self to stand
8. walk using furniture
9. walk using furniture
10. stand alone easily
11. walk alone easily
development - Answers the pattern of movement or change that begins at conception and continues
through the human life span
upper boundary of human life span - Answers 122 (oldest age documented) max life span - hasn't
changed since beginning of recorded history
Galapagos turtle is 100+
life expectancy - Answers The average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given
current social, economic, and medical conditions. average number of years a newborn infant can
expect to live.
increased by 30 years
for 2017, it is 79 years
took 5,000 years to extend from 18 to 41 years
in 2019 for the first time - Answers more people over 60 than under 18
Laura Carstensen - Answers described challenges associated with increase in life expectancy and
number of older people, challenge for world constructed mainly for young people to support older
people
culture - Answers the behavior patterns, beliefs, and all other products of a group that are passed on
from generation to generation
cross-cultural studies - Answers compare aspects of two or more cultures
biological processes - Answers produce changes in an individual's physical nature
genes inherited from parents, development of brain, height and weigh gains, changes in motor skills,
nutrition, exercise, hormonal changes of puberty, cv decline all affect this
cognitive processes - Answers changes in an individual's thought, intelligence, and language
watching a colorful mobile swinging above a crib, putting together a 2 word sentence, memorizing a
poem, imagining what it would be like to be a movie star, and solving a crossword puzzle all include
this
emerging adulthood - Answers approx 18-25 years old, transition from adolescence to adulthood,
experimentation and exploration characterize it
are adults in the US happier as they age? - Answers yes and psychological well-being increased after
age of 50 years
more content with life and relationships, less pressure to achieve, more time for leisure, more
wisdom
nature-nurture issue - Answers the longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that
genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors. Today's science
sees traits and behaviors arising from the interaction of nature and nurture
Scientific Method - Answers 1. conceptualize a process or problem to be studied
2. collect research information (data)
3. analyze data
4. draw conclusions
theory - Answers an interrelated, coherent set of ideas that helps to explain phenomena and make
predictions
complimentary to one another for development
