TEST BANK FOR PILBEAM'S MECHANICAL VENTILATION, 8T
EDITION
1. Spontaneous ventilation: The body's mechanism for conducting
air in and out of the lungs.
2. External respiration: The exchange of oxygen (O2) and e alveoli
and
carbon dioxide (CO2) between th the pulmonary capillaries.
3. Internal respiration: Occurs at the cellular level and m the
systemic
involves movement of oxygen fro blood into the cells.
4. Intrapleural pressure: The pressure within the pleural cavity that
changes during spontaneous breath-ing.
5. Alveolar pressure (PA): The pressure within the alveoli during
breathing.
6. Transpulmonary pressure (PL): The pressure required to
maintain alveolar inflation.
7. Transairway pressure (PTA): The pressure gradient required
to produce airflow in the conducting tubes.
8. Transrespiratory pressure (PTR): The pressure to inflate the
lungs and airways during positive pressure ventilation.
9. Transthoracic pressure (PTT): The pressure required to
expand or contract the lungs and the chest wall at the same time.
10. Tidal volume (VT): The volume of air inhaled or exhaled during
normal breathing.
11. Effective static compliance (Cs): Calculated using the
formula Cs = VT / (Pplateau - PEEP).
12. Static lung compliance: Calculated using the formula Cs =
,TEST BANK FOR PILBEAM'S MECHANICAL VENTILATION, 8T
EDITION
VT / (Pplateau - PEEP).
13. Airway resistance: The resistance to airflow within the
airways.
14. Elastance: The tendency of a structure to return to its original
form after being stretched.
15. Compliance: The ease with which a structure distends or
stretches.
16. Viscous resistance: The opposition to movement ottered by
adjacent structures such as the lungs and their adjacent organs.
17. Distending pressure: The pressure required to maintain
inflation, for example, alveolar distending pressure.
18. Peak inspiratory pressure (PIP): The maximum pressure
during inhalation in mechanical ventila-tion.
, TEST BANK FOR PILBEAM'S MECHANICAL VENTILATION, 8T
EDITION
19. Plateau pressure (Pplateau): The pressure mechanica
l
measured during a pause in inhalation in ventilation.
20. Positive-end expiratory pressure (PEEP): g expiration
that
The pressure in the airways durin prevents alveolar
collapse.
21. Pulmonary compliance: The ability of the lungs to stretch
and expand.
22. Emphysema: A condition that causes pulmonary compliance to
increase.
23. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): A
condition that causes a decrease in pul-monary compliance.
24. Kyphoscoliosis: A condition that causes a decrease in
pulmonary compliance.
25. Asthma: A condition that causes an increase in airway resistance.
26. Respiratory system compliance: The measure of the
lung's ability to expand and contract.
27. Mechanical ventilation: The use of a machine to assist or
replace spontaneous breathing.
28. Tidal Volume (VT): Volume of air exhaled in one breath.
29. Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP): Pressure
maintained in airways at end expiration.
EDITION
1. Spontaneous ventilation: The body's mechanism for conducting
air in and out of the lungs.
2. External respiration: The exchange of oxygen (O2) and e alveoli
and
carbon dioxide (CO2) between th the pulmonary capillaries.
3. Internal respiration: Occurs at the cellular level and m the
systemic
involves movement of oxygen fro blood into the cells.
4. Intrapleural pressure: The pressure within the pleural cavity that
changes during spontaneous breath-ing.
5. Alveolar pressure (PA): The pressure within the alveoli during
breathing.
6. Transpulmonary pressure (PL): The pressure required to
maintain alveolar inflation.
7. Transairway pressure (PTA): The pressure gradient required
to produce airflow in the conducting tubes.
8. Transrespiratory pressure (PTR): The pressure to inflate the
lungs and airways during positive pressure ventilation.
9. Transthoracic pressure (PTT): The pressure required to
expand or contract the lungs and the chest wall at the same time.
10. Tidal volume (VT): The volume of air inhaled or exhaled during
normal breathing.
11. Effective static compliance (Cs): Calculated using the
formula Cs = VT / (Pplateau - PEEP).
12. Static lung compliance: Calculated using the formula Cs =
,TEST BANK FOR PILBEAM'S MECHANICAL VENTILATION, 8T
EDITION
VT / (Pplateau - PEEP).
13. Airway resistance: The resistance to airflow within the
airways.
14. Elastance: The tendency of a structure to return to its original
form after being stretched.
15. Compliance: The ease with which a structure distends or
stretches.
16. Viscous resistance: The opposition to movement ottered by
adjacent structures such as the lungs and their adjacent organs.
17. Distending pressure: The pressure required to maintain
inflation, for example, alveolar distending pressure.
18. Peak inspiratory pressure (PIP): The maximum pressure
during inhalation in mechanical ventila-tion.
, TEST BANK FOR PILBEAM'S MECHANICAL VENTILATION, 8T
EDITION
19. Plateau pressure (Pplateau): The pressure mechanica
l
measured during a pause in inhalation in ventilation.
20. Positive-end expiratory pressure (PEEP): g expiration
that
The pressure in the airways durin prevents alveolar
collapse.
21. Pulmonary compliance: The ability of the lungs to stretch
and expand.
22. Emphysema: A condition that causes pulmonary compliance to
increase.
23. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): A
condition that causes a decrease in pul-monary compliance.
24. Kyphoscoliosis: A condition that causes a decrease in
pulmonary compliance.
25. Asthma: A condition that causes an increase in airway resistance.
26. Respiratory system compliance: The measure of the
lung's ability to expand and contract.
27. Mechanical ventilation: The use of a machine to assist or
replace spontaneous breathing.
28. Tidal Volume (VT): Volume of air exhaled in one breath.
29. Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP): Pressure
maintained in airways at end expiration.
