Biology 1406: Chapter 3 Test
Questions and Answers.
Amino Acid - Answer monomer of a protein; has a central carbon or alpha carbon to which
an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen, and an R group or side chain is attached
biological macromolecule - Answer large molecule necessary for life that is built from smaller
organic
molecules
carbohydrate - Answer biological macromolecule in which the ratio of carbon to hydrogen
and to oxygen is 1:2:1; carbohydrates serve as energy sources and structural support in cells and
form the a cellular exoskeleton of arthropods
cellulose - Answer polysaccharide that makes up the cell wall of plants; provides structural
support to the cell
dehydration synthesis - Answer (also, condensation) reaction that links monomer molecules
together,
releasing a molecule of water for each bond formed
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) - Answer double-helical molecule that carries the hereditary
information of
the cell
disaccharide - Answer two sugar monomers that are linked together by a glycosidic bond
enzyme - Answer catalyst in a biochemical reaction that is usually a complex or conjugated
protein
glycogen - Answer storage carbohydrate in animals
hydrolysis - Answer reaction causes breakdown of larger molecules into smaller molecules
with the utilization of water
lipid - Answer macromolecule that is nonpolar and insoluble in water
Questions and Answers.
Amino Acid - Answer monomer of a protein; has a central carbon or alpha carbon to which
an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen, and an R group or side chain is attached
biological macromolecule - Answer large molecule necessary for life that is built from smaller
organic
molecules
carbohydrate - Answer biological macromolecule in which the ratio of carbon to hydrogen
and to oxygen is 1:2:1; carbohydrates serve as energy sources and structural support in cells and
form the a cellular exoskeleton of arthropods
cellulose - Answer polysaccharide that makes up the cell wall of plants; provides structural
support to the cell
dehydration synthesis - Answer (also, condensation) reaction that links monomer molecules
together,
releasing a molecule of water for each bond formed
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) - Answer double-helical molecule that carries the hereditary
information of
the cell
disaccharide - Answer two sugar monomers that are linked together by a glycosidic bond
enzyme - Answer catalyst in a biochemical reaction that is usually a complex or conjugated
protein
glycogen - Answer storage carbohydrate in animals
hydrolysis - Answer reaction causes breakdown of larger molecules into smaller molecules
with the utilization of water
lipid - Answer macromolecule that is nonpolar and insoluble in water
