NUR 335 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT RATED A+
What is the structural description and primary function of the placenta during
gestation?
✔✔ The placenta is a highly vascular, flat, disc-shaped organ (often described
as resembling a thick pancake) that implants into the maternal uterine wall. It
serves as the primary metabolic gateway, delivering oxygen and essential
nutrients from the maternal bloodstream to the fetus, and removing fetal
waste products through the umbilical cord without allowing maternal and
fetal blood to directly mix.
Question 2
What is the standard vascular anatomy of a normal, healthy human umbilical
cord?
✔✔ A normal umbilical cord consists of three distinct vessels: two umbilical
arteries and one umbilical vein (often remembered by the acronym AVA).
The 1 Umbilical Vein: Carries highly oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from
the placenta to the fetus.
The 2 Umbilical Arteries: Carry deoxygenated, waste-laden blood from the
fetus back to the placenta for maternal clearance.
Note: These vessels are surrounded and protected from compression by a
gelatinous connective tissue called Wharton's jelly.
Describe the amniotic fluid -ANSWER......The liquid surrounding the fetus in
utero. It absorbs shocks, permits fetal movement, and prevents heat loss.
Volume of amniotic fluid changes constantly (10wks: 30cc; Term: 1000-2000 cc)
Fetus swallow fluid
Fluid flows into and out of the fetal lungs
, Fetus urinates (adds to amniotic volume)
What is hydramnios? -ANSWER......Excessive amniotic fluid (>2000mL fluid or
>8oz fluid pocket on US) that occurs when fetus is not swallowing the fluid.
Why can hydramnios occur in women with gestational diabetes? -
ANSWER......Hyperglycemia can cause excessive fluid shifts into the amniotic
space
What is oligohydramnios? -ANSWER......Too little amniotic fluid (<300mL or
<1cm fluid pocket on US)
-Caused by impaired fetal kidney fxn
What is the normal FHR? -ANSWER......110-160 bpm
What is surfactant and what does it do? -ANSWER......A phospholipid substance
that is formed and excreted by fetal lungs.
-Prevents lungs from sticking together
Describe Naegele's Rule for estimated due date: -ANSWER......1st day of LMP - 3
months + 7 days
(EX: if LMP was May 14, subtract 3 months = February 14 + 7 days = February
21)
[estimated due date is +/- 2 weeks)
Calculate Naegele's Rule for a client whose first day of their LMP was May 15. -
ANSWER......February 22
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT RATED A+
What is the structural description and primary function of the placenta during
gestation?
✔✔ The placenta is a highly vascular, flat, disc-shaped organ (often described
as resembling a thick pancake) that implants into the maternal uterine wall. It
serves as the primary metabolic gateway, delivering oxygen and essential
nutrients from the maternal bloodstream to the fetus, and removing fetal
waste products through the umbilical cord without allowing maternal and
fetal blood to directly mix.
Question 2
What is the standard vascular anatomy of a normal, healthy human umbilical
cord?
✔✔ A normal umbilical cord consists of three distinct vessels: two umbilical
arteries and one umbilical vein (often remembered by the acronym AVA).
The 1 Umbilical Vein: Carries highly oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from
the placenta to the fetus.
The 2 Umbilical Arteries: Carry deoxygenated, waste-laden blood from the
fetus back to the placenta for maternal clearance.
Note: These vessels are surrounded and protected from compression by a
gelatinous connective tissue called Wharton's jelly.
Describe the amniotic fluid -ANSWER......The liquid surrounding the fetus in
utero. It absorbs shocks, permits fetal movement, and prevents heat loss.
Volume of amniotic fluid changes constantly (10wks: 30cc; Term: 1000-2000 cc)
Fetus swallow fluid
Fluid flows into and out of the fetal lungs
, Fetus urinates (adds to amniotic volume)
What is hydramnios? -ANSWER......Excessive amniotic fluid (>2000mL fluid or
>8oz fluid pocket on US) that occurs when fetus is not swallowing the fluid.
Why can hydramnios occur in women with gestational diabetes? -
ANSWER......Hyperglycemia can cause excessive fluid shifts into the amniotic
space
What is oligohydramnios? -ANSWER......Too little amniotic fluid (<300mL or
<1cm fluid pocket on US)
-Caused by impaired fetal kidney fxn
What is the normal FHR? -ANSWER......110-160 bpm
What is surfactant and what does it do? -ANSWER......A phospholipid substance
that is formed and excreted by fetal lungs.
-Prevents lungs from sticking together
Describe Naegele's Rule for estimated due date: -ANSWER......1st day of LMP - 3
months + 7 days
(EX: if LMP was May 14, subtract 3 months = February 14 + 7 days = February
21)
[estimated due date is +/- 2 weeks)
Calculate Naegele's Rule for a client whose first day of their LMP was May 15. -
ANSWER......February 22
