BIO 105 EXAM 4 MOCK TEST WITH ANSWER
RATIONALES 2026
◉ A gradual change in organisms through time, generally with
organisms becoming more complex.
Answer: Evolution
◉ Proposed a theory on the mechanism of evolution based on the
inheritance of acquired traits involving the use and disuse of
structure.
Answer: Lamarack
◉ A geologist who reinforced the ideas of uniformitarianism, the
idea that the present is the key to the past.
Answer: Lyell
◉ An economist who indicated that the human population is limited
in size by food supply and other factors such as disease and war.
Answer: Malthus
◉ Formulated the theory of Evolution based on Natural Selection.
Answer: Wallace
,◉ Wrote a very convincing book explaining how biological evolution
could occur based on Natural Selection.
Answer: Darwin
◉ What was the significance of the HMS Beagle?
Answer: It was Darwin's sailing ship.
◉ What was the title of Darwin's book explaining evolution?
Answer: Origin of Species
◉ Where are the Galapagos Islands and why are they important?
Answer: They are a small archipelago of dry volcanic islands isolated
600 miles off the coast of South America. They are sometimes
thought of as laboratories of Evolution; it was here that Darwin got
some of his most important ideas about Evolution.
◉ How did the Galapagos creatures and Darwin's finches influence
Darwin's ideas about special creation?
Answer: Most of the animals there have evolved from their ancestors
before.
◉ a. Genetic Variation is Characteristic of all Organisms
,b. Organisms overproduce young, but population size remains
relatively constant.
c. There is a struggle for existence among all the offspring for
available resources.
d. The is survival of the fittest by means of Natural Selection.
Answer: The Postulates of the Darwin Theory.
◉ Ancestral giraffes with short necks; wanted to reach upper
branches, so by stretching their necks and legs, they eventually
made their necks and legs longer.
Answer: Lamarack's hypothesis
◉ Variation is characteristic of all species and, in the case of the
giraffe, those individuals that happened to have slightly longer necks
were better adapted and thus they survived and reproduced.
Answer: Darwin's hypothesis.
◉ Evidences for Evolution
Answer: Paleontology
◉ The traces of preexisting life found preserved in the Earth's crust.
Answer: Fossil
, ◉ 1. Fossils of organisms preserved in the Earth's crust are different
from present-day organisms.
2. As one looks further down in the fossil record, one sees more and
more differences.
Answer: Two Evidences for Evolution from Paleontology
◉ Vertebrates have the same general patterns of blood circulation,
bones, muscles, digestive system, reproductive system, etc.
Answer: Comparative Anatomy
◉ The same general pattern of development is repeated in all
vertebrates.
Answer: Developmental Biology
◉ The areas of the world which are separated from one another
have different species of organisms instead of common ones on all
the continents.
Answer: Biogeography
◉ All organisms have the same genetic material, DNA.
Answer: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
◉ In just a few thousand years, humans have vastly changed various
species of plants and animals by selective breeding.
RATIONALES 2026
◉ A gradual change in organisms through time, generally with
organisms becoming more complex.
Answer: Evolution
◉ Proposed a theory on the mechanism of evolution based on the
inheritance of acquired traits involving the use and disuse of
structure.
Answer: Lamarack
◉ A geologist who reinforced the ideas of uniformitarianism, the
idea that the present is the key to the past.
Answer: Lyell
◉ An economist who indicated that the human population is limited
in size by food supply and other factors such as disease and war.
Answer: Malthus
◉ Formulated the theory of Evolution based on Natural Selection.
Answer: Wallace
,◉ Wrote a very convincing book explaining how biological evolution
could occur based on Natural Selection.
Answer: Darwin
◉ What was the significance of the HMS Beagle?
Answer: It was Darwin's sailing ship.
◉ What was the title of Darwin's book explaining evolution?
Answer: Origin of Species
◉ Where are the Galapagos Islands and why are they important?
Answer: They are a small archipelago of dry volcanic islands isolated
600 miles off the coast of South America. They are sometimes
thought of as laboratories of Evolution; it was here that Darwin got
some of his most important ideas about Evolution.
◉ How did the Galapagos creatures and Darwin's finches influence
Darwin's ideas about special creation?
Answer: Most of the animals there have evolved from their ancestors
before.
◉ a. Genetic Variation is Characteristic of all Organisms
,b. Organisms overproduce young, but population size remains
relatively constant.
c. There is a struggle for existence among all the offspring for
available resources.
d. The is survival of the fittest by means of Natural Selection.
Answer: The Postulates of the Darwin Theory.
◉ Ancestral giraffes with short necks; wanted to reach upper
branches, so by stretching their necks and legs, they eventually
made their necks and legs longer.
Answer: Lamarack's hypothesis
◉ Variation is characteristic of all species and, in the case of the
giraffe, those individuals that happened to have slightly longer necks
were better adapted and thus they survived and reproduced.
Answer: Darwin's hypothesis.
◉ Evidences for Evolution
Answer: Paleontology
◉ The traces of preexisting life found preserved in the Earth's crust.
Answer: Fossil
, ◉ 1. Fossils of organisms preserved in the Earth's crust are different
from present-day organisms.
2. As one looks further down in the fossil record, one sees more and
more differences.
Answer: Two Evidences for Evolution from Paleontology
◉ Vertebrates have the same general patterns of blood circulation,
bones, muscles, digestive system, reproductive system, etc.
Answer: Comparative Anatomy
◉ The same general pattern of development is repeated in all
vertebrates.
Answer: Developmental Biology
◉ The areas of the world which are separated from one another
have different species of organisms instead of common ones on all
the continents.
Answer: Biogeography
◉ All organisms have the same genetic material, DNA.
Answer: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
◉ In just a few thousand years, humans have vastly changed various
species of plants and animals by selective breeding.
