DES Test: Complete Study Guide, Key Concepts & Practice
Questions
When is PPC Re-computation req'd? (DATM) - ANS ✔✔When there is a difference of:
± 1,000 Ft PA
± 5°C
± 500 lbs of GWT
± .05 ETF
When is Dynamic Inflight Update req'd? (DATM) - ANS ✔✔Operating Wt. must be updated
when intent on T/O or landing within 3,000 lbs of Max GWT and there is an increase of 1,000 ft
PA, 5°C or 500 lbs over the MAX Departure Conditions.
What is Degraded Visual Environment(DVE)? TC3-04.93 9-8 - ANS ✔✔a state of reduced
visibility whereby spatial situational awareness and ACFT CTRL cannot be maintained w/ the
same precision as normal VMC e.g. Brownout, Whiteout
(DATM)
Prior to entering DVE, use Coupled FD to prevent SD. When operating in DVE, utilize Coupled FD
as primary means of flight operation.
What are Visual Illusions? TC3-04.93 9-40 - ANS ✔✔1. False Horizon
2. Fascination V.S. Fixation
3. Confusion to Ground Lights
4. Crater Illusion
5. Structural Illusion
6. Size-Distance Illusion
, 7. Size Constancy
8. Shape Constancy
9. Aerial Perspective
10. Height-Depth Perception
11. Autokinesis
12. Vection (Induced Motion Illusion)
What is False Horizon? - ANS ✔✔occurs when a pilot confuses a wide sloping plane of reference
such as sloping cloud tops, mountain ridges, or cultural lighting at night with the true horizon.
What is Fascination/ Fixation? - ANS ✔✔Fascination - being too focused inside the cockpit and
forgetting to scan outside.
Fixated - being to focused outside the cockpit and forgetting to scan inside.
What is Confusion to Ground Lights? - ANS ✔✔occurs when a pilot mistakes ground lights for
stars.
What is Crater Illusion? - ANS ✔✔occurs when crewmembers land at night under NVD
conditions and the IR searchlight is directed too far under the nose of the ACFT. It creates the
illusion of landing with upsloping terrain in all direction or landing in a crater.
What is Structural Illusion? - ANS ✔✔caused by the effect of rain, snow, sleet, heat waves or
other visual obscurants. Straight line can appear curved due to heat waves(mirage) in the
desert. Curvature of the acft's windscreen also cause structural illusion.
What is Size-Distance Illusion? - ANS ✔✔a crewmember misinterprets an object of unfamiliar
size and shape by comparing it with what they are accustomed to seeing based on experience.
Questions
When is PPC Re-computation req'd? (DATM) - ANS ✔✔When there is a difference of:
± 1,000 Ft PA
± 5°C
± 500 lbs of GWT
± .05 ETF
When is Dynamic Inflight Update req'd? (DATM) - ANS ✔✔Operating Wt. must be updated
when intent on T/O or landing within 3,000 lbs of Max GWT and there is an increase of 1,000 ft
PA, 5°C or 500 lbs over the MAX Departure Conditions.
What is Degraded Visual Environment(DVE)? TC3-04.93 9-8 - ANS ✔✔a state of reduced
visibility whereby spatial situational awareness and ACFT CTRL cannot be maintained w/ the
same precision as normal VMC e.g. Brownout, Whiteout
(DATM)
Prior to entering DVE, use Coupled FD to prevent SD. When operating in DVE, utilize Coupled FD
as primary means of flight operation.
What are Visual Illusions? TC3-04.93 9-40 - ANS ✔✔1. False Horizon
2. Fascination V.S. Fixation
3. Confusion to Ground Lights
4. Crater Illusion
5. Structural Illusion
6. Size-Distance Illusion
, 7. Size Constancy
8. Shape Constancy
9. Aerial Perspective
10. Height-Depth Perception
11. Autokinesis
12. Vection (Induced Motion Illusion)
What is False Horizon? - ANS ✔✔occurs when a pilot confuses a wide sloping plane of reference
such as sloping cloud tops, mountain ridges, or cultural lighting at night with the true horizon.
What is Fascination/ Fixation? - ANS ✔✔Fascination - being too focused inside the cockpit and
forgetting to scan outside.
Fixated - being to focused outside the cockpit and forgetting to scan inside.
What is Confusion to Ground Lights? - ANS ✔✔occurs when a pilot mistakes ground lights for
stars.
What is Crater Illusion? - ANS ✔✔occurs when crewmembers land at night under NVD
conditions and the IR searchlight is directed too far under the nose of the ACFT. It creates the
illusion of landing with upsloping terrain in all direction or landing in a crater.
What is Structural Illusion? - ANS ✔✔caused by the effect of rain, snow, sleet, heat waves or
other visual obscurants. Straight line can appear curved due to heat waves(mirage) in the
desert. Curvature of the acft's windscreen also cause structural illusion.
What is Size-Distance Illusion? - ANS ✔✔a crewmember misinterprets an object of unfamiliar
size and shape by comparing it with what they are accustomed to seeing based on experience.
