PNB 2265 Final || with Complete Solutions.
how much filtrate is reabsorbed by the kidney? correct answers 99%
Functions of the kidney correct answers excretion of wastes and foreign chemicals
regulation of water and ions
secretion of hormones
what does the blood enter the kidney from? correct answers large renal arteries from the aorta
enter the medial border
what makes up the renal cortex? correct answers the outer cortical region and the inner
juxtamedullary region which is near the medulla
where is the renal pepillae located and what is it? correct answers renal medulla and it is the tip
or apex of the nephron pyramids
what filters into the renal pelvis? correct answers calyx
the osmotic gradient is working from where? correct answers outer cortex to the inner medulla
what is filtered in bowman's capsule? correct answers blood plasma minus the proteins so there
are nutrients and ions in similar concentration to blood
list the order of the nephrons units correct answers bowmans capsule
proximal convoluted tubule
loop of henle (descending then ascending)
distal convoluted tubule
collecting ducts (cortical then papillary)
what delivers blood to the glomerular capillaries? correct answers afferent arteriole
where do efferent arterioles carry blood to? correct answers away from the glomerular capillaries
to the peritubular capillaries
peritubular capillaries correct answers around the proximal and distal tubules and are absorbing
the materials being reabsorbed from the tubules back into the body and anything being secreted
into the tubules are coming from these capillaries
two types of nephrons correct answers cortical - short loops
juxtamedullary - long
Juxtamedullary nephrons correct answers role in urine concentrating mechanism,
creates osmotic gradient,
associated with the vasa recta
, where is the primary site of reabsorption correct answers proximal tubule
concentration of the most dilute urine you can have? correct answers 100mOsm
what is the renal corpuscle made of? what is it the site of correct answers glomerular capillaries
and Bowman's capsule
site of filtration
Basic Renal Processes correct answers Bulk flow of protein-free plasma from glomerular
capillaries into nephron. Since filtrate is essentially the same as plasma (minus the proteins), as
fluid flows through the rest of the nephron, the processes of reabsorption and secretion will alter
the filtrate to form urine
smooth muscle of bladder correct answers detrusor muscle
transitional epithelium correct answers layered epithelium that is able to withstand stretch by
changing cell shape fom cube to flat
amount excreted correct answers amount filtered + amount secreted - amount reabsorbed
how are proteins eliminated from the plasma? correct answers podocytes
podocytes correct answers epithelial cells of bowmans capsule are slits that prevent the passage
of proteins into bowmans space
forces favoring filtration correct answers glomerular capillary blood pressure
capsular colloid osmotic pressure which is normally 0
forces opposing filtration correct answers fluid pressure in bowmans space
blood colloid osmotic pressure which is the osmotic force due to protein in plasma
NFP = correct answers PGC - PBS - blood colloid osmotic pressure
GFR correct answers glomerular filtration rate
fluid filtered from glomeruli into bowmans capsule per unit time, normal is 7.5 liters/hr
driving force of GFR correct answers blood pressure which uses no extra ATP
Regulation of diameter of afferent and efferent arterioles correct answers vasoconstriction of
afferent decreases the glomerular capillary BP to decrease the GFR
dilation of the afferent increases the glomerular capillary BP to increase GFR
Regulation of GFR correct answers myogenic mechanism
tubulogloerular feedback mechanism
how much filtrate is reabsorbed by the kidney? correct answers 99%
Functions of the kidney correct answers excretion of wastes and foreign chemicals
regulation of water and ions
secretion of hormones
what does the blood enter the kidney from? correct answers large renal arteries from the aorta
enter the medial border
what makes up the renal cortex? correct answers the outer cortical region and the inner
juxtamedullary region which is near the medulla
where is the renal pepillae located and what is it? correct answers renal medulla and it is the tip
or apex of the nephron pyramids
what filters into the renal pelvis? correct answers calyx
the osmotic gradient is working from where? correct answers outer cortex to the inner medulla
what is filtered in bowman's capsule? correct answers blood plasma minus the proteins so there
are nutrients and ions in similar concentration to blood
list the order of the nephrons units correct answers bowmans capsule
proximal convoluted tubule
loop of henle (descending then ascending)
distal convoluted tubule
collecting ducts (cortical then papillary)
what delivers blood to the glomerular capillaries? correct answers afferent arteriole
where do efferent arterioles carry blood to? correct answers away from the glomerular capillaries
to the peritubular capillaries
peritubular capillaries correct answers around the proximal and distal tubules and are absorbing
the materials being reabsorbed from the tubules back into the body and anything being secreted
into the tubules are coming from these capillaries
two types of nephrons correct answers cortical - short loops
juxtamedullary - long
Juxtamedullary nephrons correct answers role in urine concentrating mechanism,
creates osmotic gradient,
associated with the vasa recta
, where is the primary site of reabsorption correct answers proximal tubule
concentration of the most dilute urine you can have? correct answers 100mOsm
what is the renal corpuscle made of? what is it the site of correct answers glomerular capillaries
and Bowman's capsule
site of filtration
Basic Renal Processes correct answers Bulk flow of protein-free plasma from glomerular
capillaries into nephron. Since filtrate is essentially the same as plasma (minus the proteins), as
fluid flows through the rest of the nephron, the processes of reabsorption and secretion will alter
the filtrate to form urine
smooth muscle of bladder correct answers detrusor muscle
transitional epithelium correct answers layered epithelium that is able to withstand stretch by
changing cell shape fom cube to flat
amount excreted correct answers amount filtered + amount secreted - amount reabsorbed
how are proteins eliminated from the plasma? correct answers podocytes
podocytes correct answers epithelial cells of bowmans capsule are slits that prevent the passage
of proteins into bowmans space
forces favoring filtration correct answers glomerular capillary blood pressure
capsular colloid osmotic pressure which is normally 0
forces opposing filtration correct answers fluid pressure in bowmans space
blood colloid osmotic pressure which is the osmotic force due to protein in plasma
NFP = correct answers PGC - PBS - blood colloid osmotic pressure
GFR correct answers glomerular filtration rate
fluid filtered from glomeruli into bowmans capsule per unit time, normal is 7.5 liters/hr
driving force of GFR correct answers blood pressure which uses no extra ATP
Regulation of diameter of afferent and efferent arterioles correct answers vasoconstriction of
afferent decreases the glomerular capillary BP to decrease the GFR
dilation of the afferent increases the glomerular capillary BP to increase GFR
Regulation of GFR correct answers myogenic mechanism
tubulogloerular feedback mechanism
