WGU D311 Microbiology Exam:Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell
Structure, Flagella Function and Motility, Endomembrane System
Components, Protozoa and Fungi Comparison, Photosynthetic Algae,
Plasmid Function and Genetic Transfer, Bacterial Cell Wall
Composition, Nutrient Cycling and Nitrogen Fixation, Bioremediation
Processes, Pathogen Virulence and Disease Expression, Primary vs
Opportunistic Pathogens, High Yield Exam Concepts, Clinical
Applications and Exam Questions Verified and Provided with
Complete A+ Graded Answers Latest Updated 2026
Which statement describes prokaryotic cells?
a) Prokaryotic cells are found in coccus form in both pairs and clusters.
b) Prokaryotic cells have multiple rod-shaped chromosomes.
c) Prokaryotic cells are found in chains of rods but not single rods.
d) Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus surrounded by a complex nuclear membrane.
A
This is correct because prokaryotic cells can form cocus in both pairs and clusters
Which statement describes eukaryotic cells?
a) The exoskeletons of eukaryotic cells maintain and support the cells' shapes.
b) The nuclei of eukaryotic cells are surrounded by complex nuclear membranes.
c) The genomes of eukaryotic cells are usually packaged in single circular chromosomes.
d) The organelles of eukaryotic cells are held in place by semipermeable exoskeletons.
,B
Which statement describes eukaryotic flagella?
a) Eukaryotic flagella can cover the entire surface of a cell.
b) Eukaryotic flagella are rotating structures.
c) Eukaryotic flagella have twelve pairs of microtubules.
d) Eukaryotic flagella are flexible, whip-like structures.
D
Which statement describes the endomembrane system?
a) It is attached to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and makes proteins for insertion into
the cell membrane.
b) It includes the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and vesicles.
c) It is a system that uses diffusion to transport materials inside of the cell.
d) It lacks membrane-bound organelles.
B
Which statement accurately describes similarities between protozoa and fungi?
a) Both perform chemosynthesis.
b) Both can be harmful or harmless depending on the context.
c) Both are made of long filaments that form visible colonies.
d) Both move with help from cilia and flagella.
B
,Why are algae considered photosynthetic organisms?
a) Algae cell walls are constructed with a material called peptidoglycan.
b) Algae contain substances that can be converted into biofuels.
c) Algae produce chemical energy from the sun's light energy.
d) Algae create waste products that other organisms can use to make energy.
C
Why are plasmids important to the survival of organisms?
a) Plasmids exclusively contain the genes responsible for cellular replication in bacteria.
b) Plasmids can store excess nutrients in the cytoplasm of the cell.
c) Plasmids protect the bacterial genome in a dormant state during unfavorable
environmental conditions.
d) Plasmids carry genetic material, apart from the genome, that can benefit the organism.
D
Plasmids often carry genes that can offer beneficial traits such as antibiotic resistance
Which statement describes bacteria?
a) Some bacteria are eukaryotes.
b) Some bacteria have cell walls composed of mycolic acid.
c) Some bacteria are motile by cilia.
d) Some bacteria have cell walls composed of chitin.
, B
Mycolic acid can be found in the cell walls of acid-fast bacteria
Why are prokaryotes vital to life?
Prokaryotes are vital to life because they are able to recycle elements like carbon and
nutrients. Organisms like animals need organic carbon in order to grow but, unlike
prokaryotes, they are unable to use inorganic carbon sources like CO2. The enzyme
nitrogenase is only found in prokaryotes
Which aspect of nutrient cycling is performed only by prokaryotes?
a) Respiration process
b) Carbon fixation
c) Nitrate assimilation
d) Nitrogen fixation
D
The enzyme nitrogenase is only found in prokaryotes; it is vital to life and the process of
nitrogen fixation
How does microbial bioremediation benefit the environment?
a) By helping to minimize the growth of pathogens in different parts of the body
b) By helping to metabolize and remove pollutants in the atmosphere
c) By producing complex organic pharmaceutical compounds used in antibiotics, vaccines, and
vitamins
Structure, Flagella Function and Motility, Endomembrane System
Components, Protozoa and Fungi Comparison, Photosynthetic Algae,
Plasmid Function and Genetic Transfer, Bacterial Cell Wall
Composition, Nutrient Cycling and Nitrogen Fixation, Bioremediation
Processes, Pathogen Virulence and Disease Expression, Primary vs
Opportunistic Pathogens, High Yield Exam Concepts, Clinical
Applications and Exam Questions Verified and Provided with
Complete A+ Graded Answers Latest Updated 2026
Which statement describes prokaryotic cells?
a) Prokaryotic cells are found in coccus form in both pairs and clusters.
b) Prokaryotic cells have multiple rod-shaped chromosomes.
c) Prokaryotic cells are found in chains of rods but not single rods.
d) Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus surrounded by a complex nuclear membrane.
A
This is correct because prokaryotic cells can form cocus in both pairs and clusters
Which statement describes eukaryotic cells?
a) The exoskeletons of eukaryotic cells maintain and support the cells' shapes.
b) The nuclei of eukaryotic cells are surrounded by complex nuclear membranes.
c) The genomes of eukaryotic cells are usually packaged in single circular chromosomes.
d) The organelles of eukaryotic cells are held in place by semipermeable exoskeletons.
,B
Which statement describes eukaryotic flagella?
a) Eukaryotic flagella can cover the entire surface of a cell.
b) Eukaryotic flagella are rotating structures.
c) Eukaryotic flagella have twelve pairs of microtubules.
d) Eukaryotic flagella are flexible, whip-like structures.
D
Which statement describes the endomembrane system?
a) It is attached to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and makes proteins for insertion into
the cell membrane.
b) It includes the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and vesicles.
c) It is a system that uses diffusion to transport materials inside of the cell.
d) It lacks membrane-bound organelles.
B
Which statement accurately describes similarities between protozoa and fungi?
a) Both perform chemosynthesis.
b) Both can be harmful or harmless depending on the context.
c) Both are made of long filaments that form visible colonies.
d) Both move with help from cilia and flagella.
B
,Why are algae considered photosynthetic organisms?
a) Algae cell walls are constructed with a material called peptidoglycan.
b) Algae contain substances that can be converted into biofuels.
c) Algae produce chemical energy from the sun's light energy.
d) Algae create waste products that other organisms can use to make energy.
C
Why are plasmids important to the survival of organisms?
a) Plasmids exclusively contain the genes responsible for cellular replication in bacteria.
b) Plasmids can store excess nutrients in the cytoplasm of the cell.
c) Plasmids protect the bacterial genome in a dormant state during unfavorable
environmental conditions.
d) Plasmids carry genetic material, apart from the genome, that can benefit the organism.
D
Plasmids often carry genes that can offer beneficial traits such as antibiotic resistance
Which statement describes bacteria?
a) Some bacteria are eukaryotes.
b) Some bacteria have cell walls composed of mycolic acid.
c) Some bacteria are motile by cilia.
d) Some bacteria have cell walls composed of chitin.
, B
Mycolic acid can be found in the cell walls of acid-fast bacteria
Why are prokaryotes vital to life?
Prokaryotes are vital to life because they are able to recycle elements like carbon and
nutrients. Organisms like animals need organic carbon in order to grow but, unlike
prokaryotes, they are unable to use inorganic carbon sources like CO2. The enzyme
nitrogenase is only found in prokaryotes
Which aspect of nutrient cycling is performed only by prokaryotes?
a) Respiration process
b) Carbon fixation
c) Nitrate assimilation
d) Nitrogen fixation
D
The enzyme nitrogenase is only found in prokaryotes; it is vital to life and the process of
nitrogen fixation
How does microbial bioremediation benefit the environment?
a) By helping to minimize the growth of pathogens in different parts of the body
b) By helping to metabolize and remove pollutants in the atmosphere
c) By producing complex organic pharmaceutical compounds used in antibiotics, vaccines, and
vitamins
