Instructor’s Solution Manual for Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, Fourth Edition by Stuart J. Russell & Peter Norvig | Complete Instructor Resource, Solutions Guide & Teaching Manual 2026–2027

Instructor’s Solution Manual for Artificial Intelligence: A
Modern Approach, Fourth Edition by Stuart J. Russell &
Peter Norvig – Complete Instructor Resource and
Solutions Guide (2026–2027)
All chapters covered

, Instructor’sSolution Manual
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ArtificialIntelligence m




A Modern Approach
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FourthEditionm




Stuart J. Russell and Peter Norvig
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,EXERCISES m m




1
INTRODUCTION
Note that for many of the questions in this chapter, we give references where answers can be
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found rather than writing them out—the full answers would be far too long.
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1.1 What Is AI?
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Exercise 1.1.#DEFA
Define in your own words: (a) intelligence, (b) artificial intelligence, (c) agent, (d) ra-
tionality, (e) logical reasoning.


a. Dictionary definitions of intelligence talk about “the capacity to acquire and apply
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knowledge” or “the faculty of thought and reason” or “the ability to comprehend and
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profit from experience.” These are all reasonable answers, but if we want something
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quantifiable we would use something like “the ability to act successfully across a wide
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range of objectives in complex environments.”
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b. We define artificial intelligence as the study and construction of agent programs that
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perform well in a given class of environments, for a given agent architecture; they do
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the right thing. An important part of that is dealing with the uncertainty of what the
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current state is, what the outcome of possible actions might be, and what is it that we
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really desire.
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c. We define an agent as an entity that takes action in response to percepts from an envi-
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ronment.
d. We define rationality as the property of a system which does the “right thing” given
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what it knows. See Section 2.2 for a more complete discussion. The basic concept is
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perfect rationality; Section ?? describes the impossibility of achieving perfect rational-ity
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and proposes an alternative definition.
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e. We define logical reasoning as the a process of deriving new sentences from old, such
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that the new sentences are necessarily true if the old ones are true. (Notice that does not
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refer to any specific syntax or formal language, but it does require a well-defined notion of
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truth.)
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Exercise 1.1.#TURI
Read Turing’s original paper on AI (Turing, 1950). In the paper, he discusses several
objections to his proposed enterprise and his test for intelligence. Which objections still carry

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