UW BIO 200 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
5 core concepts - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-information flow
-structure function
-energy transformation
-evolution
-systems
amino acid polarity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅
electronegativities of organic atoms - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅C~H<N<O
How to tell if a molecule is hydrophobic or hydrophilic - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Non-polar: hydrophobic
Polar: hydrophilic
Types of bonds and stored potential energy - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅High to low
Covalent bonds:
peptide
disulfide bridge:
Ionic Bonds:
Hydrophobic interactions:
Hydrophilic interactions:
H bonds
molecular genotype + phenotype - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅genotype: order of nucleotides
phenotypes: proteins produced and their traits
DNA - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the
chromosomes.
, mRNA - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A type of RNA, synthesized from DNA, that attaches to ribosomes in the
cytoplasm and specifies the primary structure of a protein.
Gets copied and written 5'-3'
protein - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Made from 3 nucleotides, from tRNA in the ribosome
allele - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅one of a number of different forms of a gene on the same place on the
chromosome
genome - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅All the genetic information in an organism; all of an organism's
chromosomes.
metabolic pathway - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Begins with a specific molecule, which is then altered in a
series of defined steps, resulting in a certain product.
nucleotide - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A building block of DNA, consisting of a five-carbon sugar covalently
bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group.
5' vs 3' - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- 5' will have an OH or phosphate group bound to C-5' of the sugar
- 3' will have an OH bound to C-3' of the sugar
ribose vs. deoxyribose - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-ribose: has an -OH group at C-2
-deoxyribose: has an -H group at C-2
phosphate group - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A functional group consisting of a phosphorus atom
covalently bonded to four oxygen atoms
guanine, cytosine, thymine, adenine, uracil - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅GCTAU, chemical bases of
nucleotides
GC bonds are stronger than AU bonds
5 core concepts - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-information flow
-structure function
-energy transformation
-evolution
-systems
amino acid polarity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅
electronegativities of organic atoms - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅C~H<N<O
How to tell if a molecule is hydrophobic or hydrophilic - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Non-polar: hydrophobic
Polar: hydrophilic
Types of bonds and stored potential energy - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅High to low
Covalent bonds:
peptide
disulfide bridge:
Ionic Bonds:
Hydrophobic interactions:
Hydrophilic interactions:
H bonds
molecular genotype + phenotype - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅genotype: order of nucleotides
phenotypes: proteins produced and their traits
DNA - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the
chromosomes.
, mRNA - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A type of RNA, synthesized from DNA, that attaches to ribosomes in the
cytoplasm and specifies the primary structure of a protein.
Gets copied and written 5'-3'
protein - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Made from 3 nucleotides, from tRNA in the ribosome
allele - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅one of a number of different forms of a gene on the same place on the
chromosome
genome - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅All the genetic information in an organism; all of an organism's
chromosomes.
metabolic pathway - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Begins with a specific molecule, which is then altered in a
series of defined steps, resulting in a certain product.
nucleotide - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A building block of DNA, consisting of a five-carbon sugar covalently
bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group.
5' vs 3' - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- 5' will have an OH or phosphate group bound to C-5' of the sugar
- 3' will have an OH bound to C-3' of the sugar
ribose vs. deoxyribose - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-ribose: has an -OH group at C-2
-deoxyribose: has an -H group at C-2
phosphate group - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A functional group consisting of a phosphorus atom
covalently bonded to four oxygen atoms
guanine, cytosine, thymine, adenine, uracil - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅GCTAU, chemical bases of
nucleotides
GC bonds are stronger than AU bonds
